What is great art? On the one hand, we can all see that great art is old art which is called great. But how do we know which art of our own times is great, and which will be forgotten? And who decides?
These are important questions, for the great art of the past often was not considered great during its own time. When Shakespeare and Charles Dickens were writing, for example, most critics considered them as hack (平庸的) writers with little or no literary ability.
Similarly, Van Gogh and many of the other Impressionist painters of the late nineteenth century were not allowed to participate in events involving what were thought to be the "real" painters of the time, and often they were very poor. Yet today their paintings often sell for millions of dollars, while those so-called "real" painters are now barely remembered.
So what makes great art? Can, for example, rock music be great art? Music videos? Cartoons and comics? Those who call themselves critics of the fine arts often have been the last to recognize great art in the past, and we can probably expect this to be the situation today.
Critics often don’t recognize great art because they tend to be prejudiced against what is popular. Popular works, whether they are novels, movies, or comics, are usually considered to be produced for the sake of money only, and not for the sake of art.
But popularity, it seems to me, is one of the three signs that a present-day work of art may come to be thought of as great. The other two are that it is groundbreaking, and that it is inherently (內在的) beautiful.
Many works have one or even two of these qualities of being popular, unusual, and beautiful. But having all the three often will mean that a work of art will someday be seen to be great, though it may take a good spoonful of time, such as a century or two, to know for sure.
小題1:The first paragraph is intended to__________.
A．lead to the following and arouse the reader’s curiosity
B．introduce some real painters to the readers
C．introduce the questions the writer wants to answer
D．explain what kind of art will become popular
小題2:The author used the examples of Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and Van Gogh to prove _____.
A．these masters’ works have some shortcomings
B．these masters wouldn’t have been so successful without the critics
C．truly beautiful works of art are never understood when first created
D．great masters are often not acknowledged while they were alive
小題3:According to the author, great works _______.
A．may be presented in different forms
B．are generally valued by critics
C．are thought valuable because of their sale price
D．will lose their value if they’re not accepted
小題4:What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Critics have changed their attitudes to great works.
B．Most of the opinions of critics are valueless.
C．The work of art itself, not the critics, determines its greatness.
D．Works of Impressionist painters will be great one day.

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:A
小題4:C
文章論述了為什么藝術品是偉大的？
小題1:A 寫作意圖題。文章的第一段正是為了引起下文，引起讀者的興趣，故A正確。
小題2:D 推理題。作者舉這幾個例子都是想向人們說明很多偉大的藝術家在生前都沒有被承認。
小題3:A 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第2段可知偉大的作品呈現(xiàn)的形式往往是多樣性的，要受人歡迎，要有內在的美，還要groundbreaking，故A正確。
小題4:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)3,4兩段可知批評家并不能決定一個作品的偉大與否，決定作品偉大與否的是藝術品本身。故C正確。
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D．Tourists are not responsible for the fall in penguin numbers.
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A．Penguins are harder to research when they have young.
B．Tour operators should encourage tourists to avoid Antarctica.
C．Not all penguins behave in the same way.
D．Penguins need better protection from tourists.
小題3:What do you notice about the views presented in the passage?
A．They are groundless.
B．They are factual.
C．They are descriptive.
D．They are conflicting.
小題4:What does the underlined word (final line) probably mean?
A．later on
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