China has recently been faced with serious issues of product safety. In Panama ,it is said that medicine made with a poisonous chemical sickened some people. A Chinese company had identified it as diethylamide glycol(乙二醇),a low-cost substitute commonly used in automobile antifreeze(防凍劑)．
Some countries have banned Chinese-made toothpaste containing diethylamide glycol. China has now told companies to discontinue its use, even though it says the toothpaste is safe. Another industrial chemical, melamine, was found in wheat flour used to make pet food in North America. Thousands of dogs and cats became sick.
The United States has restricted some imports of Chinese seafood because they contained banned substance. And questions have been raised about other products, including children's toys covered with lead paint.
Chinese officials promised to provide the European Union, the biggest trading partner, with detailed reports on enforcement efforts against unsafe goods.
Meglena Kuneva, commissioner(理事) for consumer protection of the European Union said China should have kept its promise.
China recently closed three companies linked to the Panama and the pet food scare. And it dismissed the former head of its food and drug administration. He was found guilty of corruption(腐敗)for approving unsafe drugs. This week, a conference of the State Council approved a proposed special measure on the supervision of food safety. The Xinhua News Agency said it calls for stronger controls over producers, greater responsibilities for government and more serious punishment for illegal activities.
But Chinese officials have accused some foreign media of overstating problems with goods made in China. They say food imports from the United States also fail inspection sometimes. Next week, American and Chinese food safety officials are planning to hold 5 days of meetings in Beijing to discuss cooperation.
【小題1】How many cases with safety problems are mentioned in the passage?

A．Six. B．Five. C．Four. D．Three.
【小題2】How was Panama case dealt with afterwards?
A. Three companies linked to it  were closed down.
B. The former head of food and drug administration was removed from his position.
C. More serious punishment was conducted for leaders linked to it.
D. Both A and B.
【小題3】It can be implied but not clearly stated that________.
A．Chinese-made toothpaste is safe
B．the safety of "Made in China" is doubted
C．there are safety problems with more Chinese products
D．stronger control over Chinese products is in need
【小題4】The passage is mainly about________.
A．China is facing product safety problems
B．more controls are taken of Chinese goods
C．overstated problems with Chinese goods
D．China is losing its trade partners
【小題5】What does “it” refer to in the last but one paragraph?
A．China B．The European Union
C．Chinese officials D．The Chinese company


【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】B
【小題4】A
【小題5】A

解析試題分析：中國(guó)正面臨嚴(yán)峻的食品安全問(wèn)題。出口到巴拿馬的藥品含有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)，出口到美國(guó)的寵物食品發(fā)現(xiàn)三聚氰胺......當(dāng)然，國(guó)外媒體有食品安全問(wèn)題的嫌疑。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)前三段“it is said that medicine made with a poisonous chemical sickened some people. ...Some countries have banned Chinese-made toothpaste containing diethylene glycol. ...Another industrial chemical, melamine, was found in wheat flour used to make pet food in North America. ...The United States has restricted some imports of Chinese seafood ...nd questions have been raised about other products, including children’s toys covered with lead paint.”可知，安全問(wèn)題涉及藥品、牙膏、寵物食品、海產(chǎn)品、玩具等，故選B。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第六段“China recently closed three companies linked to the Panama and the pet food scare. And it dismissed the former head of its food and drug administration.”可知，三家相關(guān)的公司被關(guān)閉，食品藥品管理局局長(zhǎng)被撤職，故選D。
【小題3】推理題：根據(jù)最后一段“But Chinese officials have accused some foreign media of overstating problems with goods made in China. They say food imports from the United States also fail inspection sometimes.”可知，國(guó)外有些媒體夸大了“中國(guó)制造”的商品存在的問(wèn)題，故選B。
【小題4】主旨題：根據(jù)第一段“China has recently been faced with serious issues of product safety.”和所舉的例子可知，文章主要講的是中國(guó)面臨嚴(yán)峻的食品安全問(wèn)題。故選A。
【小題5】指代題：根據(jù)“China recently closed three companies linked to the Panama and the pet food scare.”可知，it在此指的是China，而且，能夠罷免政府部門(mén)官員的只有China，故選A。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. 
Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”．
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)．
Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior. 
Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.
Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain. 
【小題1】This passage is mainly concerned with ________.

