While learning the science lessons，I used to get a doubt—why ear，nose，tongue and eyes should be called as special senses？The basic reason is that these are the channels through which we maintain contact with the surroundings.Though apparently it may feel like these are individual sensory organs，they do show some connectivity.Interestingly，our hearing is less sharp after we eat a heavy food.Isn’t it good for a sound nap after a stomach­full meal？That does not mean we go deaf after a meal，but the hearing pitch(強(qiáng)度) does change after a heavy meal.
We usually give credit of the taste to our tongue，but do you know that unless saliva(唾液) dissolves something，our tongue cannot recognize the taste of the food eaten.Taste is nothing but the food chemicals dissolved in the saliva being sensed by the taste buds present on the tongue.Try_to_dry_off_your_tongue_and_mouth_with_a_tissue_paper_and_then_taste_something.
Women are much better smellers than men.They are born with this characteristic ability and can correctly pinpoint the exact fragrance of the sample.We all can store almost 50,000 different scents(氣味)，which are strongly tied to the memories.
Pupils(瞳孔) do not respond to light alone，but to the slightest bit of noise around too.Thus surgeons，watchmakers and those professionals who have to perform a much delicate job do prefer to have a sound­free environment.Even a small noise can dilate(擴(kuò)大) their pupils，change the focus and blur(使模糊) their vision.If you do not wear glasses or contact lens due to having a 6/6 vision，you are just among the one third of the human population.It is now statistically proved that only one third of the population has perfect vision，rest all are either wearing glasses or are trying to read with a compromised vision.
Each and every one of us has a particular or individualistic or characteristic smell，which is unique to us，except for the identical twins.This smell is very subtle(微妙的) yet can be sensed even by a newborn.It may be due to this scent that the newborn recognizes the presence of his parents around.Many of us can pinpoint the smell of our significant friends and colleagues.A significant part of this phenomenon is guided by genetics but it is also modified by the environment，diet and personal hygiene.This all together creates the unique chemistry that is individualistic for each person.
【小題1】We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.

A．a(chǎn)fter a full meal our hearing is as good as before
B．a(chǎn)ll sensory organs are connected and can be exchanged
C．sensory organs’ functions can never be changed for their particular character
D．we feel and learn about the world around us through our eyes，ears，nose and tongue
【小題2】What is the text mainly about?
A．The functions of sensory organs.
B．The connectivity of sensory organs.
C．A newborn’s senses of the sensory organs.
D．The differences of senses between women and men.
【小題3】What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?
A．Our tongues can’t be dried while eating something.
B．If your tongue is dried without any saliva on it，it will not work.
C．A tissue paper is the only thing that can be used to dry our tongues.
D．If your tongue is dried with a tissue paper，it may work as well as before.


【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】A

解析【小題1】　D
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一、二句可知，我們通過感官和外界保持聯(lián)系，故D項(xiàng)符合。由第一段倒數(shù)第三句“Interestingly，our hearing is less sharp after we eat a heavy food.”可知A、C兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)后半句未提及。
【小題2】B
解析　句意理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，舌頭必須在唾液的配合下才能分辨味道，如果用紙把舌頭擦干，舌頭的味覺功能就會(huì)喪失。
【小題3】A
解析　主旨大意題。本文主要說明了感覺器官的各種功能，故答案為A項(xiàng)。

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(鋪砌) a road can lead to less usable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there's a lot we can do to lower the number.
You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks (泄露、漏洞)in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.
【小題1】Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?

