Compared to people with bad attitudes，people who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds，according to a new study.“It’s possible that being upbeat helps the body fight illnesses，” says Sheldon Cohen，the study’s lead researcher from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
In a previous（先前的） study，Cohen and his colleagues put cold­causing viruses into the noses of 334 healthy adults. People who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles，coughs，and other cold symptoms. People who showed positive feelings were also less likely to mention symptoms to their doctors，even when medical tests detected those symptoms.
Those findings were interesting，but they didn’t prove that a person’s attitude affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead，it was still possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters. Evidence suggests，for instance，that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic，with high self­esteem and a sense of control over life. This would mean that who we are，not how we feel，ultimately decides our chances of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions)，the CMU team interviewed 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. At the end of the interviewing period，people got nose drops that contained either cold or flu viruses. Then，each person stayed in an isolated room for 5 or 6 days. The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected. Their symptoms，however，differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks. Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus，for example,28 percent developed coughs and stuffy noses. On the other hand，those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less upbeat.
小題1:
What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Smiles Turn away Colds
B．An Interesting Way to Beat Colds
C．Be Outgoing and Optimistic to Fight Colds
D．What Matters More，Personality or Emotions?
小題2:
In the previous study，people who showed positive feelings______.
A．didn’t catch colds as often
B．developed cold symptoms more slowly
C．were less likely to have cold symptoms detected
D．were less likely to feel cold symptoms
小題3:
What mainly decides our chances of catching colds according to the new study?
A．Personality.B．Self­esteem（自尊）.C．Emotions.D．Attitudes.
小題4:
The underlined word “symptoms” probably means________.
A．something that causes cold
B．something that results in cold
C．signs that something exists，especially something bad
D．changes in your body or mind that show that you are not healthy

小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:D
略
練習冊系列答案
相關習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Where did all the tigers go? That’s what Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh wants to know. India’s Sariska Project Tiger Reserve, once home to 26 tigers, is now home to none. Singh has ordered a police investigation into the   39 ，and created a new taskforce to save the   40  animals.
Tigers are an endangered species(物種). Half of the world’s tiger   41  live in India. For years, tigers have been disappearing from India’s national parks, but Sariska may be the last straw. And the government has to react.
On Thursday, Singh held the first meeting of   42  officials, wildlife experts, and related leaders, aiming to count the nation’s remaining tigers, and to come up with a plan to keep them safe.
It is not hard to guess why the tigers are disappearing. Poachers (偷獵者) can   43  the big cats for $50,000 each. Tiger skin and bones are popular in Chinese   44 . A single tiger tooth can fetch $120. Recently, a group of poachers admitted killing ten tigers in Sariska and were   45 .
“Indian tiger poaching is probably the biggest conservation problem in modern times.” said Belinda Wright, the head of the Wildlife Protection Society of India.
However, poaching isn’t the only   46 . Many poachers use advanced technologies, like night glasses and long–range binoculars. Forest security officers are paid so   47  that few of them bother to track down the poachers. Even if a security guard were to find a poacher, many carry only a stick to make him obey the law.
Tiger fans hope that Singh’s plans mean end for the poachers and   48  for the endangered species.
小題1:
A．project B．disappearanceC．reserveD．home
小題2:
A．dangerousB．huge C．rare D．fierce
小題3:
A．populationB．percentageC．generationD．group
小題4:
A．businessB．tradeC．a(chǎn)rmy D．forest
小題5:
A．raiseB．hunt C．sell D．shoot
小題6:
A．foodB．traditionC．cultureD．medicine
小題7:
A．foundB．a(chǎn)rrested C．prohibitedD．controlled
小題8:
A．problemB．worryC．crimeD．factor
小題9:
A．commonlyB．poorlyC．slightly D．highly
小題10:
A．success B．lampC．hope D．a(chǎn)chievement

