Question

       Some scientists have suggested that it might in some cases be ethically(倫理的) acceptable to clone existing people. One possibility is generating replacement for a dying relative. All such possibilities, however, raise the concern that the clone would be treated as less than a complete individual, because he or she would likely suffer from limitations and expectations based on the family’s knowledge of the genetic “twin.” Those expectations might be false, because human personality is only partly determined by genes. The clone of an extrovert(性格外向的人) could have a quite different way of behavior. Clones of athletes, movie stars, or scientists might well choose different careers because of chance events in early life.

       Some people have also put forward the belief that couples in which one member is infertile (不生育)might choose to make a copy of one or the other partner. But society ought to be concerned that a couple might not treat naturally a child who is a copy of just one of them. Because other methods are available for the treatment of all known types of infertility, the traditional choice seems more appropriate. None of the suggested uses of cloning for making copies of existing people is ethically acceptable to my way of thinking, because they are not in the interests of the resulting child. It should go without saying that I am strongly opposed to allowing cloned human embryos(胚胎) to develop so that they can be tissue donors.

       In spite of this, it seems clear that cloning from cultured(人工培育的) cells will offer important medical opportunities. Predictions about new technologies are often wrong: societal attitudes change; unexpected developments occur. Time will tell. But biomedical researchers looking into the potential of cloning now have plenty to do.

1．What is the author’s concern about cloning an existing person?

       A．The clone created will have one defect（缺陷）or another.

       B．The clone created will be mistreated.

       C．The clone created is unlikely to fulfill your expectations.

       D．The clone created is ethically unacceptable.

2．It can be inferred from the text that a clone will _________.

       A．choose the same career as the person it is created from

       B．behave in the same way as the person it is created from

       C．share the same characteristics with the person it is created from

       D．be partly similar in personality to the person it is created from

3．According to the passage, one’s personality is determined by ___________.

       A．their genes

       B．the environment they live in

       C．both their genes and the environment they live in

       D．neither their genes nor the environment they live in

4．In the author’s view, which of the following uses of cloning is reasonable?

       A．To replace a lost relative.

       B．To help childless couples to have a baby.

       C．To develop tissue donors.

       D．To culture cells for medical purpose.

5．What is the author’s attitude towards cloning technology?

       A．It should be condemned.

       B．It has medical potential for scientists to explore.

       C．It should wait till people’s views change.

       D．It was unethical from the very beginning.

Answer 1

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