An epidemic (流行病) of the use of street-culture language broke out in some English exams, according to examiners.

A report said there were “a surprising number of small mistakes” in standard (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)) English. It asked teachers that they should prevent pupils from using "street language and text style", adding, “Most answers require formal expression of language.”

“Many concerns were expressed by examiners about basic errors, often appearing in the work of clearly able students,” the report continued.

       It added that the use of street and text language “appeared with surprisingly regularity in the work of students who clearly desired a higher grade”.

“Most answers require formal expression but even when an informal style is appropriate--students should know the examination context and, in particular, should not use street language and text style.” it said.

There is rising concern about pupils’ writing skills, especially among boys. National test results for 11-year-old boys’ writing standards had fallen this year. Only 55 percent reached the level expected of an 1l-year-old by the time they left primary school, the results showed.

Many educationalists are now arguing that teachers should also think of ways of improving writing standards.

 The report said spelling was “in general inconsistent(不一致)” and “variety of vocabulary and of sentence structure is often limited”. It went on, “Punctuation (標(biāo)點符號) errors continue to be widespread.”

 However, it added, “Some examiners felt that this year they had met an improvement in the whole structure of students' writing.”

64. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Street language is appearing in the standard English exams.

   B. What the street-culture language is in England.

C. The English say no to the street-culture language in daily life.

D. The street-culture language is being examined in English exams.

65. The underlined word “appropriate” (in Paragraph 5) means “ _______”                                                            

   A. available             B. possible             C. valuable                   D. acceptable               

66. What problems concerned examiners ?                   

A. Small mistakes in spelling and punctuation,         

  B. Poor sentence structure, and errors in spelling and standard English.                                

 C. Teachers teaching writing skills.

  D. Limited vocabulary of boy pupils.

67. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

   A. In English exams, most answers require informal expression of language.                       

B. When an informal style is correct, the students are allowed to use it.                            

C. Boys' writing skills are worse than those of girls in England.

D. There is no improvement in the whole structure of students' writing.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

    Policymakers need to step up efforts to cut smoking rates in Asia to prevent an “epidemic(流行病)” of tobacco - related lung disease, medical experts said at a conference in Mumbai.

    Many Asian countries have seen a sharp increase in tobacco use in the last decade, particularly among the young and in urban areas as a result of economic growth. A rise in smoking by women has also been noted.

    But ignorance of the health risks remains, especially among the rural poor, while overall tobacco use is adding an economic burden to countries in terms of health care and insurance costs plus lost productivity through illness.

    Matthew Peters, head of thoracic(胸腔的)medicine at Sydney’s Concord Hospital, told the 14th World Conference on Tobacco or Health that there were “real and material health care benefits”  for countries to encourage people to quit.

     “Stopping smoking is a very simple way” of cutting tuberculosis(肺結(jié)核) rates, he said, adding that quitting also meant the region’s poor, who are most affected by the disease, could use the money that previously went on tobacco for food and clothing.

    “These benefits are real. They are seen quickly and have effects on the most important health risks in this region. . . and the especially complex issue of economic deprivation(貧困) and nutrition, ” he added.

    Many at the conference expressed concern about the increases in smoking and tobacco use in Asia, as big tobacco companies look to the region for new markets with more people giving up smoking in developed countries. Health professionals want antismoking legislation(法規(guī))，including bans on tobacco advertising.

    Some 1. 25 billion people worldwide use tobacco in some form every day. China and India account for more than half of that total, according to the World Lung Foundation statistics presented at the conference.

