Question

1．Different explanations are offered for America's weight problem--a problem increasingly shared by other countries．Almost one-fifth of American children and teenagers are overweight．
Schools have been urged to increase physical education，an important tool for public health．And many have．Yet now comes a study showing an increase in the number of injuries in"physical"class．Injuries increased 150% between 1997 and 2007．The study involved injuries treated in hospital emergency departments．Only 2% were serious．
The researchers did not try to identify the causes of the increase，but they have some theories．Lara McKenzie from Ohio State University was the lead researcher．She says one possibility is a decrease in the number of school nurses during the period they studied．For example，a 2004 study showed that the number of school nurses nationally failed to meet federal guidelines．Schools without a nurse on duty may be more likely to send an injured child to a hospital．
Another possible reason for more injuries is a change in the traditional idea of physical education．This"New P．E．"expands the kinds of sports that are taught．But activities that some schools offer now，like rock climbing walls and skateboarding，can also expand the risks，says Cheryl Richardson．She is with the National Association for Sport and Physical Education．Also，she says not all states require P．E．teachers to be specially trained．Untrained teachers could be less likely to recognize unsafe conditions．Cheryl Richardson also points to one of the study's findings--that injuries are often the result of contact with a person or a structure．This tells her that the teachers were not giving each student enough space to move around safely．
Six activities produced seventy percent of all injuries：running，basketball，football，volleyball，soccer and gymnastics．
The researchers say larger class sizes are another possible reason for the increase in injuries．Larger classes can mean less supervision．

57．The passage is mainly aboutB．
 A．different explanations for America's overweight
 B．the possibilities for the increasing number of injuries in P．E．classes
 C．The"New P．E．"offered in American schools
 D．the decrease of the number of American school nurses
58．What Cheryl Richardson says implies she is in favor of the idea thatD．
 A．the school injuries are not common in America
 B．P．E．teachers should be responsible for the school injuries
 C．school nurses are in great need in America
 D．a(chǎn)ll P．E．teachers should be specially trained
59．The P．E．a(chǎn)ctivities that cause most of the school injuries areB．
 A．rock climbing，running，basketball，football，volleyball and soccer
 B．running，basketball，football，volleyball，soccer and gymnastics
 C．skateboarding，running，basketball，football，soccer and gymnastics
 D．skateboarding，rock climbing，high jump，basketball，football and volleyball
60．P．E．a(chǎn)ctivities for large class sizes are more likely to cause injuries because_A．
 A．P．E．teachers have more difficulty taking care of every student
 B．students are more free to move around on campus
 C．students don't have enough space to have P．E．a(chǎn)ctivities
 D．students have more spare time to spend alone．

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇說明文．文章主要闡述的是有關體育課上受傷數(shù)量不斷增長的可能性．很多國家都存在孩子和青少年體重超重的問題，為此學校被敦促要增加體育課，調(diào)查顯示在體育課上受傷數(shù)量不斷增長．可能性之一是學校校醫(yī)數(shù)量的下降，對體育課教育的傳統(tǒng)思想的改變也是可能性之一，新的體育活動的增設也增添了風險；并不是所有額體育教師都受過專業(yè)培訓；班級人數(shù)的擴大也增加了老師上課和監(jiān)管的難度．

解答 57-60：BDBA
57．B    主旨大意題．縱觀全文可知，文章主要闡述的是有關體育課上受傷數(shù)量不斷增長的可能性．故選B．
58．D    推理判斷題．根據(jù)第三段中的"she says not all states require P．E．teachers to be specially trained．Untrained teachers could be less likely to recognize unsafe conditions．"可知，Cheryl Richardson 表示并不是所有的體育教師都受過專業(yè)培訓，未受過專業(yè)培訓的老師不可能意識到安全隱患，即所有的體育老師最好都要接受專業(yè)培訓，故選D．
59．B     細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第四段中的"Six activities produced seventy percent of all injuries：running，basketball，football，volleyball，soccer and gymnastics"可知，容易引發(fā)體育課上受傷的一些活動有：跑步、打籃球、踢足球、打排球、和體操等，故選B．
60．A    細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段中的"Larger classes can mean less supervision．"可知，班級人數(shù)的擴大也增加了老師上課和監(jiān)管的難度，故選A．

點評 解答細節(jié)理解題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關鍵詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案；推理判斷題既要求學生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點．