When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don’t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.
It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.
Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally – admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.
【小題1】It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is

A.not very high. B.high.
C.contemptuous. D.critical.
【小題2】The main idea of this passage is
A.vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.
B.people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.
C.to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.
D.people are bloodthirsty in sports.
【小題3】That the author mentions the old Romans is
A.To compare the old Romans with today’s people.
B.to give an example.
C.to show human beings in the past know nothing better.
D.to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.
【小題4】.How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?
A.Three. B.Five.
C.Six. D.Seven.
【小題5】The purpose of the author in writing this passage is
A.that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.
B.that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.
C.that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.
D.to show law is the main instrument of social change.
Vocabulary
relish           從……獲得樂(lè)處,享受
orgy       狂歡,放縱
arena       競(jìng)技場(chǎng),活動(dòng)或斗爭(zhēng)的場(chǎng)所
blood-thirsty     殘忍的,嗜血的
bear-baiting     逗熊游戲
bull-fight    斗牛
batter       猛擊,連續(xù)地猛打/捶,亂打
pulp          成紙漿,成軟塊
burst into flames    突然燃燒起來(lái)/著火
grim       令人窒息的,簡(jiǎn)陋的
coop up       把……關(guān)起來(lái)
難句譯注
bear-baiting  逗熊游戲。這是一種十六、十七世紀(jì)流行于英國(guó)的游戲――驅(qū)狗去咬綁著的熊,很殘忍,后被禁止。
…two men batter each other to pulp in the boxing ring.
【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】batter one to pulp =" beat" one to a pulp 狠揍某人,打癱某人
【參考譯文】?jī)蓚(gè)人在拳擊場(chǎng)內(nèi)彼此狠揍,知道一個(gè)人被打倒在地,爬不起來(lái)。
…unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames.
【參考譯文】眼見(jiàn)一輛或多輛賽車(chē)相互撞擊,突然燒起來(lái)而無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。
A world heavy weight championship match is front page news.
【參考譯文】世界重量級(jí)冠軍賽總是頭版頭條新聞。
寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意
作者采取先對(duì)比、后分析的寫(xiě)作手法。先是今人和古羅馬人對(duì)暴虐體育上對(duì)此兩者都欣賞。后者坦率成人“欣賞暴力體育”,前者施以各種接口、實(shí)際都是嗜血成性者。第二段進(jìn)一步剖析今人欣賞暴虐體育的種種實(shí)例,最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜為改善法律采取積極的步驟,法律才能施以巨大的文明影響,否則人類(lèi)很難改變。