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

At the beginning of this century, medical scientists made an interesting discovery: we are built not just of flesh(肌肉) and blood but also of time. They were   21  to show that we all have a ‘body clock’   22  us, which controls the   23  and fall of our body energies,   24  us different from one day to the next.
The   25  of a ‘body clock’ should not be too   26  since the lives of most living things are controlled   27  the 24-hour night-and-day cycle(循環(huán)). We feel   28  and fall asleep at night and become  29  and energetic during the day. If the 24-hour cycle is   30  most people experience unpleasant   31 . For example, people who are not   32  to working at night can find that   33  of sleep causes them to   34  badly at work.
  35  the daily cycle of sleeping and   36 , we also have other cycles which   37  longer than one day. Most of us would   38  that we feel good on some days and not so good on  39 ; sometimes our ideas seem to flow and at other times, they   40  do not exist.
小題1:  
A．a(chǎn)nxiousB．carefulC．a(chǎn)ble D．proud
小題2:  
A．a(chǎn)roundB．inside C．betweenD．on
小題3:  
A．riseB．supply C．useD．movement
小題4:
A．showingB．treatingC．changingD．making
小題5:
A．ideaB．opinionC．storyD．invention
小題6:
A．difficultB．exciting C．interestingD．surprising
小題7:
A．fromB．overC．byD．during
小題8:
A．dull B．dreamy C．tired D．peaceful
小題9:
A．regularB．excitedC．clearD．lively
小題10:
A．shortenedB．disturbedC．resetD．troubled
小題11:
A．momentsB．senses C．feelings D．effects
小題12:
A．used B．a(chǎn)llowedC．expected D．prevented
小題13:
A．miss B．noneC．need D．lack
小題14:
A．show B．performC．manageD．control
小題15:
A．With B．ExceptC．As well asD．Rather than
小題16:
A．waking B．moving C．livingD．working
小題17:
A．repeatB．remain C．happenD．last
小題18:
A．believeB．a(chǎn)greeC．realizeD．a(chǎn)llow
小題19:
A．othersB．the otherC．a(chǎn)ll otherD．other
小題20:
A．only B．justC．stillD．yet

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Colleges may try to do a lot to prepare students for study abroad – telling about culture shock, warning about homesickness, recommending books about the country. But when it comes to adjusting to campus life when they return, schools haven't done as much, even though the transition is sometimes almost as difficult.
"They can feel disoriented and depressed. They find things are not exactly the way they were when they left," said Antonio Jimenez, director of the Center for International Affairs at California State University Channel Islands in Camarillo, California, US. "They find that people don't care much about their experiences."
Some colleges are now rethinking their approach to study abroad, recognizing that students might need almost as much help adjusting to life back home as they did getting ready to leave: students experience a sort of reverse culture shock when they return to the US.
They might be troubled by the wealth and waste they see back home or they might feel homesick for their new country and its customs. And when they try to talk about their experiences, people quickly lose interest, especially if they haven't lived abroad themselves.
Down the road, they also might find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience that an employer finds attractive.
Some California universities have organized conferences to help students make the most of their time abroad. During a one-day event, students learn how to adjust after living abroad, talk about their experiences and incorporate them into their lives and future careers.
Blythe Cherney, 22, a senior who has studied in Thailand and Britain, found the workshops helpful.
"Any experience abroad does have an effect on you," Cherney said. "When you come back, it's important to talk about it, especially with people who know what you've been through."
Yet most universities focus more on preparation than reorientation. When students return, they might have a welcome home reception. But for the most part, universities figure students can fend for themselves.
小題1:Which of the following is NOT the trouble that students face when they return from studying overseas?  
A．Culture shockB．Homesick for their new country
C．Losing interest in their homelandD．Difficult transition
小題2:The wrier is _________ the help colleges offer for the students when they return from studying overseas?   
A．pleased withB．dissatisfied with
C．indifferent withD．proud of
小題3:The underlined word “workshops” refers to _________.   
A．conferences where people share their experiences
B．buildings where machines are made
C．shops where books are bought
D．labs where experiments are conduct
小題4:After the students come back_________.                
A．They will easily find a good job.
B．People are very interested in their experiences.
C．They have to waste time and money.
D．They are confused and disappointed.
小題5:What is the passage mainly about?     
A．Overseas students experience culture shock in foreign countries.
B．Some universities offer to help students in need.
C．Returned students find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience.
D．Returning from studying overseas, students face more trouble than they expected.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
 小題1:  The first, and perhaps the most important, is whether to bury the body or cremate(火化) it.
Cremation is the act of burning the body until only the ashes are left. The ashes are placed in a container called an urn(骨灰盒). The urn is often put on display during the memorial service.   小題2:  Or they may bury them in the earth, place them in a tomb or scatter them in a special place.
It is said that cremations were used in almost 35% of funerals in 2009.   小題3:  And the cremation rate is expected to increase to almost 59% by 2025.
While cremation has grown in popularity, most families in the United States still choose to bury their loved ones.
After death, the person’s body is usually embalmed (進行防腐處理) to preserve it until the funeral is held. A traditional full service funeral usually includes a public viewing. This is called a wake. The body is placed in a special burial box called a coffin.   小題4:  The service may include music and comments about the loved one by family members and friends. A religious leader may also talk about the person and offer spiritual comfort to the family. After the service, family members and friends go to the gravesite where the body is buried or placed in a tomb.
 小題5:  A traditional full service funeral averages about 6,000 dollars. Flowers, funeral cars and special burial requests can increase the cost to more than 10,000 dollars. Cremations usually cost thousands of dollars less.
A．Then a memorial service is held.
B．This was an 11% increase from 1999.
C．American funerals can be quite costly.
D．American families are in deep sorrow when a loved one dies.
E.After the ceremony, the family may keep the ashes in their home.
F.American families have several decisions to make when a loved one dies.
G.More families choose cremations due to environmental protection, though they are more expensive.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

