Question

【題目】Directions : Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.

【1】這是他第一次回老家過年，是嗎？ (time)

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【2】這款國產(chǎn)電器一經(jīng)問世便銷售火爆。(sell)

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【3】我認為有些錯誤在所難免，關鍵是我們要從中吸取教訓。(impossible)

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【4】為了營造舒適的就餐環(huán)境，許多餐廳不允許抽煙，這對廣大顧客來說是一大福音。(forbid)

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Answer 1

【答案】

【1】This is the first time that he has gone back hometown to spend the Spring Festival, isn’t it?

【2】Once the domestic electrical appliance was released / emerged / came into being / existence, it sold very well.

【3】I think it impossible to avoid some mistakes, what matters / is important / is the key point is that we should learn a lesson from them.

【4】To offer / build / create a comfortable dinning / eating environment, smoking is forbidden in many restaurants, which is a piece of good news to most consumers.

【解析】

考查漢譯英。

【1】考查固定句式。句式this is the first time that+現(xiàn)在完成時，故譯為This is the first time that he has gone back hometown to spend the Spring Festival, isn’t it?

【2】考查固定用法。短語come into being/existence“產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)”；本句為once引導的時間狀語從句，時態(tài)應用一般過去時。故譯為Once the domestic electrical appliance was released / emerged / came into being / existence, it sold very well.。

【3】考查固定用法。think后跟形式賓語it指代下文不定式真正賓語，形容詞impossible做賓語補足語。短語what matters / is important / is the key point“重要的是……”。故譯為I think it impossible to avoid some mistakes, what matters / is important / is the key point is that we should learn a lesson from them.。

【4】考查非謂語動詞和動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。本句不定式做目的狀語，主句主語smoking與謂語動詞forbid構成被動關系；且非限定性定語從句修飾上文整個句子，關系代詞應用which。故譯為To offer / build / create a comfortable dinning / eating environment, smoking is forbidden in many restaurants, which is a piece of good news to most consumers.。

it作形式賓語的用法。

當不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或從句在某個句子中作賓語時，為保持句子結構平衡，避免句式結構的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時it仍只起先行引導作用，本身無詞義。其基本結構為“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”。

① 當不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或從句在復合賓語結構中作某些動詞的賓語時（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；

基本句式結構——

一、動詞+ it + that-從句。如：

（1）sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n+to do/that從句，如：I take it (that) he will come on time. 我認為他會準時來的。

He makes it a rule never to borrow money.（他立志決不向別人借錢。）

I think it no need talking about it with them.（我認為沒必要跟他們談。）

（2）sb find/think/make + it + adj. + to do sth/that 從句(賓語從句)如：

I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.（我覺得理解英語特別節(jié)目并不難。）

I find it interesting to learn English.

如第三小題，think后跟形式賓語it指代下文不定式真正賓語，形容詞impossible做賓語補足語。

二、動詞 + prep + it + that-從句。如：

I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保證他會來。

You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心，他會來接你的。

You may depend on it that we shall always help you.（盡管放心，我們會隨時幫你的。）

說明：能用于此結構的動詞不多，常見的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

注意： that引導的賓語從句不能直接作介詞的賓語

三、動詞 + it + 介詞短語+ that-從句。如：

We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.（多虧了你才沒有發(fā)生嚴重事故。）

I took it for granted that he would help us. 我認為他會幫助我們的。

注意：由及物動詞與介詞組成的固定搭配中，賓語從句若作該動詞的賓語時，須借用it。常見的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。

四、動詞 + it + when /if/that-從句。如：

(1)sb＋hate / dislike / love / like＋it＋when－從句

I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.（我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。）

I dislike it when you whistle. 我不愛聽你吹口哨。

(2)sb＋appreciate/prefer＋it＋if－從句

I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.

I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。