【小題1】A
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】B
【小題5】A

解析【小題1】A.  不太高。文章一開(kāi)始就點(diǎn)出科技巨大進(jìn)步,而其他方面進(jìn)展很少。人們以輕蔑的口氣談及可憐的古羅馬人,因?yàn)樗麄冃蕾p競(jìng)技場(chǎng)上的屠殺。我們輕視他們,因?yàn)樗麄儼堰@些屠殺視為娛樂(lè)。我們可以降階/屈尊地諒解他們,因?yàn)樗麄兩钤?000年前,顯然,對(duì)好的東西不知道。在這里作者反問(wèn),我們的優(yōu)越感是否正確呢?我們的嗜血性是不是少一些?為什么拳擊比賽吸引那么許多人?在場(chǎng)的觀賞者(觀眾)是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢?結(jié)論是:人類(lèi)和過(guò)去一樣殘忍。唯一的不同點(diǎn)在于古羅馬人很誠(chéng)實(shí),他們承認(rèn)他們欣賞觀看饑餓的獅子把人撕碎,活生生吃掉,而我們會(huì)找出各種精辟的理由來(lái)保衛(wèi)早該制止的運(yùn)動(dòng)。第二段舉出具體例子,如斗牛、拳擊中把人打癱在地、車(chē)賽中,車(chē)子碰撞起火,人們就坐在那里觀看欣賞,參賽者是為了高報(bào)酬,觀眾付出大筆錢(qián)財(cái)是為了看到暴力。作者指出任何體育精神的說(shuō)法純粹是虛偽。如果一場(chǎng)打比賽(世界重量級(jí)冠軍賽),兩輪而不是十五輪就告結(jié)束,成千上百萬(wàn)人們會(huì)感到失望――這些都證明人的卑下,不文明。這兩段似乎也證明作者的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是C項(xiàng)――蔑視的。但在第三段談及,好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),人們一直試圖在精神上和情感上改善自己,又得承認(rèn)不怎么成功。可至少我們不再容忍瘋?cè)私d于籠中,當(dāng)眾鞭撻,以及其他許多過(guò)去普遍存在的野蠻行徑。監(jiān)獄也不再是過(guò)去那種令人窒息的禁錮之地,社會(huì)福利制度在全世界許多地方推行。在財(cái)富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。這些變化的出現(xiàn)不是因?yàn)槿送蝗桓纳,而是在改變法律上采取?積極的步驟。如果我們禁止危險(xiǎn)的暴力體育項(xiàng)目,那么我們?cè)诟纳迫祟?lèi)方面又前進(jìn)了一步。我們會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)暴力是人類(lèi)的墮落和卑下(人類(lèi)不應(yīng)有的)。從這段來(lái)看,作者對(duì)人類(lèi)還抱有希望,不是很蔑視。所以選A項(xiàng)。
【小題2】A.  法律應(yīng)禁止墮落而又危險(xiǎn)的體育項(xiàng)目。見(jiàn)第一題注釋。作者從古羅馬人欣賞殘忍的體育項(xiàng)目說(shuō)起,點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)代人也是嗜血成性,喜歡暴力體育項(xiàng)目。這是不文明,是墮落。必須制止,而法律是我們社會(huì)改革最強(qiáng)大的工具,它可應(yīng)用,發(fā)揮強(qiáng)大的文明影響(第三段倒數(shù)第三句)B. 人們?cè)敢庵Ц毒薮罂铐?xiàng)來(lái)觀看暴力。這是作者說(shuō)明“嗜血成性”的具體內(nèi)容之一。C. 對(duì)比對(duì)危險(xiǎn)體育項(xiàng)目不同的態(tài)度。這里沒(méi)有對(duì)比。D.人類(lèi)嗜血成性。這是作者認(rèn)為人們?yōu)槭裁葱蕾p危險(xiǎn)殘忍體育項(xiàng)目的根源。
【小題3】D.  人們?cè)隗w育上習(xí)慣于“嗜血成性”,過(guò)去是,現(xiàn)在仍然是,不同點(diǎn)只是前者坦直承認(rèn),后者婉轉(zhuǎn)掩飾。見(jiàn)第一題注釋。
A. 把古羅馬人和現(xiàn)代人對(duì)比。這項(xiàng)沒(méi)有說(shuō)明對(duì)比什么。B. 給出一個(gè)例子。太抽象。C. 說(shuō)明過(guò)去人類(lèi)不太知道更美好的東西,這兩項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有到位。
【小題4】.B.  5個(gè)。作者提到⑴逗熊游戲;⑵斗牛;⑶車(chē)賽;⑷拳擊;⑸人獅斗。至于當(dāng)眾鞭撻和絞刑不能稱作體育活動(dòng)。
【小題5】A.  通過(guò)制止野蠻體育項(xiàng)目,我們能改善人類(lèi)自身。這在第三段講的最透徹,見(jiàn)第一題和第二題注釋。
B. 通過(guò)制止野蠻體育活動(dòng),我們能改善法律,不完全對(duì)。作者明確指出要用法律來(lái)禁止野蠻體育項(xiàng)目。C. 我們必須采取積極步驟來(lái)改善社會(huì)福利體制。D. 去表明法律是社會(huì)變革的主要工具。

