17． ______ others might have been satisfied, Dawson had higher ambitions.

       A．What B．Why  C．Which      D．Where

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年上海市虹口區(qū)高考一模英語試卷（解析版） 題型：其他題

Plants and animals usually do not live apart, as in many ways they are important to each other. Most green plants can make their own food. The food of other living things, even the food of meat-eating animals, comes directly or indirectly from green plants. For example, some people eat mutton (羊肉); mutton comes from a goat; the goats eat grass. These steps, or links, make up what is called a food chain. Without green plants, all other living things would in time die of starvation.

Plants help animals in other ways too. They furnish homes and shelter for many animals. Many birds, as you know, build their nests in trees. Deer and many other animals use bushes for shel­ter. And even man depends much upon plants for his shelter. Animals repay some of this debt by helping plants. You may be aware that many insects and some birds do important work for plants by pollinating (授粉) them. You must have also learned how animals often help plants by spreading seeds.

What is waste material for one of these kinds of life is often valuable substance for the other. For example, animals give off carbon dioxide gas when they breathe. When plants make food, they absorb this gas from the air, using the carbon and releasing some of the oxygen back into the air. The oxygen that is released, then, is again supplied to animals. Thus the cycle continues, ani­mals helping plants, and plants helping animals.

All plants and animals have their enemies. Insects eat plants; birds eat insects; other animals kill birds. But here too, animals such as birds and bats help the plants by destroying harmful in­sects. Many plants and animals are helpful to some living things but are harmful to others. Then there are other rules in nature that act as checks and balances. For example, if there are more animals in a certain area than there is food to support them, some of the animals must mi­grate or starve. In either case, the number of animals will be reduced until the balance between animals and the available food supply is restored.

These helps and hindrances (障礙) are constantly going on in the plant and animal world to achieve a balance. As long as one living thing is dependent on another, whenever the scales are tipped (使傾斜), nature takes steps to balance the scales again.

 (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

1.What does the author mean by saying “Plants and animals usually do not live apart”?

2.Besides providing food and shelter for animals, plants can also ______ to help animals to live.

3.“Checks and balances” refers to ______ in the world of animals and plants.

4.What will be the final result if some animals migrate or starve for lack of food?

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學(xué)年重慶市高三5月月考英語試題 題型：閱讀理解

As children face their final month of revision before the exam season starts, many parents are looking for the words to motivate their offspring．But could they be mistakenly praising the value of ability over effort, asks Matthew Syed．

    Take a glance at these expressions of encouragement:

    "You learned that so quickly, you're so smart!"

    "Look at that drawing．Are you -the next Picasso or what?"

They appear as the kind of confidence-boosting statements that should be given to children or, indeed, anyone else．Such phrases are used in homes and classrooms every day, particularly with exams approaching．

Intelligence-based praise leads the receiver towards the fixed thought —it suggests to them that intelligence is of primary importance rather than the effort through which intelligence can be transformed．

Let's take a quick second look into the science of expertise, and ask a question．Where does excellence come from? For a long time, it was thought the answer to this depended, to a large degree, on genetic inheritance．Or, to put it another way, it is all about talent．

It turns out that this is mistaken．Dozens of studies have found that top performers—whether in maths, mi sic or whatever—learn no faster than those who reach lower levels of achievement—hour after hour, they improve at almost the same rates．

The difference is simply that high achievers practice for more hours．Further research has shown that when students seem to possess a particular gift, it is often because they have been given extra tuition at home by their parents．

This is not to deny that some kids start out better than others—it is merely to suggest that the starting point we have in life is not particularly relevant．

Why? Because, over time, with the right, kind of practice, we change so dramatically．It is not just the body that changes, but the brain．The question of talent versus effort would not matter terribly much if it  as merely theoretical．But it is so much more than that．It influences the way we think, feel, and the way we engage with our world．

1.What is the best title of this passage?

    A．The Words That Could Encourage Your Child

    B．Intelligence Says All

    C．High and Low Achievers

    D．Start Early, Learn More

2.Which statement is intelligence-based praise?

    A．"You're so brilliant - you passed that exam without really studying!"

    B．"With more efforts, you can achieve more!"

    C．" You combine study with entertainment so well!"

    D．"You study so hard even when you are so good at it!"

3.The writer thinks the answer to the question of talent versus effort is _____．

    A．simple           B．complicated      C．obvious          D．mysterious

4.Why do some people have higher achievements?

    A．Because they are born with great talent.

    B．Because they start better than others.