New archaeological discoveries suggest that trade between Europe and Asia along the Silk Road probably began in some form many centuries earlier than once thought. The findings, coupled with a widening range of scientific and historical research could add a fascinating new page to the epic (史詩) of the Silk Road.
The most surprising discovery is pieces of silk found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy from about 1000 BC, long before regular traffic on the Silk Road and at least one thousand years before silk was previously thought to be used in Egypt. Other research may extend human activity along this route back even further, perhaps a million years to the migration of human ancestors into eastern Asia.
The official origin of East-West trade along the road is usually placed in the late 2nd century BC when an agent of the Chinese Emperor Wu-di returned from a dangerous secret mission（使命）across the desert into the remote high country of Central Asia. The agent, Zhang Qian, travelled as far as Afghanistan and brought back knowledge of even more distant lands such as Persia, Syria and a place known as Lijien, perhaps Rome. Historians have called this one of the most important journeys in ancient times. His journey opened the way for what have been thought to be the first indirect contacts between the ancient world’s two superpowers, China and Rome. Chinese silk, first traded to central Asian tribes for war horses and to the Parthian for acrobats and ostrich eggs, was soon finding its way through a network of merchants to the luxury (奢侈品) markets in Rome.
But the new discoveries show that Chinese silk was apparently present in the West long before the Han emperor started organized trade over the Silk Road. The research could change thinking about the early history of world trade and provide insights into the mystery of just how and when Europe and the Mediterranean lands first became aware of the glorious culture at the other end of Eurasia.
小題1:The word “coupled” in the first paragraph could best be replaced by        .
A．combinedB．contributedC．doubledD．produced
小題2:The silk thread found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy suggests that         .
A．Egyptians had probably travelled to China to buy silk
B．new light can now be thrown on ancient trading practices
C．historical research often achieves fascinating results
D．trade along the Silk Road began earlier than once thought
小題3:Until recently historians mostly believed that trade along the Silk Road       .
A．began a million years ago
B．primarily benefited the Egyptians
C．originated in the 2nd century BC
D．extended human migration into eastern Asia
小題4:Historians have always considered Zhang Qian’s mission important because they believe       .
A．he discovered the Silk Road
B．he helped establish East-West trade
C．he travelled as far as Afghanistan
D．he brought back knowledge of Rome to the emperor

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Reading is the key to success in all school subjects. With a bit of creativity, you can help your child enjoy reading more, and encourage him to do more!
Buy or borrow a lot of “fun” books. Choose books that are slightly below his level of reading ability. Don’t forget what your child likes to do when choosing books for him. Don’t comment about the books. Simply leave the books lying on the table where your child is sure to see them. Computer games are not as harmful as most parents usually think them to be. Instead, you should take advantage of your child’s love of computer games to purchase those that require a lot of reading and avoid those that are simply computerized video games.
Buy your child a bedside reading lamp, or a tiny book light. Tell him that from now on, he must be in bed by a specific time (say 8:30) and that he can either sleep or read. Most kids will do anything else rather than go to sleep, so there’s a chance you’ll create a new bedtime reading habit.
Many children will read when they are sitting alone having a snack, or when they have a few minutes of unplanned free time. Put a box of books and magazines near the kitchen table so that reading material is available.
Often, once children learn to read independently, parents stop reading to them. This change of routine causes great sadness to a child who has come to love falling asleep as you read. Even a teenager will enjoy being read to if you pick books that interest him. Select books together, and make sure they’re ones you enjoy as well, so your enjoyment will come through as you read to them.
小題1:
To make children become interested in reading, parents should _______.
A．choose books based on their interest
B．tell them what they can learn from these books
C．choose the easiest books for them to read
D．a(chǎn)lways read books together with them
小題2:
Which of the following is NOT what parents are advised to do?
A．Pick the right computer games. B．Reduce children’s sleeping time.
C．Have reading material available.D．Read to children when possible.
小題3:
What attitude do most parents hold towards children playing computer games?
A．Supportive.B．Doubtful. C．Negative.D．Neutral (中立的).
小題4:
The main idea of the passage is to ________. 
A．help children succeed in school subjects
B．give parents advice on how to educate children
C．remind parents of the importance of reading
D．teach parents how to encourage children to read

