【題目】

In the last seven days I have seen the pressure that the NHS is under. I have seen the personal courage not just of the doctors and nurses but of everyone, the cleaners, the 1(cook), the health care workers of every description-physios, radiographers 2have kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way, kept 3(risk) this deadly virus. It is thanks to that courage, that devotion, that duty and that love that our NHS has been unbeatable.

The Arctic Ocean in summer will very likely be ice free before 2050, at least temporally. The research team 4 (analyze) recent results from 40 different climate models. Using these models, the researchers considered the future evolution of Arctic sea ice cover in a scenario with high future CO2 emissions and little climate protection. As 5(expect), Arctic sea ice disappeared quickly in summer in these simulations.

However, the new study finds that Arctic summer sea ice also disappears occasionally if CO2 emissions are 6(rapid) reduced.

In order to understand7 bird brains changed, a team of 37 scientists used CT scan data to create endocasts(內(nèi)腔)of hundreds of birds and dinosaurs, which the8(combine)with a large existing database of brain measurements from modern birds.

They then analyzed brain-body allometry (體形變). “There is no clear line 9the brains of advanced dinosaurs and primitive birds,”10(note) co-author Dr. Amy Balanoff of Johns Hopkins University." Birds like pigeons have the same brains sizes you would expect for a dinosaur of the same body size, and in fact some species like moa(恐鳥) have smaller-than-expected brains.”

【答案】

1cooks

2who

3risking

4has organized

5expected

6rapidly

7how

8combination

9between

10notes

【解析】

此題是由三則故事組成的。第一則故事是英國首相鮑里斯治愈出院后的講話。第二則是講未來北冰洋的冰在夏天會(huì)消失。第三則講的是探索鳥類的大腦是如何運(yùn)作的。

1

考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:不僅是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士,是每一個(gè)個(gè)人,包括清潔工和廚師,還包括理療師、放射師、藥劑師等在內(nèi)的各種類型的醫(yī)療工作者。他們不停地工作,始終把自己置于危險(xiǎn)的境地。根據(jù)句子the cleaners, the ___1___ (cook), the health care workers可知,這里是并列結(jié)構(gòu),并且前后都使用了名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。所以這里cook也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填cooks。

2

考查定語從句。句意:不僅是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士,是每一個(gè)個(gè)人,包括清潔工和廚師,還包括理療師、放射師、藥劑師等在內(nèi)的各種類型的醫(yī)療工作者。他們不停地工作,始終把自己置于危險(xiǎn)的境地。在這句話中先行詞是workers工人。在定語從句里面,句子沒有主語,所以先行詞在句子中充當(dāng)主語的成分,這里又是非限制性定語從句。故填who。

3

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:不僅是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士,是每一個(gè)個(gè)人,包括清潔工和廚師,還包括理療師、放射師、藥劑師等在內(nèi)的各種類型的醫(yī)療工作者。他們不停地工作,始終把自己置于危險(xiǎn)的境地。根據(jù)前文kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way,可知,這里需要使用keep doing,來進(jìn)行并列。故填risking。

4

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:這支研究團(tuán)隊(duì)通過對(duì)40個(gè)氣候模型分析出了最近的研究成果。分析這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但是分析出來的結(jié)果對(duì)后面的研究起了影響。也就是說發(fā)生在過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響,所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語team又是單數(shù)。故填has organized。

5

考查省略句。句意:正如預(yù)期那樣,在這種刺激下北冰洋的冰在夏季會(huì)快速消失。這里應(yīng)該是北冰洋里的冰,正如預(yù)期那樣。冰和預(yù)期為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以完整的句子as it is expected,it指代北冰洋里的冰,和主句的主語相同且謂語動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞,則狀語從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞就可以省略。故填expected

6

考查副詞。句意:如果二氧化碳的排放量可以迅速減少的話。這里表達(dá)的意思是排放迅速減少,迅速是來修飾減少的。而reduce又是動(dòng)詞詞性,所以前面要用副詞修飾。故填rapidly。

7

考查賓語從句。句意:為了理解鳥類的大腦是如何轉(zhuǎn)變的。在這里從句跟在understand后作賓語就是賓語從句。change做不及動(dòng)詞,賓語從句為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。這里作方式,要表示“如何”這個(gè)含義。故填how

8

考查名詞。句意:這里有一個(gè)關(guān)于各種現(xiàn)代鳥類大腦測量的數(shù)據(jù)庫?崭袂笆嵌ü谠~the,空格后又是with所帶的后置定語,所以空格應(yīng)該填名詞形式。故答案填combination

9

考查固定搭配。句意:在高級(jí)恐龍的大腦和原始鳥類的大腦之間,并無太大的區(qū)別。在這里要表達(dá)的意思是“在……之間”。這里只有恐龍和鳥類兩者,則為固定搭配between…and。故填between

10

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意來自Hopkins University大學(xué)的Amy教授這樣說道。在這個(gè)段落里面都使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。而這句話中并無明顯的時(shí)間狀語標(biāo)志,則應(yīng)該與整段話一致。教授說這句話是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且主語是單數(shù)。故填notes

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