【題目】The world’s longest 3rd deepest railway underground passage, the Gotthard Base Tunnel, opened on 1 June 2016 after many years of construction. Trains can travel at speeds of up to 250 km an hour through the 57 km long tunnel. It took 17 years to complete and cost $12 billion. A total of 2,600 workers involved in building the tunnel had to excavate more than 28 million tons of rocks. Nine people died during the construction. The engineering milestone will bring southern Germany and northern Italy closer together.

Gattardino shuttle trains will be running between the two endpoints of the tunnel and make a stop at Sedrun, a mountain station in the middle. 65 passenger and 240 freight(貨物) trains are expected to travel through the tunnel every day. The Gotthard Base Tunnel will reduce the time it takes trains to pass through the Alps, which have been a natural barrier to travel. In the past traders and merchants had to use mountain passes to travel from north to south. The first Gotthard rail tunnel opened in 1882, but as time went on, it could not handle the growing traffic.

In the 1990s, Swiss citizens approved of a government plan to build a new tunnel. The main purpose of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is to increase local transport capacity(容量) through the Alpine barrier, especially for freight. This not only significantly reduces the danger of deadly road crashes involving trucks, but also reduces the environmental damage caused by the ever-increasing amount of freight carried by heavy trucks. The new tunnel is expected to reduce road traffic crossing the Alps as more and more truck companies will put their freight on Swiss trains.

【1】Which of the following can replace the underlined word “excavate” in Paragraph 1?

A. bury B. wash C. weigh D. remove

【2】What is the main purpose of building the tunnel through the Alps?

A. To allow more trains to pass through. B. To enlarge the mountain passes.

C. To control the growing road traffic. D. To reduce the cost of truck companies.

【3】What can we learn from the text?

A. Gottardino shuttle trains will run through the tunnel without stopping.

B. More passenger trains will travel through the tunnel than freight trains.

C. Constructing the tunnel can be hard and dangerous.

D. There is only one rail tunnel running through the Alps.

【4】Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A travel guide. B. A fiction story. C. A fashion magazine. D. A news report.

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】本文是一篇新聞，主要介紹了穿越阿爾卑斯山脈的圣哥達(dá)鐵路隧道的修建工作及其作用。

【1】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在的句子“A total of 2600 workers involved in building the tunnel had to excavate more than 28 million tons of rocks.”可知，總共有2600名工人移除了28百萬噸的石頭，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“移除、弄走”，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The main purpose of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is to increase local transport capacity through the Alpine barrier,especially for freight.”可知，修建圣哥達(dá)鐵路隧道的目的是為了增加當(dāng)?shù)氐蔫F路運(yùn)輸能力，也就是讓更多的列車穿過阿爾卑斯山脈，故A項(xiàng)正確。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“.It look 17 years to complete and cost $12 billion.A total of 2600 workers involved in building the tunnel had to excavate more than 28 million tons of rocks.Nine people died during The construction.The engineering milestone will bring southern Germany and northern Italy closer together.”可知，圣哥達(dá)鐵路隧道的修建歷時(shí)17年，總共有2600名工人開鑿了28百萬噸的石頭，還有9個(gè)人在建設(shè)中死亡，由此可見圣哥達(dá)鐵路隧道的修建是艱難并且危險(xiǎn)的，故C項(xiàng)正確。

【4】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了穿越阿爾卑斯山脈的圣哥達(dá)鐵路隧道的修建工作及其作用，屬于新聞范疇，最有可能出自新聞報(bào)道，故D項(xiàng)正確。

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