A．relation between personality and behavior
B．relation between behavior and environment
C．different accounts of patterns of human behavior
D．different theories of the formation of human behavior
【小題2】The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．creators B．a(chǎn)dvisors
C．a(chǎn)dvocates D．judges
【小題3】In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about ________.
A．the considerable influence of the two theories
B．differences between the blacks and whites
C．racial discrimination in the United States
D．different responds to intelligence tests
【小題4】What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A．To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.
B．To urge scientists to do more research in social science.
C．To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.
D．To present an argument in the field of social science.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Most people know precious gemstones (寶石) by their appearances. An emerald flashes deep green, a ruby seems to hold a red fire inside, and a diamond shines like a star. It’s more difficult to tell where the gem was mined, since a diamond from Australia or Arkansas may appear the same to one from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, recently, a team of scientists has found a way to identify a gemstone’s origin.
Beneath the surface of a gemstone, on the tiny level of atoms and molecules, lie clues to its origin. At this year’s meeting of the Geological Society of America in Minneapolis, Catherine McManus reported on a technique that uses lasers to clarify these clues and identify a stone’s homeland. McManus directs scientific research at Materialytics, in Killeen, Texas. The company is developing the technique. “With enough data, we could identify which country, which mining place, even the individual mine a gemstone comes from,” McManus told Science News.
Some gemstones, including many diamonds, come from war-torn countries. Sales of those “blood minerals” may encourage violent civil wars where innocent people are injured or killed. In an effort to reduce the trade in blood minerals, the U.S. government passed law in July 2010 that requires companies that sell gemstones to determine the origins of their stones.
To figure out where gemstones come from, McManus and her team focus a powerful laser on a small sample of the gemstone. The technique is called laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Just as heat can turn ice into water or water into steam, energy from the laser changes the state of matter of the stone. The laser changes a miniscule part of the gemstone into plasma, a gas state of matter in which tiny particles called electrons separate from atoms.
The plasma, which is superhot, produces a light pattern. (The science of analyzing this kind of light pattern is called spectroscopy.) Different elements produce different patterns, but McManus and her team say that gemstones from the same area produce similar patterns. Materialytics has already collected patterns from thousands of gemstones, including more than 200 from diamonds. They can compare the light pattern from an unknown gemstone to patterns they do know and look for a match. The light pattern acts like a signature, telling the researchers the origin of the gemstone.
In a small test, the laser technique correctly identified the origins of 95 out of every 100 diamonds. For gemstones like emeralds and rubies, the technique proved successful for 98 out of every 100 stones. The scientists need to collect and analyze more samples, including those from war-torn countries, before the tool is ready for commercial use.
Scientists like Barbara Dutrow, a mineralogist from Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, find the technique exciting. “This is a basic new tool that could provide a better fingerprint of a material from a particular locality,” she told Science News.
【小題1】We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.

A．a(chǎn)n emerald and a ruby are names of diamonds. 
B．it’s not difficult to tell where the gem was mined. 
C．a(chǎn)ppearances help to identify the origin of gemstones. 
D．diamonds from different places may appear the same. 
【小題2】Why did the U.S. government pass law that requires companies selling gemstones to determine the origins of their stones?
A．To look for more gemstones. 
B．To encourage violent civil wars.  
C．To reduce the trade in blood minerals. 
D．To develop the economy. 
【小題3】Which of the following facts most probably helps McManus and her team in identifying the origin of stones?
A．Heat can turn ice into water or water into steam. 
B．Gemstones from the same area produce similar light patterns. 
C．Laser can changes a miniscule part of the gemstone into plasma. 
D．Materialytics has already collected patterns from thousands of gemstones. 
【小題4】From the last two paragraphs, what can be inferred about the laser technique?
A．It is ready for commercial use. 
B．People can use the new tool to find more gemstones. 
C．It can significantly reduce the gemstones trade in blood minerals. 
D．It will bring about a revolutionary change in identifying the origin of minerals. 
【小題5】The author wrote this passage mainly to ________.
A．tell us how to identify the origin of diamonds.  
B．introduce a laser technique in identifying a stone’s origin 
C．prove identifying the origin of gemstones are difficult 
D．a(chǎn)ttract our attention to reducing trade in blood minerals 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this unnoticed form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.
“The lift becomes this interesting social space where behaviors are sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They (elevators) are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”
We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.
He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want – it’s your own little box.
If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (對(duì)角線(xiàn)地) across from each other to create distance.
When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.
Newcomers to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple – look down, or look at your phone.
Why are we so awkward in lifts?
“You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”
In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be understood as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.
【小題1】The main purpose of the article is to _____.

A．remind us to enjoy ourselves in the elevator
B．a(chǎn)nalyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator
C．share an interesting but awkward elevator ride
D．tell us some unwritten rules of elevator behaviors
【小題2】Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least two people in an elevator?