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

According to a survey released by the Nielson Company on Thursday, China has become a global tourist attraction after the Beijing Olympics.
The survey said the Olympics not only built up China’s image but also served as an advertisement for China’s tourism.
The online survey was conducted on consumers in 16 countries and regions before Games’ opening ceremony and after the closing.
About 80 percent of the respondents had not been to China before the events and 50 percent of them expressed hopes of visiting China after the Games.
According to the survey, 70 percent of the respondents felt Beijing was more modern and scientific than what they had thought.
The most interested respondents were from Singapore, India, Mexico, South Africa and the Republic of Korea, as well as China’s Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Pan Wen, in charge of Chinese tourism research of the Nielson Company, said the World Tourism Organization predicted that China would become the largest tourist attraction in the world with 137 million foreign tourists every year.
“This figure would be realized earlier with the aid of the Beijing Olympics,” Pan said.
小題1:When was the online survey conducted?
A．During the Olympics
B．Before Games’ opening ceremony and after the closing
C．After the Olympics’ closing
D．We don't know
小題2:Which countries were the most interested respondents from?
A．Singapore, India, MexicoB．South Africa and the Republic of Korea
C．China’s Hong Kong and TaiwanD．All of the above
小題3:Which country did the World Tourism Organization predict would become the largest tourist attraction in the world?
A．ChinaB．JapanC．South AfricaD．Hong Kong
小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．About 80 percent of the respondents expressed hopes of visiting China during the Games
B．The online survey was conducted on consumers in 16 countries
C．137 million foreign tourists have come to China every year
D．The Beijing Olympics greatly speed up China’s tourism

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The teacher was leaving the village, and everybody seemed sorry. The miller at Cresscombe lent him the small cart and horse to carry his goods to Christminster, the city of his destination, such a vehicle proving of quite enough size for the teacher's belongings, for his only article, in addition to the packing-case of books, was a piano that he had bought when he thought of learning instrumental music. But the eagerness having faded he had never acquired any skill in playing, and the purchased article had been a permanent trouble to him.
The headmaster had gone away for the day, being a man who disliked the sight of changes. He did not mean to return till the evening, when the new teacher would have arrived, and everything would be smooth again.
The blacksmith, the farm bailiff and the teacher were standing in confused attitudes in the sitting room before the instrument. The teacher had remarked that even if he got it into the cart he should not know what to do with it on his arrival at Christminster, since he was only going into a temporary place just at first.
A little boy of eleven, who had been assisting in the packing, joined the group of men, and said, ‘Aunt has got a fuel-house, and it could be put there, perhaps, till you’ve found a place to settle in, sir.’
‘Good idea,’ said the blacksmith.
The smith and the bailiff started to see about the possibility of the suggested shelter, and the boy and the teacher were left standing alone.
‘Sorry I am going, Jude?’ asked the latter kindly.
Tears rose into the boy’s eyes. He admitted that he was sorry.
‘So am I,’ said Mr. Phillotson.
‘Why do you go, sir?’ asked the boy.
‘Well—don't speak of this everywhere. You know what a university is, and a university degree? It is the necessary hallmark (標志) of a man who wants to do anything in teaching. My scheme, or dream, is to be a university graduate. By going to live at Christminster, I shall be at headquarters, so to speak, and if my scheme is practicable at all, I consider that being on the spot will afford me a better chance.’
The smith and his companion returned. Old Miss Fawley's fuel-house was practicable; and she seemed willing to give the instrument standing-room there. So it was left in the school till the evening, when more hands would be available for removing it; and the teacher gave a final glance round.
At nine o'clock Mr. Phillotson mounted beside his box of books, and waved his friends good-bye.
小題1:It seemed that the teacher _____.
A．was not getting on well with the headmaster
B．had lived a rather simple life in the village
C．was likely to continue to practice playing the piano
D．would get help in the city on arriving there
小題2: The motivation of the teacher’s moving lay in his _____.
A．a(chǎn)mbitionB．devotionC．a(chǎn)dmirationD．inspiration
小題3: The boy named Jude may be described as _____. 
A．polite, generous and cheerfulB．a(chǎn)ctive, modest and friendly
C．kind, bright and helpfulD．calm, confident and humorous
小題4:In the passage the writer describes both the teacher’s _____.
A．love for music and his dislike for musical instruments
B．hard work in the village and his strong interest in city life
C．friendship with some villagers and also conflicts with others
D．eagerness to go to the city and his affection for the village

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案