When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines．But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly to tear them all down and them with greener versions．
An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __ _ energy-efficient (節(jié)能) home to make up for the lost by destroying an old one．
So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time, half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our , offices and other buildings．"You can't deal with climate without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．
With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that over time and let in more outside .
,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升級(jí)) can save more than just the earth; they can help property owners from rising power .
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【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】A
【小題4】C
【小題5】D
【小題6】A
【小題7】C
【小題8】D
【小題9】D
【小題10】A
【小題11】B
【小題12】C
【小題13】A
【小題14】B
【小題15】B
解析試題分析：
本文試圖說(shuō)明，全部拆除老舊房屋代之以新的節(jié)能型房屋是不劃算的，因?yàn)樾滦头课菟鶞p少的排放需要幾十年才能補(bǔ)償拆除舊房屋所損失的資源。對(duì)于老舊房屋做一些簡(jiǎn)單的改變，既能拯救地球，也可讓房主免受資源成本攀升之累。
【小題1】下文提到：那些老舊房屋建造時(shí)投入了大量的能源和資源，新型綠色房屋減少的排放量平均需要65年才能補(bǔ)償拆除老舊房屋損失的資源。所以全部拆除老舊房屋是一種“浪費(fèi)”。故B項(xiàng)正確。
【小題2】拆除老舊房屋，“代之以”相對(duì)綠色的房屋。replace A with B: 用B替代A. 故C項(xiàng)正確。
【小題3】新型節(jié)能型房屋應(yīng)該能夠“減少”碳排放。故答案為A。
【小題4】“新型”節(jié)能型房屋，與“老舊”房屋相對(duì)。故C項(xiàng)正確。
【小題5】文章第二段提到：建造那些老舊房屋投入了大量的energy和resources。而綠色房屋所減少的排放量平均需要65年才能抵充拆除老舊房屋損失的“資源”，包括建筑材料(materials)等有形資源，也包括投入的勞動(dòng)等無(wú)形資源。故答案為D。
【小題6】“幾乎”一半的碳排放來(lái)自家居等處的取暖、制冷以及用電。mostly: in most cases. 多數(shù)情況下。用以修飾動(dòng)詞。nearly: 接近、差不多。程度副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞。故A項(xiàng)正確。
【小題7】第二段提到“新型節(jié)能型home”；常理也告訴我們，居家是人們待的時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的處所。學(xué)校、圖書(shū)館、商店等以”other buildings”概括。故C項(xiàng)最佳。
【小題8】不處理現(xiàn)有建筑帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題就不能處理氣候“變化”問(wèn)題。故D項(xiàng)正確。improvement: 改善、改良。appearance: 外貌、樣貌；出現(xiàn)。stability: 穩(wěn)定性。不合題意�！案纳茪夂颉笔切枰覀�?nèi)ネ瓿傻娜蝿?wù)，不是一個(gè)需要處理的“問(wèn)題”�！皻夂蚍�(wěn)定”更不是“問(wèn)題”。
【小題9】下文提到，39年之前建造的房屋比2000年后建造的房屋每平方英尺要多耗費(fèi)50%能源。這是由于老舊房屋縫隙擴(kuò)大，需要更多能源來(lái)保暖或制冷。所以，年代越是久遠(yuǎn)的房屋，能源使用效率越低。 最老舊的房子當(dāng)然是能源利用效率最低的。故D項(xiàng)正確。least efficient: 效率最低。
【小題10】老舊房屋時(shí)間久遠(yuǎn)，故而縫隙“擴(kuò)大”。expand: 擴(kuò)大、擴(kuò)張。A項(xiàng)正確。
【小題11】縫隙擴(kuò)大，密封程度差，外面的“空氣”就會(huì)進(jìn)來(lái)。故答案為B.
【小題12】拆除浪費(fèi)；不拆也浪費(fèi)�！靶疫\(yùn)的是”，有許多相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的改造方法可以使老舊房屋綠化。A. 相反。B. 不幸的是。C. 幸運(yùn)的是。D. 坦率講。故C項(xiàng)正確。
【小題13】Lincoln’s cottage (林肯的小屋)提示此處選擇historic（有歷史意義的）。故答案為A。
【小題14】對(duì)于老舊房屋能源利用效率的提升，可以使房主免受成本不斷攀升之累。protect sb. from sth. 使某人免受……之苦。charge: 收�。ㄙM(fèi)用）；punish: 懲罰；warn: 警告。均不合題意。B項(xiàng)正確。
【小題15】對(duì)于老舊房屋能源利用效率的提升，可以使房主免受“成本”不斷攀升之累。cost指必須付出的代價(jià)；price指價(jià)格�！皟r(jià)格”上升，并不必然意為著“成本”上升，這要根據(jù)“收入與支出比”來(lái)確定。故B項(xiàng)正確。
考點(diǎn)：說(shuō)明文
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Do you know what I am?
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閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, becomes unhappy. This from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.
The people who are to be happy their attention to the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the things. They are, , continually unsatisfied. By their words, they complain about the pleasure of society, offend many people, and themselves disagreeable (不受歡迎的) everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation (模仿). It grows into a habit, unknown its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and them change this habit.
Although in fact it is chiefly an act of imagination, it has serious in life, since it causes deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most politeness and respect. This puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step speak a word to favor their hopes. If they cause themselves public objections (反對(duì)), no one will or excuse them, and many join to criticize their wrongdoings. These people should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.
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