Question

【題目】Monkeys surprise us

Humans are the most intelligent animals on Earth. 【1】But sometimes, our way of thinking can become an obstacle (障礙).

Julia Watzek, a graduate student in psychology at Georgia State University, US, recently did some research on the problem-solving abilities of both monkeys and humans.【2】They intended to test their ability to change their strategies(策略) in the game. In this game, each player was shown four squares on a computer screen: one striped square, one spotted square and two blank squares. While being trained to play the game, they learned that clicking the stripedsquare and then the spotted square would cause a blue triangle to pop up in one of the blank squares. Clicking on the blue triangle would give them a reward. 【3】 But partway through the game, the researchers introduced a shortcut (捷徑). Suddenly, the blue triangle started appearing at the start of gameplay, alongside the striped and spotted squares.【4】Remarkably, about 70 percent of the monkeys figured out this shortcut immediately. 【5】 Only 1 out of 56 human players figured out the shortcut right away.

Watzek’s conclusion was that humans tend to get “stuck in their ways” when it comes to strategic thinking. Things such as standardized testing and formal schooling might cause humans to use the same strategy over and over, even when it doesn’t work very well.

A.Monkeys never did better than human.

B.She and her team had them play a simple game.

C.The spotted square didn’t appear at all till the end.

D.Humans, on the other hand, were slow to figure it out.

E.We have mental abilities that other animals don’t have.

F.If a player clicked on the blue triangle, they’d receive their reward right away.

G.Human players would hear a “woop!” sound and monkey players would receive a snack.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】B

【3】G

【4】F

【5】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文，猴子和人類玩游戲，誰會更受一籌，短文介紹了實驗的過程和得出的結(jié)論。

【1】

根據(jù)上文“Humans are the most intelligent animals on Earth.”人類是地球上最聰明的動物。根據(jù)下文“But sometimes, our way of thinking can become an obstacle”但有時，我們的思維方式會成為我們的障礙。所以選項承接上文與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故E項“我們有其它動物不具備的心智能力”切題。故選E項。

【2】

根據(jù)下文“They intended to test their ability to change their strategies(策略) in the game.” 他們打算測試他們在游戲中改變策略的能力。所以選項承接下文。故B選項“她和她的團隊讓他們玩一個簡單的游戲”切題。故選B項。

【3】

根據(jù)上文“Clicking on the blue triangle would give them a reward.”可知，點擊藍色三角形會給他們一個獎勵。所以選項承接上文。故G選項“人類玩家會聽到“呼！”的聲音，猴子玩家會收到一份小零食�！鼻蓄}。故選G項。

【4】

根據(jù)上段可知，點擊藍色三角形會給他們一個獎勵。再根據(jù)本段上句“Suddenly, the blue triangle started appearing at the start of gameplay, alongside the striped and spotted squares.”可知，突然，藍色的三角在游戲開始的時候和條紋以及斑點的正方形一起出現(xiàn)。所以選項要承接上文，說明如果一個玩家點擊藍色三角形，他們會立刻收到獎勵。故F選項“如果一個玩家點擊藍色三角形，他們會立刻收到獎勵”切題。故選F項。

【5】

根據(jù)下文“Only 1 out of 56 human players figured out the shortcut right away.” 在56名人類玩家中，只有1人能馬上弄清楚這條捷徑。選項承接下文。故D選項“另一方面，人類弄清楚這個捷徑卻很慢”切題。故選D項。