A．Using river water. B．Throwing batteries away.
C．paving parking lots. D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.
【小題2】The meaning of the underlined word mans          .
A．water on the ground B．water from a well(井)
C．water from the deep earth D．water from lakes or rivers
【小題3】What can be inferred from the text?
A．All water shortages are because of human behavior.
B．It takes a lot of efforts to meet our water needs.
C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.
D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.
【小題4】The last paragraph is intended to            .
A．show us how to fix leaks at home
B．tell us how to run a dishwasher
C．prove what drinking glass is best for us
D．suggest what we do to save water at home
【小題5】The text is mainly about _____________.
A．why paving roads reduces our water.
B．how much we depend on water to live.
C．why droughts occur more in dry climates.
D．how human activity affects our water supply.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Why Doesn’t Anybody Copy Apple?
Apple’s products are the envy of the world. They have been spectacularly successful and are widely imitated, if not copied. The minute Apple crystallizes a product, everyone knows how to compete．This idea that the basis of competition is set by Apple and then the race is on to climb the path of improvement is unquestionable．When Apple releases a product that defines a category or dramatically changes the structure of an industry, it becomes obvious what needs to be built. But what I wonder is why everyone wants to copy Apple’s products but nobody wants to copy being Apple?
I can think of two reasons. Firstly, Apple is not worth copying because it's not successful; secondly, Apple’s success cannot be copied because it is a magical process．
There is a great deal of evidence for the first hypothesis. The idea of Apple being successful is not something reflected in its stock price．Being valued lower than the average company in the S&P（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾）500 indicates that to whatever degree Apple was successful in the past, it's not seen by the vast majority of observers as successful in the future．Why should one bother copying Apple if it results in being punished with a low valuation? If one works really hard at innovation and then that innovation becomes commoditized（商品化）very quickly, why should one bother?
When innovation practitioners are asked what makes Apple successful, the answers regarding the cause of this success border on the mythical. The climax of this hypothesis is the “chief-sorcerer” theory of success which places one magician, like Steve Jobs, in charge of casting all the right spells（符咒）．
What about Apple’s own opinion of what makes it tick? Tim Cook refers to a great team and integration of hardware, software and services as unique Apple advantages. It’s a better explanation．Integration is something that can take a long time, but it is possible with great effort．A few companies are starting to make moves in that direction, but efforts are half-hearted．There is no “move the Earth” panic to become an integrated company from Samsung, Google or Microsoft．
My own suspicion is that Apple is more aware of what makes it special than it lets out． However, as Tim points out, it’s not a formula．It’s complex, it’s subtle, but it’s not magic．It’s a process that requires a degree of faith and courage．
【小題1】When a new product of Apple comes out, often it ______．

A．ruins an industry dramatically 
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【小題2】According to the passage, other companies don’t “copy being Apple” because ______.
A． Apple is not a successful company 
B． they have no access to relevant resources 
C． It’s hard to find a magician like Steve Jobs 
D．being Apple takes more than time and efforts 
【小題3】We can infer from Para. 5 that ______．
A．other companies are dedicated to integration 
B．Apple itself is fully aware of its unique advantages 
C．Apple will hold the leading position in this industry  
D．other companies don't have a great team as Apple does 
【小題4】What does the author think of Tim Cook's statement?
A．Acceptable． B．Disappointing． C．Unquestionable． D．Convincing． 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

LONDON—Here’s a new warning from health experts：Sitting is deadly.
Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for long periods—even if you also exercise regularly—could be bad for your health.And it doesn’t matter where the sitting takes place—at the office，at school，in the car or before a computer or TV—just the overall number of hours it occurs.Several studies suggest people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat，have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial published this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine，Elin Ekblom­Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define physical activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines recommending minimum amounts of physical activity，they haven’t suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated position.
“After four hours of sitting，the body starts to send harmful signals，”said Ekblom­Bak.She explained that genes regulating(調(diào)節(jié)) the amount of glucose(葡萄糖) and fat in the body start to shut down.
Even for people who exercise，spending long periods of time sitting at a desk is still harmful.Tim Armstrong，a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization，said people who exercise every day—but still spend a lot of time sitting—might get more benefit if that exercise was spread across the day，rather than in a single bout(一回)．
Still，in a study published in 2009 that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years，researchers found people who sat more had a higher death risk，whether or not they exercised.
“We don’t have enough evidence yet to say how much sitting is bad，” said Peter Katzmarzyk of the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge，who led the Canadian study.“But it seems the more you can get up and interrupt this sedentary behavior，the better.”
Figures from a U．S. survey in 2003­2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting，from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to figure out just how much sitting is dangerous，and what might be possible to offset those effects.
“People should keep exercising because that has a lot of benefits，” Ekblom­Bak said.“But when they’re in the office，they should try to interrupt sitting as often as possible，” she said.
【小題1】What is the best title for the text?

