12．About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way．Women are luckier； only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter．Perhaps，after all，it is safer to be driven by a woman!
There are different forms of color blindness．In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red．He may think that red，orange and yellow are all shadows of green．Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green．In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green-a strange world indeed．
Color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain．In a single eye there are millions of very small things called"cones"．These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colors．There are also millions of"rods"，but these are used for seeing when it is near dark．They show us shape but no color．
Some insects have favorite colors．Mosquitoes prefer blue to yellow．A red light will not attract insects，but a blue lamp will．In a similar way human beings also have favorite colors．Yet we are lucky．With the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colors by day，and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night．One day we may even learn more about the invisible colors around us．
51．The passage is mainly aboutD．
A．color and its surprising effects．
B．women being luckier than men
C．danger caused by color blindness  
D．color blindness
52．According to the passage，with the help of the"cones"，we canD．
A．tell different shapes                   
B．see in a weak light
C．kill mosquitoes                      
D．tell orange from yellow
53．Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women？B
A．Women are more careful．
B．There are fewer color-blind women
C．Women are fonder of driving than men．
D．Women are weaker but quicker in thinking．
54．Which of the statements about the color-blind is true？A
A．Not all of them have the same problem in recognizing color．
B．None of them can see deep red．
C．None of them can tell the difference between blue and green．
D．All of them see everything in shades of green．
55．We can attract and kill mosquitoes by using aC．
A．red light     B．yellow light     C．blue light      D．green light．

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了色盲的話題，在文章中介紹了色盲形成的原因，并說明了昆蟲對顏色的偏好．

解答 51．D．主旨大意題．根據(jù)文章第二段第一行There are different forms of color blindness．本文主要講述的就是色盲的話題，故D正確．
52．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段5，6行．In a single eye there are millions of very small things called"cones"．These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colors．cones幫助我們辨別顏色，說明D項正確．
53．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第一段About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way．Women are luckier； only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter．Perhaps，after all，it is safer to be driven by a woman!說明女性色盲的筆男性少，故B正確．
54．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第二段There are different forms of color blindness可知色盲分為很多種類，不是每個人都有同樣的色盲問題，故A正確．
55．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第五行Mosquitoes prefer blue to yellow．說明蚊子喜歡藍色的光線，故我們可以利用藍色的光線來吸引蚊子進行捕殺．故C正確．

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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A．his father died when John was very young
B．life was too hard for them to stay on in their hometown
C．John needed more education badly
D．there were no schools for Negroes in their hometown
47．John's motherD．
A．didn't believe in or depend on others
B．thought one could be whatever one wanted to be
C．believed one would succeed without working hard
D．thought no one could succeed without working hard
48．The underlined sentence"Nothing beats a failure but a try．"meansD．
A．if you try，you would succeed
B．a(chǎn) failure is difficult to beat，even if you try
C．a(chǎn) try is always followed by a failure
D．no failure can be beaten unless you try
49．The story mainly tells usB．
A．how John H．Johnson became successful
B．a(chǎn)bout the mental  support John's mother gave him
C．a(chǎn)bout the importance of a good education
D．a(chǎn)bout the key to success for blacks．

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