【小題3】The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _____.
A．ignore B．judge C．put up with D．make use of
【小題4】According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _____.
A．the lack of space
B．someone’s strange behaviors
C．their unfamiliarity with one another
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Who is your role model? Normally the answer to this question would be anyone around you who you find truly inspiring. It could also be someone like J. K. Rowling or Martin Luther King. Jr. , who have proven to be strong and intelligent people.
However, in today’s world, stars are regarded as role models along with the heroes listed above, despite their intentions or actions. Teens attempt to imitate their actions for two major reasons. Firstly, to be fashionable and accepted by popular culture, and secondly because stars’ actions are so well documented by the media that it seems to grab our attention and turns it to following stars’ lives. Much of the reports about stars is shocking and exhibits bad morals or lifestyles that aren’t right for teenagers. In addition, almost everything stars do is described beyond truth to make a shocking story by taking it to the next level.
However, teens must take responsibility for their actions. We can’t always blame stars for influencing us. Only you have control over yourself and only you choose to do something. Our bodies and actions are in the hands of no one else.
Now, who ever said stars are role models? Whether they choose to be or not, stars set examples as soon as they step into the spotlight. With reporters following and recording every move they make, it is impossible not to be watched and then be imitated. These people influence teens whether or not they want to. Why should someone who doesn’t want to be setting an example set one? So，should we look up to them or to people who are true and good role models? It’s our responsibility as teens to know right from wrong, and it’s time for us to take responsibility for our actions. In doing so，we will lean toward those inspiring people that want to be setting an example, and follow in their steps to be like them.
【小題1】According to the first paragraph, _______ can usually be role models.

A．political leaders 
B．wealthy writers 
C．people inspiring others 
D．people with great intelligence 
【小題2】What are the major reasons for the teens to imitate stars?
A．Interest in stars’ life and expectation of getting rich.  
B．Motivation for being fashionable and inspiration from popular examples.  
C．Intentions to gain acceptance and encouragement from stars’ lifestyle.  
D．Desires to be stylish and great influence from the mass media. 
【小題3】The author writes the passage mainly to advise the teenagers to _______.
A．have a control over their own bodies and actions 
B．be responsible for their own choices and behaviors 
C．follow fashionable stars’ steps to be more popular 
D．choose right role models according to different reports 
【小題4】It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A．stars have the responsibility for teenagers’ actions 
B．not all famous stars choose to influence teenagers 
C．teenagers choose those inspiring people as their role models 
D．stars set examples immediately they stepped into the spotlight 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Anger at the practice of demanding dowries，which can lead to violence against brides，has prompted a takeoff of “Angry Birds” called “Angry Brides” that aims to highlight the illegal practice still prevalent in many South Asian countries.
Dowries—such as jewelry，clothes，cars and money—are traditionally given by the bride’s family to the groom and his parents to ensure she is taken care of in her new home.
The custom was outlawed more than five decades ago.But it is still widely practiced，with the groom’s family demanding even more money after marriage，leading to mental and physical annoyance that can drive the woman to suicide.
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According to a 2007 study，there is a dowry­related death every four hours in India；we condemn this and have consistently run campaigns on social media to help create awareness of the issue.
The name of the app，available on the group’s home page，is a spinoff from the globally popular “Angry Birds” game.Its home page shows a red­clad，eight­armed woman resembling a powerful female Hindu goddess.Underneath，there is a caption，“A woman will give you strength，care and all the love you need NOT dowry！”
To play the game，users have to try and hit three dodging grooms—a pilot，a builder and a doctor.There are a variety of weapons to choose from，including a frying pan，broomstick，tomato and loafer.
Each groom has a price tag，starting at 1.5 million rupees($29,165)．Every time the player hits a groom，his value decreases and money is added to the player’s Anti­Dowry Fund，which is saved posted on their Facebook page.
“Since we launched the game last week，more than 270,000 people have liked the app.Both men and women seem to be playing it，” said Bhamidi.
【小題1】What caused “Angry Brides” to appear online?

A．Women’s rights being seriously abused.
B．Anger at the practice of demanding dowries.
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【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE about “Dowries”？
A．The custom of giving dowries has been in practice for five decades.
B．Lack of abundant dowries may lead to the bride’s being in violence.
C．The illegal practice of dowries is still popular in many African countries.
D．More dowries the bride gives mean a high social status of her family.
【小題3】The underlined word “spinoff” probably means “________”．
A．relationB．connection
C．copyD．fake
【小題4】Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the game “Angry Bride”？
A．There are a variety of weapons to choose from.
B．Ram Bhamidi thinks highly of the game.
C．Men players don’t find the game enjoyable.
D．The game character looks like a Hindu goddess.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

