Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own -words as far as possible.

China accounts for almost 22 percent of the world’s population and is one of the world’s largest and most rapidly growing economies. However, it has only 10 percent of the world’s total cultivated area and is having increasing difficulties in securing water for agricultural purposes.

Despite population growing at an average rate of around one percent a year and its economy at around 9 percent a year since the early 1990s，China has so far maintained approximate self- sufficiency in agricultural products overall, in the sense that exports have been approximately matching imports. In fact, China has been the world’s fourth largest importer after the European Union, the United States and Japan.

The ability of China's agriculture to keep pace with growing demand reflects a few key factors. Yield improvements have been achieved through more intensive use of inputs such as fertilizers, agricultural machinery and irrigation, and the introduction of advanced technologies in agricultural production.

The Chinese government has had a policy of agricultural self-sufficiency. However, China's membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since 2001 could signal a greater preparedness to accept imports and embrace opportunities provided by export markets. Importantly, however, more than three decades of reforms have permitted the market to have a greater influence on what farmers are producing and selling. Reflecting these factors，China has been gradually shifting its agricultural production away from land intensive products，such as cereals, toward higher value, labor intensive products such as meat, fruit, vegetables, eggs, milk, fish and seafood. That is, China is producing more in line with its comparative advantage.

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Answer 1

【答案】China has fed the largest population in the world with its limited cultivated land and has maintained self-sufficiency. Some uses of inputs and advanced technologies have led to agricultural improvement. Since China joined WTO, it has imported more from other countries and it also has shifted its agricultural production from low value to higher value.

【解析】

這是一篇概要寫作。

寫作步驟

1）細(xì)讀原文。首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握文章主旨。文章說明了中國以其有限的耕地養(yǎng)活了世界上最多的人口，并保持了自給自足。一些投入和先進技術(shù)的使用已導(dǎo)致農(nóng)業(yè)的改善。中國加入世貿(mào)組織以來，從其他國家進口的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品越來越多，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)也從低價值向高價值轉(zhuǎn)變。

2）弄清結(jié)構(gòu)，歸納段意。概要寫作是寫全文概要，不是寫某一部分的概要，或者就某些問題寫出要點。

3）列出原文要點。分析原文的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)，將內(nèi)容分項扼要表述并注意在結(jié)構(gòu)上的順序。在此基礎(chǔ)上選出與文章主題密切相關(guān)的部分。

4）在寫作時要特別注意下面幾點：

（1）概要應(yīng)包括原文中的主要事實，略去不必要的細(xì)節(jié)。

（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要應(yīng)同原文保持協(xié)調(diào)，即用較多的文字寫重要內(nèi)容，用較少的文字寫次要內(nèi)容。

（3）注意要點之間的銜接，要用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞語貫通全文，切忌只簡單地寫出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每兩句之間都加關(guān)聯(lián)詞語，以免顯得生硬

（4）不排斥用原文的某些詞句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的話語表達，至少對原文句子做一些同義詞替換，如果結(jié)構(gòu)上也能有一些轉(zhuǎn)換會更好。

（5）計算詞數(shù)，看是否符合規(guī)定的詞數(shù)要求。