By cutting downtrees, we___  the natural home of birds and animals.
[     ]
A. damage    
B. harm        
C. hurt        
D. injure
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011山西省山大附中高二5月份月考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Far from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05℃. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists’ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein(蛋白質(zhì)) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content. It is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein. Or AFGP.
【小題1】
What is the text mainly about?

A．The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.B．A special fish living in freezing waters.
C．The ice shelf around Antarctica.D．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
【小題2】
Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
A．The seawater has a temperature of -1.88℃.
B．It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.
C．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05℃.
【小題3】
What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．A type of ice-salt mixture.B．A newly found protein.
C．Fish blood.D．Sugar molecule.
【小題4】
What does “glycol-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?
A．sugarB．iceC．bloodD．molecule

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科目：高中英語 來源：2009年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試浙江卷英語試題 題型：閱讀理解

Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.
Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson  and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that  “Franklin was only two steps away  from the solution.”
No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of  DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the  “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.
【小題1】What is the text mainly about?
A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C. The process of discovering DNA.
D. The race between two teams of scientists.
【小題2】Watson was angry with Franklin because she     .

A．took the lead in the competitionB．kept her results from him
C．proved some of his findings wrongD．shared her data with other scientists
【小題3】Why is Franklin described as  “Dark Lady of DNA”?
A. She developed pictures in dark labs.
B. She discovered the  black X-the shape of DNA.
C. Her name was forgotten after her death.
D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.
【小題4】What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
A．Disapproving.B．Respectful.C． Admiring.D．Doubtful.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年福建省龍巖市高三畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢查英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Growing strawberries in pots

·The best way to start growing strawberries is to buy pot-grown strawberry plants m spring：5plants are plenty for a hanging basket and 10 for the average 13 inch-sized pot．

·Plant them immediately in soil-based compost(混合肥料) and they will produce a modest crop in their first year．The second year should see a bumper(特大的)crop，followed by a slightly lower yield(產(chǎn)量)the third summer .Then start again with fresh stock

·Careful watering and feeding are essential Ifyou are to harvest a good crop，you must never

let the compost dry out,particularly when the fruit is forming and ripening；if you do．most of your

crop will drop off血e bush almost immediately．

·Water well then leave the pots for up to 3 weeks，until they reach the point of drying out Be

Careful not to overwater them during the winter months．

Pruning apple trees

·A one-year-old tree is known as a “maiden”. It has a single stem when purchased. Immediately after planting, cut it back by about half to leave 4 good buds at the base of the stem.. This will force growth from the base or the plant during the summer.

·In the second year ,prune in winter by cutting all side branches back by about one-third, Make sure each cut is made cleanly just above an outward-facing bud. In the third and fourth years, new side branches will have emerged from the previous year’s growth. Cut back all these new side branches by a third, pruning to an outward-facing bud.

·By the fifth year the tree should have a well-balanced shape. From then on ,cut back all new branches by one-third in winter .Remove any diseased wood and broken branches, and ensure the centre is open to air circulation

1.The two pieces of advice probably appear in ????????

A. a scientific repot?? B. a gardening guide? C. a book review D .a fashion column

2.A good crop of strawberries mainly depends on ???????????

A .the size of a pot???? ??????? B. the season of harvesting

C. the number of plants in a pot?? D.careful watering and feeding

3.Cutting back all? side branches by a third is to ??????

A．remove the diseased and broken branches

B．keep the whole tree open to air circulation

C. force the apple tree to grow from the base in winter

D. help the apple tree to form a well-balanced shape

4.The two pieces of advice suggest that planting is closely related? to ????????????

A. season??? B．water??? C．compost?? D．cutting

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆四川成都高三摸底試卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配

根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從對(duì)話后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并將答案標(biāo)號(hào)填寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。

A：Frank，it’s almost vacation time．Have you found a summer job yet?

B：  1.   But camp job doesn’t pay much．How about you?

A：Well，I think I can get a j ob at the Friendship Hotel．A friend of mine was a waiter there last summer．The pay wasn’t good，but he got a lot of tips．He was happy with it．

B：  2.  She enjoyed it．She said a restaurant was a good place for her．

A：3. After sitting in school classes all winter，I'd like a job in open air．

B：You are right．Everybody knows high school kids earn a lot just by cutting grass every summer．My brother is only fifteen，but he gets eight dollars every time he cuts somebody’s grass．It takes him only an hour!

A：4. But now，I think I might work for a building company，or something like that．

B：5.You can learn a 10t．

A：Well，I'd like to have a try．

 

 

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年山東省聊城市高三上學(xué)期1月份模塊檢測(cè)英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Like distance runners on a measured course，all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern．

In the first stage of our lives，we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality(活力)．

After we grow up，however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out．

A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality，yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging．

Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body．The lungs become less able to take in oxygen．Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength．The heart loses power and pumps less blood．Bones grow easier to break．

Finally, we meet a stress，a stress that is greater than our physical resistance．Often，it is only a minor accident or chance infection(a disease caused by virus)，but this time，it brings life to an end．

In 1932，a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats，simply by cutting back the calories in their diet The reason for the effect was then unknown．

Today, at the University of California at Berkley, Dr．Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats．The result was achieved through a special protein limited diet，which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain．Seagle showed that within the brain，specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging．By changing that chemical balance，the clock of aging can be reset．

For the first time, the mystery of why we age is being seriously challenged．Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries．

An average lifetime lasts 75 years，yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life．If we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years．

1.What does the underlined word “it” refer to?

A．Physical vitality．   B．Stress．           C．Aging．           D．Physical resistance．

2.Which of the following is not a change of aging?

A．People gradually lose their muscle strength．

B．Bones tend to break more easily．

C．The heart loses power and pumps less blood．

D．The lungs become unable to take in oxygen．zxxk

3.The author believes the following except that     ．

A．human's life pattern is predictable

B．physical fitness can't stop the force of aging

C．human's lifetime will last longer than 75 years

D．a(chǎn)ll of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body

4.How did Dr．Paul Seagle lengthen the lifetime of rats in his experiment?

A．By keeping their physical fitness．          B．By cutting the calories in their diet．

C．By resetting their clock of aging．           D．By limiting the protein in their diet．

5.What is probably the best title for the article?

A．Two Great Experiments

B．The Mystery of Human Life

C．The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging

D．Ways to lengthen Human Life

 

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