56. We can learn from the second paragraph that _______.

A. more and more people in Asian countries smoke

B. the young smoke more than the old in Asia

C. fewer people smoke in urban areas in Asia

D. there are more women smokers than men smokers

57. What do “real and material health care benefits” refer to?

A. The benefits that countries can get by encouraging people to smoke.

B. Cutting down the cost of health care and getting better food and clothes.

C. Good economy from tobacco, better food and clothes.

D. Health risks and the economic burden.

58. Why do big tobacco companies look to Asia for new markets according to the passage?

A. Because the largest population is in Asia and its economy is growing fast.

B. Because Asians concern about the danger of increases in smoking.

C. More and more people are giving up smoking in developed countries.

D. Health professionals want to ban tobacco advertising.

59. How many people use tobacco in China and India every day according to the World Lung Foundation statistics?

A. About 1. 25 billion.

B. More than 2. 50 billion.

C. About 0. 51 billion.

D. More than 0. 625 billion.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

When the world was a simpler place ,the rich were fat ,the poor were thin ,and right-thinking people worried about how to feed the hungry .Now ,in much of the world ,the rich are thin ,the poor are fat ,and right-thinking people are worrying about fatness.?
Evolution（進化）is mostly to blame. It has designed mankind to deal with lack ,not plenty .People are perfectly fit to store energy in good years to see them through lean ones. But when bad time never comes ,they are stuck with that energy ,stored around their expanding bellies.?
Thanks to rising agricultural productivity ,lean years are rarer all over the globe .According to the UN ,the number of people short of food fell from 920 m in 1980 to 799 m 20 years later ,even though the world's population increased by 1.6 billion over the period .This is mostly a cause for celebration .Mankind has won what was ,for most of his time on this planet ,his biggest battle：to ensure that he and his offspring had enough to eat. But every silver lining has a cloud ,and the result of prosperity is a new trouble.?
Fatness is the world's biggest public-health topic today—the main cause of heart disease ,which kills more ?people? these days than AIDS ,malaria（瘧疾）,war; the major risk factor in diabetes（糖尿病）；heavily connected with cancer and other diseases .Since the World Health Organization labeled fatness an “epidemic（流行�。眎n 2000,?reports? on its fearful results have come thick and fast.?
Will public-health warnings ,combined with media pressure ,persuade people to get thinner ,just as they ?finally? put them off tobacco? Possibly .In the rich world ,sales of healthier foods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first time in recorded history .But even if Americans are losing a few ounces ,it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a century's dining to overload .And ,everywhere else in the world ,people are still piling on the pounds .That's why there is now an agreement among doctors that governments should do something to stop them.?
1.What's the main idea the writer intends to tell us in this passage??
A.It's harmful to have enough to eat.?
B.It's better to be thin than fat.?
C.Fatness is the greatest danger in the world.?
D.Fatness has become a great health problem.
2.It can be inferred from the passage that the biggest problem in history is_______.
A.people were thin?
B.people smoked heavily?
C.there was not enough food to eat?
D.people stored energy in good years
3.Why does the author compare smoking with the fat problem in this passage??
A.Because they are both difficult problems to be settled.?
B.Because they both lead to the same diseases.?
C.Because they are both bad habits.?
D.Because they are both harmful to health.
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage??
A.Man has got rid of lean years by increasing agricultural productivity.?
B.Though fatness is a difficult problem ,man may break away from it.? C.Fatness may cause many diseases such as heart disease ,AIDS and cancer.?
D.The fat problem won't be settled until governments take measures.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學(xué)年浙江省瑞安中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across America’s farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.
Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “useless” college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.
“There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect,” Merrigan said. “We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.”
In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.
“I truly believe we’re at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,” said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. “Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. “
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers’ Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.
Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Best hopes his message --that this is a new time in agriculture-- will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. “Never before have we had the innovations (創(chuàng)新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “There’s really a place for everybody to fit in. “
【小題1】What is the new challenge to American agriculture?

A．Fewer and older farmers. B．Higher fuel prices.
C．More natural disasters. D．Lower agricultural output.
【小題2】Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?
A．To draw federal agriculture officials’ attention.
B．To select qualified agriculture graduates.
C．To clarify a recent blog posting.
D．To talk more students into farming careers.
【小題3】According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because ________.
A．the government will cover production costs
B．global food supplies will be even lower
C．investment in agriculture will be profitable
D．America will increase its food export
【小題4】What do the underlined words “to turn around the statistics” in the last paragraph mean?
A．To re-analyze the result of the national census.
B．To increase agricultural production.
C．To bring down the average age of farmers.
D．To invest more in agriculture.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆浙江省高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across America’s farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.

   Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “useless” college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.

   “There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect,” Merrigan said. “We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.”

   In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.

   “I truly believe we’re at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,” said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. “Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. “

   The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers’ Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.

   Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Best hopes his message --that this is a new time in agriculture-- will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. “Never before have we had the innovations (創(chuàng)新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “There’s really a place for everybody to fit in. “

1.What is the new challenge to American agriculture?

   A. Fewer and older farmers.          B. Higher fuel prices.

   C. More natural disasters.           D. Lower agricultural output.

2.Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?

   A. To draw federal agriculture officials’ attention.

   B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.

   C. To clarify a recent blog posting.

   D. To talk more students into farming careers.

3.According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because ________.

   A. the government will cover production costs

   B. global food supplies will be even lower

   C. investment in agriculture will be profitable

   D. America will increase its food export

4.What do the underlined words “to turn around the statistics” in the last paragraph mean?

   A. To re-analyze the result of the national census.

   B. To increase agricultural production.

   C. To bring down the average age of farmers.

   D. To invest more in agriculture.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：吉林省榆樹市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試（英語） 題型：閱讀理解

.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C、D中選出最佳選項。

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic （流行病）of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.

The beginning of our sleep-deficit crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7. 5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okey because they can get by on 6. 5 hours, when they really need 7. 5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”

Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5. 5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. ”

To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiting them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate. ”

41. What is the main topic of the passage?

A. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit.

B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times.

C. The history of people’s sleeping patterns.

D. The minimum of our sleeping hours.

42. Which of the following is Dr. David’s opinion?

A. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't.

B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6. 5 hours’ sleep a night.

C. If they get 8. 5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition.

D. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep.

43. People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9. 5 hours a night because _______.

A. they were forced by their parents to do so

B. they knew what was best for their health

C. they had no electricity

D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are

44. What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?

A. Persons or things being discussed or described.

B. Branches of knowledge studied in a school.

C. Persons or things being treated in a certain way or being experimented on.

D. Any member of a state apart from the the supreme ruler.

 

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