    C．Because they spend more of their spare time practicing what they have learnt.

    D．Because they improve themselves at almost the same rates.

 

 

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Plants and animals usually do not live apart, as in many ways they are important to each other. Most green plants can make their own food. The food of other living things, even the food of meat-eating animals, comes directly or indirectly from green plants. For example, some people eat mutton (羊肉); mutton comes from a goat; the goats eat grass. These steps, or links, make up what is called a food chain. Without green plants, all other living things would in time die of starvation.

Plants help animals in other ways too. They furnish homes and shelter for many animals. Many birds, as you know, build their nests in trees. Deer and many other animals use bushes for shel­ter. And even man depends much upon plants for his shelter. Animals repay some of this debt by helping plants. You may be aware that many insects and some birds do important work for plants by pollinating (授粉) them. You must have also learned how animals often help plants by spreading seeds.

What is waste material for one of these kinds of life is often valuable substance for the other. For example, animals give off carbon dioxide gas when they breathe. When plants make food, they absorb this gas from the air, using the carbon and releasing some of the oxygen back into the air. The oxygen that is released, then, is again supplied to animals. Thus the cycle continues, ani­mals helping plants, and plants helping animals.

All plants and animals have their enemies. Insects eat plants; birds eat insects; other animals kill birds. But here too, animals such as birds and bats help the plants by destroying harmful in­sects. Many plants and animals are helpful to some living things but are harmful to others. Then there are other rules in nature that act as checks and balances. For example, if there are more animals in a certain area than there is food to support them, some of the animals must mi­grate or starve. In either case, the number of animals will be reduced until the balance between animals and the available food supply is restored.

These helps and hindrances (障礙) are constantly going on in the plant and animal world to achieve a balance. As long as one living thing is dependent on another, whenever the scales are tipped (使傾斜), nature takes steps to balance the scales again.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

81. What does the author mean by saying “Plants and animals usually do not live apart”?

82. Besides providing food and shelter for animals, plants can also ______ to help animals to live.

  

83. “Checks and balances” refers to ______ in the world of animals and plants.

84. What will be the final result if some animals migrate or starve for lack of food?

    

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011屆重慶市南開中學(xué)高三5月月考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

As children face their final month of revision before the exam season starts, many parents are looking for the words to motivate their offspring．But could they be mistakenly praising the value of ability over effort, asks Matthew Syed．
Take a glance at these expressions of encouragement:
"You learned that so quickly, you're so smart!"
"Look at that drawing．Are you -the next Picasso or what?"
They appear as the kind of confidence-boosting statements that should be given to children or, indeed, anyone else．Such phrases are used in homes and classrooms every day, particularly with exams approaching．
Intelligence-based praise leads the receiver towards the fixed thought —it suggests to them that intelligence is of primary importance rather than the effort through which intelligence can be transformed．
Let's take a quick second look into the science of expertise, and ask a question．Where does excellence come from? For a long time, it was thought the answer to this depended, to a large degree, on genetic inheritance．Or, to put it another way, it is all about talent．
It turns out that this is mistaken．Dozens of studies have found that top performers—whether in maths, mi sic or whatever—learn no faster than those who reach lower levels of achievement—hour after hour, they improve at almost the same rates．
The difference is simply that high achievers practice for more hours．Further research has shown that when students seem to possess a particular gift, it is often because they have been given extra tuition at home by their parents．
This is not to deny that some kids start out better than others—it is merely to suggest that the starting point we have in life is not particularly relevant．
Why? Because, over time, with the right, kind of practice, we change so dramatically．It is not just the body that changes, but the brain．The question of talent versus effort would not matter terribly much if it  as merely theoretical．But it is so much more than that．It influences the way we think, feel, and the way we engage with our world．
【小題1】What is the best title of this passage?

A．The Words That Could Encourage Your Child
B．Intelligence Says All
C．High and Low Achievers
D．Start Early, Learn More
【小題2】Which statement is intelligence-based praise?
A．"You're so brilliant - you passed that exam without really studying!"
B．"With more efforts, you can achieve more!"
C．" You combine study with entertainment so well!"
D．"You study so hard even when you are so good at it!"
【小題3】The writer thinks the answer to the question of talent versus effort is _____．
A．simpleB．complicatedC．obviousD．mysterious
【小題4】Why do some people have higher achievements?
A．Because they are born with great talent.
B．Because they start better than others.
C．Because they spend more of their spare time practicing what they have learnt.
D．Because they improve themselves at almost the same rates.

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