We all like watching online videos of dogs and cats doing funny things. But if you had to decide, which of the two animals would you say you might like better? Your answer may say something about your personality.
According to a 2010 study led by Sam Gosling, a scientist at the University of Texas, US, dog people are about 15 percent more outgoing and 13 percent more pleasant to be friends with than cat people.
This is not hard to understand, since cats and dogs behave differently themselves. “Cats will occasionally engage in social activities, but usually after only a few minutes, they will abandon the game. Dogs, on the other hand, will often engage in play, like fetching a thrown ball, for hours at a time,” said Modern Dog Magazine.
Although cat people are less social, Gosling’s study showed that they are 11 percent more open-minded than dog people. They usually like art, adventures and unusual ideas. They also have more imagination and curiosity. But dog people are more likely to stick to old beliefs and traditional interests.
However, their love of a free lifestyle also means that cat people dislike making plans. They just follow whatever ideas pop into their heads without planning ahead. But dog people are different. They usually have strong self-control and like to carry out their plans.
Despite these big differences between dog people and cat people, there are some things that they have in common, “Both types of people consider themselves close to nature, dislike animal-print clothing, and are generally optimists,” noted Mother Nature Network.
But can personality change? Can a cat person become a dog person, or the other way around? In a study done by Stanley Coren, a scientist based in Canada, he asked cat owners: “If you had enough living space and there were no objections form other people in your life, and someone gave you a puppy as a gift, would you keep it?”
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【小題1】According to the article, dog people _____________ cat people.

A．perform better in school than B．a(chǎn)re more open-minded than
C．have closer friends than D．a(chǎn)re more traditional than
【小題2】The underlined phrase “engage in” in Paragraph 3 probably means_____________.
A．take little interest in B．take part in C．benefit from D．suffer from
【小題3】What do cat people and dog people have in common?
A．Both of them like planning ahead
B．Both of them love travelling and adventures
C．Both of them are imaginative and curious
D．Both of them care about nature.
【小題4】What can we conclude from the last two paragraphs?
A．Cat people are more likely to become dog people.
B．Dog people are more likely to accept cats into their homes than cat people are to accept dogs.
C．Neither dog nor cat people like to accept a new pet.
D．It is difficult to find out whether dog people or cat people will make a change.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
The Importance of Accessibility Awareness
At a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives.   【小題1】  However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap accommodations (殘疾人便利設(shè)施).
One school-teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities.   【小題2】  These include handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces.   【小題3】  And the meeting focused on educating the public.
Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. “As long as I'm not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it,” some people say. However, the woman who uses a wheelchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car.   【小題4】  
Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless.   【小題5】  People who are informed of the rail’s use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack.
Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about accommodations made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical disabilities.

A．Accommodations will vary according to the needs of the disabled.  
B．As with the parking spot, this is more likely a case of lack of education. 
C．They educate about all the accommodations for people with disabilities. 
D．Improvement must be made so that disabled people can fully participate. 
E. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful.
F. So people without disabilities need to be educated about these accommodations.
G. I was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line：hiring line standers，buying tickets from scalpers (票販子)，or purchasing line­cutting privileges directly from，say，an airline or an amusement park.Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service)．
Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things，and each is appropriate to different activities.The morals of the queue，“First come，first served，”have an egalitarian(平等主義的) appeal.They tell us to ignore privilege，power，and deep pockets.
The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops.But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions.If I put my house up for sale，I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along，simply because it’s the first.Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities，properly governed by different standards.
Sometimes standards change，and it is unclear which principle should apply.Think of the recorded message you hear，played over and over，as you wait on hold when calling your bank：“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.”This is essential for the morals of the queue.It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.
But don’t take the recorded message too seriously.Today，some people’s calls are answered faster than others.Call center technology enables companies to“score”incomings calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places.You might call this telephonic queue jumping.
Of course，markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things.Some goods we distribute by merit，others by need，still others by chance.However，the tendency of markets to replace queues，and other non­market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore.It is striking that most of the paid queue­jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks，in call centers，doctors’offices，and national parks—are recent developments，scarcely imaginable three decades ago.The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern，but these are not the only places that markets have entered.
【小題1】According to the author，which of the following seems governed by the principle“First come，first served”？

A．Taking buses.
B．Buying houses.
C．Flying with an airline.
D．Visiting amusement parks.
【小題2】The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates________.
A．the necessity of patience in queuing
B．the advantage of modern technology
C．the uncertainty of allocation principle
D．the fairness of telephonic services
【小題3】The passage is meant to________.
A．justify paying for faster services
B．discuss the morals of allocating things
C．a(chǎn)nalyze the reason for standing in line
D．criticize the behavior of queue jumping

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