Question

【題目】 A drug designed entirely by artificial intelligence is about to enter clinical human trials for the first time. The drug, which is intended to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD)(強(qiáng)迫癥),was discovered using Al systems from Oxford-based biotech company Exscientia. While it would usually take around four and a half years to get a drug to this stage of development, Exscientia says that by using the Al tools it's taken less than 12 months.

The drug, known as DSP1181, was created by using algorithms (算法)to examine potential compounds (化合物),checking them against a huge database of parameters, including a patient's genetic factors. Speaking to the BBC, Exscientia chief executive Professor Andrew Hopkins described the trials as a “ key milestone in drug discovery “ and noted that there are “ billions” of decisions needed to find the right molecules (分子)for a drug, making their eventual creation a “ huge decision. “ With Al, however, “the beauty of the algorithms is that they are unknowable, so can be applied to any disease.”

We've already seen multiple examples of Al being used to diagnose illness and analyze patient data, so using it to engineer drug treatment is an obvious progression of its place in medicine. But the Al - created drugs do bring about some relevant questions. Will patients be comfortable taking medicine designed by a machine? How will these drugs differ from those developed by humans alone? Who will make the rules for the use of Al in drug research? Hopkins and his team hope that these and a great many other questions will be explored in the trials, which will begin in March.

【1】What is special about the drug designed by Al?

A.It's a better cure for OCD.

B.It has no side effect on humans.

C.Its development takes less time.

D.It doesn't need clinical human trials.

【2】Which is a key factor in creating the drug according to Paragraph 2?

A.Trials.B.Algorithms.

C.Compounds.D.Molecules.

【3】How does Hopkins feel about the way of drug creation?

A.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.

C.Disappointed.D.Puzzled.

【4】What can be the best title for the text?

A.Medical Trials by AlB.An Example in Medical Trials

C.A Creation in Al DevelopmentD.Al - designed Drugs to Be on Trial

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一種完全由人工智能設(shè)計(jì)的藥物即將首次進(jìn)入臨床人體試驗(yàn)。這種藥物是用牛津生物技術(shù)公司Exscientia的人工智能系統(tǒng)制造出的，目的是治療強(qiáng)迫癥。短文介紹了制造這種藥的關(guān)鍵因素，人工智能制造藥物所帶來(lái)的一些問(wèn)題。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“While it would usually take around four and a half years to get a drug to this stage of development, Exscientia says that by using the Al tools it's taken less than 12 months.”可知，雖然通常需要四年半的時(shí)間才能使藥物發(fā)展到這個(gè)階段，但�？宋鞯蟻喺f(shuō)，通過(guò)使用人工智能工具，只需要不到12個(gè)月的時(shí)間。所以人工智能設(shè)計(jì)的藥物有什么特別之處在于它的開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)間更短。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The drug, known as DSP1181, was created by using algorithms (算法)to examine potential compounds (化合物),checking them against a huge database of parameters, including a patient's genetic factors. Speaking to the BBC, Exscientia chief executive Professor Andrew Hopkins described the trials as a “ key milestone in drug discovery ”可知，這種被稱為DSP1181的藥物是通過(guò)使用算法來(lái)檢測(cè)潛在的化合物，并根據(jù)一個(gè)龐大的參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（包括患者的遺傳因素）來(lái)檢查這些化合物的。Exscientia首席執(zhí)行官安德魯霍普金斯教授在接受英國(guó)廣播公司（BBC）采訪時(shí)稱，這些試驗(yàn)是“藥物發(fā)現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵里程碑””,所以算法是制造藥物的關(guān)鍵因素。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“With Al, however, “the beauty of the algorithms is that they are unknowable, so can be applied to any disease.” 然而，對(duì)于人工智能來(lái)說(shuō)，“算法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于它們是不可知的，因此可以應(yīng)用于任何疾病。最后一段“Hopkins and his team hope that these and a great many other questions will be explored in the trials, which will begin in March.”可知，霍普金斯和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)希望，這些問(wèn)題和其他許多問(wèn)題將在3月開(kāi)始的試驗(yàn)中得到探索。由此判斷出，霍普金斯對(duì)藥品制造的方式持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。

【4】主旨大意題。一種完全由人工智能設(shè)計(jì)的藥物即將首次進(jìn)入臨床人體試驗(yàn)。這種藥物是用牛津生物技術(shù)公司Exscientia的人工智能系統(tǒng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，目的是治療強(qiáng)迫癥。短文介紹了制造這種藥的關(guān)鍵因素，人工智能制造藥物所帶來(lái)的一些問(wèn)題。所以短文最佳的標(biāo)題為“人工智能設(shè)計(jì)的藥物即將進(jìn)入臨床人體試驗(yàn)”。故選D項(xiàng)。