【題目】 Australia is no stranger to wildfires. The country’s weather patterns create heat and dryness, which fuel occasional bushfires in a natural cycle. However, one that started last September continues to burn, and it may not be natural at all. Scientists say that man-made climate change has played a role in the fire’s creation and duration.

Peter Gleick, a US climate scientist, told Time, “the extent, the severity, and the intensity of these fires wouldn’t have been so bad without the fingerprints of climate change.”

According to Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology, the country’s temperatures have risen by more than one degree Celsius since 1920. The spring of 2019 was Australia’s driest in 120 years. In December, the country saw its hottest day ever, with an average temperature of 41.9℃.

“Due to enhanced (過(guò)度的) evaporation（蒸發(fā)）in warmer temperatures, the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly,” Stefan Rahmstorf, a lead author of the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Fourth Assessment Report, told Time.

Worse still, researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology believe that wildfires like this might become “normal conditions” in the future, according to the BBC. They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires. They found that the link between the two has already been observed in many parts of the world, including the western US, Canada, southern Europe, and even Scandinavia and Siberia.

“These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don’t do what it takes to make the world’s climate stable,” Corinne Le Quere, a professor from the University of East Anglia in the UK, told the BBC. “What we are seeing in Australia is not the ‘new normal’. It’s a transition(過(guò)渡)to worse impacts.”

【1】What was the wildfire starting last September related to according to scientists？

A.Air pollution.B.Human activities.

C.Environment changes.D.Natural cycle.

【2】What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 mean?

A.The meaning of climate changeB.The influence of climate change

C.The control of climate changeD.The possibility of climate change

【3】What happened with the temperature rising in Australia?

A.Plants stayed as lively as usual.

B.Australia never suffered a hot day.

C.The plants and the soils became dry faster.

D.Every season became the driest in the year.

【4】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.We might see more wildlife.

B.We were to see less disasters.

C.It could be impossible to see wildfires.

D.It would be more difficult to prevent wildfires.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章在講述澳大利亞大火的起因。科學(xué)家表示，人為的氣候變化在火災(zāi)的產(chǎn)生和持續(xù)過(guò)程中發(fā)揮了作用。今后防止野火將更加困難。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Scientists say that man-made climate change has played a role in the fire’s creation and duration.“科學(xué)家表示，人為的氣候變化在火災(zāi)的產(chǎn)生和持續(xù)過(guò)程中發(fā)揮了作用。”由此判斷出，人類(lèi)活動(dòng)據(jù)科學(xué)家稱(chēng)，人類(lèi)活動(dòng)與去年9月開(kāi)始的野火有關(guān)。故選B。

【2】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中According to Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology, the country’s temperatures have risen by more than one degree Celsius since 1920. The spring of 2019 was Australia’s driest in 120 years. In December, the country saw its hottest day ever, with an average temperature of 41.9℃.“根據(jù)澳大利亞氣象局的數(shù)據(jù)，自1920年以來(lái)，該國(guó)的氣溫已經(jīng)上升了1攝氏度以上。2019年春天是澳大利亞120年來(lái)最干旱的一年。去年12月，中國(guó)迎來(lái)了有史以來(lái)最熱的一天，平均氣溫為41.9℃。”和第四段第一句“Due to enhanced (過(guò)度的) evaporation（蒸發(fā)）in warmer temperatures, the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly,”“ 由于在較高的溫度下蒸發(fā)增強(qiáng)，植被和土壤干燥得更快。”可知，如果沒(méi)有氣候變化的影響，這些火災(zāi)的范圍、嚴(yán)重程度和強(qiáng)度不會(huì)如此嚴(yán)重。由此推知，劃線(xiàn)部分的意思是“氣候的影響”。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Due to enhanced (過(guò)度的) evaporation（蒸發(fā)）in warmer temperatures, the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly,” “由于在較高溫度下蒸發(fā)增強(qiáng)，植被和土壤干燥得更快，”由此可知，澳大利亞的氣溫上升植物和土壤變干得更快。故選C。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don’t do what it takes to make the world’s climate stable,” “這些都是我們看到的全球氣候變化一度的影響。如果我們不采取措施穩(wěn)定全球氣候，這種影響會(huì)變得更糟。”和“What we are seeing in Australia is not the ‘new normal’. It’s a transition(過(guò)渡)to worse impacts.” “我們?cè)诎拇罄麃喛吹降牟⒉皇?/span>‘新常態(tài)’。這是向更糟糕影響的過(guò)渡。”由此判斷出，防止野火將更加困難。故選D。

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