Question

閱讀理解 　　Attitude is an internal(內(nèi)在的)state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual(個(gè)人)．Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states．Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual． 　　The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes．Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas－all are influenced by attitudes．These internal states are acquired(獲得)throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school． 　　Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation．An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight．A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice．But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude． 　　Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways．They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake．They can result from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them．And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents．Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification(修正)of attitudes． (1) According to the passage, attitudes ________． [　　] A． come from different situations in one’s life B． are largely affected by one’s behavior C． remain unchanged in one’s daily life D． could be chosen according to one’s will (2) The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show ________． [　　] A． people often make mistakes when they are not noticed B． people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deeds C． particulars of a situation may influence an individual’s action D． an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily (3) Which of the following is TRUE about the learning of attitudes? [　　] A． Attitudes are only learned through one’s success． B． Attitudes learned in danger will last longer． C． Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea． D． Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents． (4) What would be the best title for the passage? [　　] A． Differences of Attitudes B． Nature of Attitude C． Choices of Attitudes D． Modification of Attitude

Answer 1

答案：1．A;2．C;3．D;4．B;
解析：

(1)	細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第二段最后一句“These internal states are acquired throughout life from situations…”可知，態(tài)度是個(gè)人面對(duì)一些生活片斷獲得的，所以A項(xiàng)正確。由第二段前兩句可知態(tài)度影響人的個(gè)人行為，因此B項(xiàng)不正確；由第三段可知人的態(tài)度在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)保持不變，有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生改變，可知C項(xiàng)不正確；D項(xiàng)文章中沒(méi)有提到。
(2)	細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段第一句是本段的主旨句，“個(gè)人在某種場(chǎng)景下采用的行為會(huì)由那個(gè)場(chǎng)景下出現(xiàn)的特殊情況來(lái)決定”。
(3)	細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段談到了態(tài)度學(xué)習(xí)的三種方法，第一，從單個(gè)的事件中學(xué)習(xí)；第二，從個(gè)人成功和喜悅的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)習(xí)；第三，模仿他人的行為，可知D項(xiàng)正確。
(4)	主旨大意題。文章主要對(duì)什么是態(tài)度、態(tài)度對(duì)個(gè)人行為的影響以及如何學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度做了闡述，也就是態(tài)度的本質(zhì)。