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

A recent study suggests that teens’ relationship with parents, friends and teachers may have a lot to do with why they don’t get a good night’s sleep.
David Maume, a sociologist and sleep researcher, analyzed federal health data, which interviewed 974 teenagers when they were 12, and then again at 15. He found that family dynamics (動(dòng)態(tài)) have much to do with how well kids sleep. Teens, who had warm relations with their parents and felt like they could talk to them or their parents were supportive of them, tended to sleep better. However, families that were going through a divorce or a remarriage tended to affect teens’ sleep.
And problems at school also affected teens’ sleep. Feeling safe at school and having good relations with teachers tended to promote better sleep. As did good relationships with friends. Kids who took part in sports or other positive social activities or shared similar academic goals with their friends were also more likely to get a good night’s sleep.
These add up to what makes lots of sense: a general feeling of well-being helps teens sleep. If we’re happy and contented, we’re much more likely to sleep better than if we’re sad and anxious.
Now, of course, teens can hardly resist being drawn to their computers and social networking. Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better. It’s a finding that seems obvious, but parents really do matter when it comes to health habits of their teenagers.
Clearly, teenagers aren’t getting 9 to 10 hours a night, which puts them at risk for all the consequences of lack of sleep, including poor academic performance, colds and stress.
【小題1】What is the passage mainly about?

A.Teens’ sleep is linked to their relationship with people around them.
B.Lack of adequate sleep puts teens at risk of many bad consequences.
C.Modern technology has something to do with teens’ sleep problems.
D.It is necessary for teens to join in sports and positive social activities.
【小題2】According to Maume’s analysis, who will probably have a poor night’s sleep?
A.Teens who feel like talking with their parents.
B.Teens who have friends sharing their dreams.
C.Teens who feel contented about themselves.
D.Teens who lack a sense of security at school.
【小題3】 Para 5 functions as              .
A.a(chǎn) comparison B.a(chǎn)n introduction C.a(chǎn) conclusion D.a(chǎn)n addition
【小題4】 Parents are supposed to               when their kids are growing up.
A.continue their broken marriage
B.a(chǎn)llow children to decide when to sleep
C.limit teens’ using new technology
D.force teens to have 10 hours’ sleep daily

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

The Healthy Habits Survey(調(diào)查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding:A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step:Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding:Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step:We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3.How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding:Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step:Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海綿)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
【小題1】What is found out about American seniors?

A.Most of them have good habits.
B.Nearly 30%of them bathe three days a week.
C.All of them are fighting germs better than expected.
D.About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.
【小題2】Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands ________.
A.twice a dayB.three times a day
C.four times a dayD.eight times a day
【小題3】Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.We should keep from touching our faces.
B.There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
C.A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
D.We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
【小題4】The text probably comes from________.
A.a(chǎn) guide bookB.a(chǎn) popular magazine
C.a(chǎn) book reviewD.a(chǎn)n official document

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

The rising costs of health care have become a problem for many countries in the world. To deal with this problem, it is recommended that a big part of the government’s health budget be used for health education and disease prevention instead of treatment. Actually, many kinds of diseases are preventable in many ways and preventing a disease is usually much cheaper than treating it. For example, people could avoid catching a cold if they dressed warmly when the weather starts getting cold. But many people get sick because they fail to do so, and have to spend money seeing a doctor.
Daily habits like eating more healthy food would have kept millions of families from becoming bankrupt if the patients had taken measures for early prevention. For instance, keeping a balanced diet, such as not consuming too much animal fat and insuring a steady intake of vegetables and frits, seems to be quite important.
One very effective and costless way of prevention is regular exercise, which is necessary for a healthy mind and body. Regular exercise, such as running, walking, and playing sports is a good way to make people feel better and reduce stress.
In addition, health education plays a key role in improving people’s health. By giving people more information about health, countries could help people understand the importance of disease prevention and ways to achieve it. For example, knowing one’s family medical history is an effective way to help keep healthy. Information about health problem among close relatives will make them aware of what they should do to prevent certain diseases through lifestyle changes, Which will work before it is too late. 
However, stressing disease prevention does not mean medical treatment is unimportant. After all, prevention and treatment are just two different means toward the same effect. In conclusion, we could save money on health care and treat patients more successfully if our country spends more money on health prevention and education.
【小題1】What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Prevention or Education? B.Prevention or Treatment?
C.Health or Illness? D.Exercise or Illness?
【小題2】Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bankrupt”?
A.Unable to be cured B.Unable to pay one’s debts
C.Stronger than ever before D.More successful than ever before
【小題3】 We learn form the passage that _______
A.dressing warmly can prevent disease
B.a(chǎn) balanced diet is cheaper than regular exercise
C.the more health education, the better
D.the government’s health budget should be increased
【小題4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
 

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