Question

【題目】 If you're one of the millions of those who use escalators each year, you are probably deeply familiar with the vertical grooves（豎凹槽）that cover each stair. Few of us have stopped to consider why they exist, though. In fact, it's one of the everyday things we take for granted.

But it is a little complicating when you think about it. Sure, the deep, grey lines make an escalator's metal stairs more appealing to the eye. But regular stairs don't have grooves like these; why do escalators need them? Is it because of the movement?

It turns out those grooves serve a more functional purpose. And, yes, it does have to do with the movement, as well as with general cleanliness! Anyone who has ridden an escalator knows that the steps everlastingly circulate from the top to the bottom. You've surely noticed the ridged yellow lip at the top of the escalator. But here's what you may not have noticed: As an escalator's steps flatten, this ridge—also called the comb plate—sweeps away any trash or litter that might have fallen on the stairs. Those grooves lock the step and comb plate together, which makes it harder for any dangerous materials to slide underneath the lip. This prevents foreign objects from getting stuck in that gap, potentially causing the escalator to stop, or worse, break down completely.

That's not the only reason why the grooves were created, though. They are also a good place for water to pool together, protecting you from a bad fall on the slick surface.

So the next time you step on an escalator, take a moment to appreciate those metal grooves. They exist to make sure you get to your office meeting on time.

【1】What are the first two paragraphs trying to say?

A.Millions of people use escalators every year.

B.Few people think much about the grooves.

C.Escalators are complicated machines.

D.Grooves make the stairs look better.

【2】The ridge is mainly designed to____

A.clean off dangerous objects.

B. keep the stairs in movement.

C.flatten the steps.

D.lock the steps.

【3】What does the underlined word "slick” mean in Paragraph 4?

A.Smooth.B.Sticky.

C.Steep.D.Slippery.

【4】What's the passage mainly about?

A.The importance of escalators.

B.The reasons for grooves on stairs.

C.The look of grooves in escalators.

D.The safe ways of riding escalators.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了自動(dòng)扶梯上設(shè)計(jì)豎凹槽的原因。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)前兩段內(nèi)容，特別是根據(jù)第一段中的“Few of us have stopped to consider why they exist, though. In fact, it's one of the everyday things we take for granted.”可知，然而，我們很少有人停下來(lái)思考它們（自動(dòng)扶梯上的豎凹槽）為什么會(huì)存在，事實(shí)上，它是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ�活中�?xí)以為常的東西之一，由此可知，前兩段是想說很少有人會(huì)去多想自動(dòng)扶梯上的豎凹槽，故B項(xiàng)正確。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“As an escalator's steps flatten, this ridge—also called the comb plate—sweeps away any trash or litter that might have fallen on the stairs. Those grooves lock the step and comb plate together, which makes it harder for any dangerous materials to slide underneath the lip.”可知，當(dāng)自動(dòng)扶梯的臺(tái)階變平時(shí)，這個(gè)脊，也被稱為“梳狀板”，用來(lái)清掃掉在電梯上的垃圾，這些凹槽將臺(tái)階和梳板固定在一起，這使得任何危險(xiǎn)的東西更難以滑到電梯邊緣下面，由此可知，脊是為了清除掉在電梯上的危險(xiǎn)物品而設(shè)計(jì)的，故A項(xiàng)正確。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“They are also a good place for water to pool together, protecting you from a bad fall on”可知，撒了水的表面是濕滑的，這些豎凹槽的作用就是把水存在里面，這樣你就不會(huì)滑倒了，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“光滑的”，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【4】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第二段中的“why do escalators need them?”可知，電梯上為什么需要它們（豎凹槽）呢？再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“That's not the only reason why the grooves were created, though.”可知，然而，這并不是設(shè)計(jì)豎凹槽的唯一原因，由此可知，本文主要介紹了自動(dòng)扶梯上設(shè)計(jì)豎凹槽的原因，故B項(xiàng)正確。

詞義猜測(cè)題的難度較大，對(duì)畫線詞上下文（特別是前一句或后一句）的理解是關(guān)鍵，因?yàn)槠渫�往�?huì)對(duì)畫線詞起到解釋說明的作用，例如本篇第3題，根據(jù)畫線詞前的“They are also a good place for water to pool together, protecting you from a bad fall on”可知，撒了水的表面是濕滑的，如果踩上去很容易滑倒，這些豎凹槽的作用就是把水存在凹槽里，這樣你就不會(huì)滑倒了，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“光滑的”。