Question

When you practice reading with passages shorter than book length, do not try to take in each word separately, one after the other. It is much more difficult to grasp the broad theme of the passage this way, and you will also get the stuck on individual words which may not be absolutely essential to a general understanding of the passage. It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first to get the general idea of each paragraph. Titles, paragraph headings and emphasized words can be a great help in getting this skeleton outline of the passage. It is surprising how many people do not read titles, introductions or paragraph headings. Can you, without looking back, remember the title of this passage and the heading of this paragraph?
Most paragraphs of a passage or chapter have a 'topic sentence' which expresses the central idea. The remaining sentences expand or support that idea. It has been estimated that between 50% and 90% of all expositive（說(shuō)明的）paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. Always pay special attention to the first sentence of a paragraph, it is most likely to give you the main idea.
Sometimes, though, the first sentence in the paragraph does not have the feel of 'main idea' sentence. It does not seem to give us enough new information to justify a paragraph. The next most likely place to look for the topic sentence is the last sentence of the paragraph.
Remember that the opening and closing paragraphs of a passage or chapter are particularly important. The opening paragraph suggests the general direction and content of the piece, while the closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence（精髓）.
【小題1】 It is a good idea to skim through a passage quickly first ____________.

A．a(chǎn)t about 315 w.p.m.（words per minute）

B．to get the general idea of each paragraph

C．so that you can take in each work separately

D．to make sure you get to the end at least once

【小題2】The topic sentence of an expository paragraph in English _____________.

A．usually comes in the middle

B．is most likely to be found at the end

C．is most often at the beginning

D．is usually left out in expository writing

【小題3】 Most expository paragraphs in English have a clearly defined topic sentence. In such paragraphs the topic sentence comes first _____________.
A. in about 5% of cases                    B in about 80% of cases
C. in about 20% cases                      D. very rarely
【小題4】Sometimes we know the first sentence is not the topic sentence because ____________.

A．it does not seem to give us enough new information

B．it is not long enough

C．it does not come at the beginning

D．it does not make a complete sentence

【小題5】The closing paragraph of a piece of writing ____________.

A．is not really very important

B．is often unnecessary repetition

C．often comes at the end

D．often summarizes the essence of the passage

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】B
【小題4】A
【小題5】D

解析試題分析：在本文中作者介紹了一些重要的閱讀技巧，比如要想了解文章大意，最好的方法是看文章標(biāo)題和段落小標(biāo)題以及每段的主題句，而且指出基本上50%--90%的主題句都出現(xiàn)在每段開(kāi)頭。此外作者還強(qiáng)調(diào)閱讀時(shí)要著重看文章首段和尾段，因?yàn)檫@些都是提出中心思想的重要段落。
【小題1】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段 It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first to get the general idea of each paragraph.可知要想了解每一段的大意，快速閱讀是個(gè)好方法。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
【小題2】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文章第二段It has been estimated that…… expositive paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. 可知大多數(shù)主題句都是段落的第一句，所以答案選C。
【小題3】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 It has been estimated that between 50% and 90% of all expositive paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. 可知50%--90%的情況下主題句出現(xiàn)在段落的開(kāi)始，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。
【小題4】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段It does not seem to give us enough new information to justify a paragraph.可知如果一個(gè)句子不能提供足夠信息，則這句話就不是主題句，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。
【小題5】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末句 while the closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence可知D選項(xiàng)正確。
考點(diǎn)：考查教育類(lèi)短文閱讀。