4．Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted （走神） by e-mail，the Internet and other things throughout the day？According to the survey made by a famous university in the USA，most people have the experience．
"People often lose their concentration when they are bored，of course，but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks，"says Peter Bregman，the head of the survey．"They sometimes have a feeling to escape from what's difficult or boring，so they jump out，"he says．The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain's emotional center．Any strong emotion-quarrels with colleagues，problems at home-can interrupt our attention．Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction．
Refocusing is hard for many people．Robert Epstein suggests the following，"Stop and listen to some soft music for a few minutes．Find a good friend or a teacher and say out your matter on your mind．Go for a short walk or take a deep breath，where you breathe in deeply，count to five slowly，hold it and breathe out very slowly．This can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus．"
Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors．"Setting the phone alarm to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness，"Mr．Bregman says．"You have to inform yourself that you've lost focus in order to do something about it．"Starting the day with a to-do list is also important，such as when to eat，when to go to the gym or take a walk．But if it's overly ambitious，you will put yourself in a state of anxiety，which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate．"Choosing three or four things as your priority （優(yōu)先） for the day allows your brain to settle down and focus，"he says．
21．According to the passage，which is NOT the reason why some people can be distracted from their work？A
A．They don't want to be devoted to their work．
B．They feel their work is too hard for them．
C．They can't find interest in their work．
D．They are disturbed by the Internet and other things．
22．Which incident might not interrupt your attention？A
A．You went to school at six as usual．
B．You had words with your good friend．
C．You were scolded by your teacher．
D．Your mother and father had a quarrel．
23．According to Robert Epstein，how can we refocus on what we should do？D
A．Listen to rock music for some time．
B．Take a breath from time to time．
C．Run around the playground for some time．
D．Turn to your good friends or teachers for help
24．What's the meaning of the underlined word"restore"in the passage？B
A．reform
B．recover
C．release
D．react．
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章分析了"人們無法集中注意力工作或?qū)W習(xí)"的原因并給出部分建議．
解答 21-24 AADB
21．A 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章的第一段 found yourself distracted （走神） by e-mail，the Internet and other things throughout the day第二段They sometimes have a feeling to escape from what's difficult or boring；Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction可知A項"他們不想認真工作"不在所提到的使他們分心的范圍內(nèi)，故選A．
22．A 推理判斷題，根據(jù)第二段Any strong emotion-quarrels with colleagues，problems at home-can interrupt our attention．可知任何強烈的情感糾紛與同事、家庭問題可以打斷我們的注意力，而A選項是"如往常六點去學(xué)校"，不是能夠影響到情緒的情況，因此被排除在外，故選A．
23．D 細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Robert Epstein suggests the following，"Stop and listen to some soft music for a few minutes．Find a good friend or a teacher and say out your matter on your mind中的幾點建議可知，要重新集中注意力可以聽些舒緩的音樂而非搖滾樂，深呼吸一次，做些動作不劇烈的運動，向老師或好朋友尋求幫助等，因此選D．
24．B 詞義猜測題，根據(jù)第三段Go for a short walk or take a deep breath，where you breathe in deeply，count to five slowly，hold it and breathe out very slowly．This can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus．"可知聽音樂等的一系列動作可以放松緊張情緒，這樣就能讓你的注意力重新回來，故選 B．
點評 考查學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力．做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