A．Not Sitting Too Much While Working
B．How to Avoid Sitting Too Much
C．Sitting Too Much Could Be Deadly
D．More and More People Sit Too Much
【小題2】According to the research，________.
A．the more time you spend in exercising in a single bout(一回)，the healthier you will be
B．those who often sit too much are sure to grow fat or suffer from a heart attack
C．regular exercise is effective to get rid of the side effects of sitting too much
D．you had better not sit for more than four hours in a single bout
【小題3】How does the danger of sitting too much affect the human body?
A．It results in a higher death risk.
B．It increases glucose and fat in the body.
C．It makes a person unable to exercise long enough in a day.
D．It causes the gene to fail to balance the glucose and fat in the body.
【小題4】The underlined word “offset” in Paragraph 10 most probably means “________”．
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Many people think of the brain as a mystery.They don't know much about intelligence and how it works.When they do think about what intelligence is，many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.And scientists have been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn.
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Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals'brains.They found out that animals that lived in a challenging environment were more perspicacious—they were better at solving problems and learning new things.
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B．until now it's impossible to explain the brain's mystery
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D．one's brain grows stronger as the age increases
【小題2】Training muscles is compared to ________.
A．using the brain
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C．lifting weights
D．doing research about the brain
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A．Strong. B．Smart.
C．Popular. D．Active.
【小題4】The following paragraph will most probably talk about ________.
A．the differences between animals'brains and humans'brains
B．the relation between human brains and muscles
C．scientists' findings about animals' brains
D．how to make your brain smarter through self?development

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Inside their one-store, metal-roofed house on Vancouver Island’s west coast，Janet Schwartz and her domesticated(馴養(yǎng)的) deer, Bimbo, are returning to their normal lives. The law-represented by men and women dressed in black uniforms and carrying guns — is no longer threatening to forcibly separate Schwartz and Bimbo，freeing the l0-year-old deer to the fates (命運(yùn)) of the surrounding rainforest and its hungry wolves and black bears．
“We love each other，”said Schwartz who turned 70 on Saturday. “she’ll come up to me and she’ll kiss me right on the lips，like a man kisses a woman’’
For four days last week，Schwartz’ life turned as rocky as the rough logging road that connected her life to the outside world. Conservation officers had arrived with orders to loose Bimbo. Schwartz was told she wasn’t allowed to touch Bimbo any more. It seemed somebody had complained，said Environment Minister Terry Lake earlier in the week, noting it’s illegal to keep wild animals as pets.
During those tense days，sleepless nights were made even more restless by nightmares，said Schwartz. There were news stories and Facebook pages which supported Schwartz and by Friday，the government had changed its mind. Schwartz could keep her pet with the help of a veterinarian and conservation officers.
“It makes me feel good，”said Schwartz of the announcement．“She is my life．a(chǎn)nd I’ve had her since the day she’s been born.”
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C．she has married againD．Bimbo has returned to the forest
【小題2】Why didn’t Schwartz want to loose the deer?
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【小題3】Conservation officers ordered Janet to loose Bimbo because            
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Boredom and Creativity
Most of us think of being bored at work as a negative experience, but a new study suggests it can have positive results including an increase in creativity because it gives us time to daydream.
That is the finding of Dr. Sandi Mann from the University of Central Lancashire. Dr. Mann conducted two studies. In the first experiment, 40 people were asked to carry out a boring task. They were told to copy numbers out of a telephone directory for 15 minutes. After that they were asked to complete another task. A pair of cups were given to each of them. Everyone tried to come up with different uses of the cups, and was given a chance to display their creativity. Meanwhile, another group of 40 people were just asked to come up with uses for the cups without doing any boring tasks before. It turned out that the 40 people who had first copied out the telephone numbers were more creative than the control group(對(duì)照組).
To see if daydreaming was a factor in this effect, a second boring task was introduced that allowed even more daydreaming than the boring writing task. This second study saw 30 people copying out the numbers as before, but also included a second group of 30 reading rather than writing them.
Again the researchers found that the people in the control group were least creative, but the people who had just read the names were more creative than those who had to write them out. This suggests that more passive boring activities, like reading or perhaps attending meetings, can lead to more creativity. Compared with reading, writing reduced the scope（范圍） for daydreaming. As a result, it reduces the  effects of boredom on creativity.
Dr. Mann says: “Boredom at work has always been seen as something to be avoided, but perhaps we should accept it in order to promote our creativity. What we want to do next is to see what the practical implications of this finding are. Do people who are bored at work become more creative in other areas of their work -- or do they go home and write novels?”  
【小題1】Who proved to be the most creative in the two studies?

