Question

Several recent studies have found that being randomly (隨機地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性)of conflict.
Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and cause students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships.
An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.
In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye – the only black student on his freshman year floor -said that "if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove."
Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.
According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.
An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.
Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. "This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said.
At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.
"One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. "This is the definition of integration."
"I've experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes（老一套，模式） and reinforced stereotypes," said one Penn resident advisor (RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts "provided more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合)," there were also "jarring（不和諧的）cultural confrontations（對抗）."
The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.
Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained

1. 1.
   What can we learn from some recent studies?
   1. A.
      Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable
   2. B.
      Students of different races are prejudiced against each other
   3. C.
      Interracial lodging does more harm than good
   4. D.
      Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes
2. 2.
   What does Sam Boakye's remark mean?
   1. A.
      White students tend to look down upon their black peers
   2. B.
      Black students can compete with their white peers academically
   3. C.
      Black students feel somewhat embarrassed among white peers during the freshman year
   4. D.
      Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed
3. 3.
   What does the Indiana University study show?
   1. A.
      Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out
   2. B.
      Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer
   3. C.
      Roommates of different races just don't get along
   4. D.
      Assigning students' lodging randomly is not a good policy
4. 4.
   What does Alec Webley consider to be the "definition of integration"?
   1. A.
      Students of different races are required to share a room
   2. B.
      Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen
   3. C.
      Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception
   4. D.
      The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race
5. 5.
   What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?
   1. A.
      It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study
   2. B.
      Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging
   3. C.
      Students' racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned
   4. D.
      Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems

Answer 1

DDADA
試題分析：本文講述的美國的一所大學(xué)把來自不同種族學(xué)生胡亂分配住在一起，導(dǎo)致了人們的討論。有人認為這樣的做法有利于學(xué)生減少偏見同時增加學(xué)生的容忍心。但是也有人認為這樣做會增加他們之間的沖突。
1.D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段Several recent studies have found that being randomly (隨機地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性)of conflict可知讓不同的種族的學(xué)生混合住在一起可能減少偏見增強容忍性，也有 可能讓他們之間產(chǎn)生更多的沖突。故可能會有多樣化的結(jié)果。故D正確。
2.D 推理題。根據(jù)"if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove."
可知如果一個黑人總很多白人在一起，他總是需要做一些事情來證明自己不比別人差。故D正確。
3.A 推理題。根據(jù)文章第4段3,4行An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.可知很多來自不同種族的學(xué)生在一起住了一段時間以后選擇不住在一起了。說明注意的住宿方式可能會無法持續(xù)下去。故A正確。
4.D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第3段"One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. "This is the definition of integration."可知他所認為的definition of integration就是不管種族地把學(xué)生分配在一起。故D正確。
5.A 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段"This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said.
可知這是第一次有學(xué)校這樣做，也許這樣的行為是不科學(xué)的，沒有經(jīng)過認證。故A正確。
考點：考察社會現(xiàn)象類短文閱讀
點評：本文講述的美國的一所大學(xué)把來自不同種族學(xué)生胡亂分配住在一起，導(dǎo)致了人們的討論。本文要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應(yīng)當知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)。