A．The people who attended meetings.
B．The people who did the reading task.
C．The people who invented uses for cups.
D．The people who copied telephone numbers.
【小題2】The studies conducted by Dr. Mann indicate that creativity results from _______.
A．creative tasks
B．controlled activities
C．the range of daydreaming
D．reading and writing ability
【小題3】What is Dr. Mann’s attitude towards boredom at work?
A．Positive.
B．Skeptical.
C．Subjective.
D．Disapproving.
【小題4】What will Dr. Mann probably continue to research in their study?
A．The real causes of creativity.
B．The actual use of boredom.
C．The practical reasons of boredom.
D．The writing ability improved by boredom.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Air pollution is one of the hottest topics at present because poor air quality is an important factor in both the incidence and cause of respiratory(呼吸道) diseases.
Zhong Nanshan, a deputy to the NPC and a member of the CAE, said recently when the concentration of PM2.5 rises by 10 micrograms per cubic meter, hospitalization may rise by as much as 3.1 percent. Meanwhile, when the concentration of PM2.5 rises from 25 mgs per cubic meter to 200, the average daily death rate may rise to 11 percent.
Zhi Xiuyi, a leading expert in lung cancer treatment and also vice-president of the CATS, said medical authorities used to focus on tobacco control as a primary means of preventing lung cancer. "But in fact, air pollution is no less harmful than smoking and our research team released a report earlier this year showing that the cancer rate in Beijing is closely related to industrialization," he said.
The report, conducted by the Beijing Institute of Cancer Research, shows that the number of cancer patients in China has increased markedly during the past ten years. Chaoyang District, the city's main area of industrialization, has the highest incidence of cancer, almost double that of Yanqing, an area on the outskirts of the city. About four out of 1000 Chaoyang residents have some form of the disease, with lung cancer at the top of the list.
"The risk of having cancer largely depends on the length of exposure and the concentration of noxious gases(有毒氣體的濃度)," said Zhi. In response to the doubt whether seven years' exposure to poor air quality will almost result in cancer, Zhi said the time scale was taken from research overseas that suggested the rate of incidence generally peaked in the seventh year of exposure to a heavily polluted environment.
【小題1】 What is the passage mainly about?

A．Medical researches on environment.
B．The disadvantages in big cities.
C．The only reason for the lung cancer.
D．Poor air quality contributing to lung cancer.
【小題2】What can you conclude from the 3rd paragraph?
A．Compared with smoking, air pollution is more harmful.
B．Air pollution is as harmful as smoking.
C．It is very important to prevent people from smoking.
D．People realize the importance of keeping healthy.
【小題3】If there were 3,000,000 people in Chaoyang District, how many would have respiratory diseases?
A．16000 B．12000 C．8000 D．7500
【小題4】What can you infer from the passage?
A．Industrialization has its weakness as well as strengths.
B．The average death rate rises with different ages and places.
C．The air in Beijing is much more polluted than that in the other cities.
D．The more heavily-polluted air you breathe in, the sooner you’ll have cancer.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Chinese parents are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the United States or Australia. They also want their children to take extra-course activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend an unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter.
However, what most parents fail to see is that the best early education they can give their children is usually very cheap.
Parents can see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize, though, is that today’s children lack self-respect and self-confidence.
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking, sewing and doing other housework.
Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of self-confidence.
Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make him curious and arouse his interest. He will spend hours looking at them,tying to fix them ,your child might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities are not only teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his mind. And that is more important.
【小題1】Parents in China according to this passage    .

A．a(chǎn)re too strict with their children
B．a(chǎn)re too rich to educate their children
C．have some problems in educating their children correctly
D．have no problems in educating their children strictly
【小題2】The writer of the passage does not seem to be satisfied with    .
A．the parents’ ideas of educating their children
B．the education system of the school
C．children’s skills in cooking at home
D．children’s hobbies in the classroom
【小題3】Doing some cooking at home helps children    .
A．learn how to serve their parents
B．learn how to become strong and fat
C．get a lot from it and prepare themselves for the future
D．make their parents believe that they are clever
【小題4】According to the last paragraph we can conclude that    .
A．broken radios and television sets are useful
B．one’s interest and curiosity may be useful for his later life
C．a(chǎn)n engineer must fix many broken radios
D．a(chǎn) good student should spend much time repairing radios

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