8.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning,you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. (51)Instead,you would see plenty of animals with people running after them.Life for ancient people's earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.
In modern times,when food is available in grocery stores,finding love is more (52)central in people's lives.The (53)proof is all around us.It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love.An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.
Researchers are studying whether love,a highly valued emotional state,can be (54)created.They ask,what is love?Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth,but clean teeth go only so far.Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved.You have probably heard that opposites attract but that (55)similarities attract,too.One thing is certain:The truth about love is not yet set in stone.
First Impression
To help determine the (56)ingredients of attraction,researchers paired 164college classmates and had them talk for 3,6or 10minutes so they could get a sense of each other's individuality.Then students were asked to (57)predict what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners.After nine weeks,they reported what happened.
As it turned out,their (58)initialjudgements often held true.Students seemed to (59)distinguishat an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
The (60)NoseKnows
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction.Many animals give off pheromones-natural chemicals that can be detected by,and then can produce a response in,other animals of the same species.Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling (61)opento partnerships.In contrast,humans do not seem to be as (62)gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals.Smell,however,does seem to play a part in human attraction.Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously,we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Face Value
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors,including seeing something we find attractive.Researchers had people judge faces for(63)attractiveness.The participants had 0.013seconds to view each face,yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces.The way we (64)assessattractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.
When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations,people responded to(65)positive  words faster after viewing an attractive face.Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.

51.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Otherwise
52.A.romanticB.stressfulC.centralD.beneficial
53.A.priorityB.proofC.possibilityD.principle
54.A.testedB.imposedC.changedD.created
55.A.a(chǎn)ppearancesB.virtuesC.similaritiesD.passions
56.A.illustrationsB.imaginationsC.ingredientsD.instructions
57.A.predictB.investigateC.diagnoseD.recall
58.A.criticalB.initialC.randomD.mature
59.A.memorizeB.distinguishC.negotiateD.question
60.A.NoseB.EyeC.HeartD.Hand
61.A.openB.a(chǎn)lertC.resistantD.superior
62.A.disappointedB.a(chǎn)mazedC.confusedD.gifted
63.A.emotionB.a(chǎn)ttractivenessC.individualityD.signals
64.A.enhanceB.possessC.maintainD.a(chǎn)ssess
65.A.familiarB.plainC.positiveD.insulting.

分析 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,闡述了什么是愛.主要通過(guò)原始人的壁畫通常是食物而不是愛情引出現(xiàn)代人對(duì)于愛情的感知和態(tài)度.古代和現(xiàn)代的人追求不同,現(xiàn)代人追求的是愛,但是科學(xué)家依然對(duì)愛還不是很清楚.

解答 51.A 考查副詞辨析.根據(jù)空格前后的句式結(jié)構(gòu),可以知道,前面用的是you would notdetect …,后面用的是you would see,使用的動(dòng)詞不同,結(jié)構(gòu)相同.由于前面有not,后面沒有,所以可知此處表達(dá)為意思相反,故選A.
52.C   考查形容詞辨析.根據(jù)"Life for ancient people's earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals."及"In modern times,finding love is more"可知,古代人的生活似乎在狩獵和采集野生食物為膳食中心.這兒是把古代和現(xiàn)代的情況進(jìn)行對(duì)比,前一句用"center"后一句用"central   中心的;主要的",故選C.
53.B 考查名詞以辨析.  后兩句的意思是:很容易準(zhǔn)備一系列的有關(guān)愛的現(xiàn)代故事.在當(dāng)前的流行文化中,無(wú)數(shù)的故事和電影歸類為愛情故事.根據(jù)這兩句的意思,結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境可知道本句的意思就是有很多證明的例子,故選proof.
54.D 考查動(dòng)詞辨析.  根據(jù)本段的最后一句話"One thing is certain:The truth about love is not yet set in stone.確定了一件事情是:愛的真理還不確定"可知,科學(xué)家研究的是愛是否能夠創(chuàng)造,而不應(yīng)該是測(cè)試,改變或者是強(qiáng)加.其中setin stone 就像中文里說(shuō)的"板上釘釘",表示絕對(duì)不變.故選D.
55.C 考查名詞辨析.  根據(jù)劃線部分前面的連詞but 可以判斷,前后是轉(zhuǎn)折的意思,而opposites意為相反的,所以答案為相似的.故選C.
56.C 考查名詞辨析.  illustrations 意為說(shuō)明,implications意為含義;暗示;牽連,卷入;可能的結(jié)果,影響,ingredients 意為成分,intentions意為意圖,目的.根據(jù)小標(biāo)題First Impression (第一印象)以及后面所描述的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法、內(nèi)容和結(jié)果,可知,實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是決定吸引力的成分.故選C.
57.A    考查動(dòng)詞辨析.根據(jù)第四段"After nine weeks,they reported what happened."可知,九周之后,他們報(bào)道發(fā)生了什么情況?可以知道這些是還沒有發(fā)生的事情,也就是預(yù)測(cè)的東西,"predict  預(yù)測(cè)"
,故選A.
58.B    考查形容詞辨析.根據(jù)57題中預(yù)測(cè)的東西可知,預(yù)測(cè)的東西相對(duì)而言是原始的,最初的判斷."initial 最初的,原始的",故選B.
59.B 考查動(dòng)詞辨析. 根據(jù)前一句話的意思"結(jié)果證明他們最初的判斷是正確的",該句要表達(dá)的意思和前一句相同,也就是說(shuō)"學(xué)生似乎能夠在早期區(qū)別適合他們的生活人".故選B.
60.A 考查名詞辨析.  根據(jù)空格處的詞是小標(biāo)題,是對(duì)本段的高度概括.它往往在句首或句末找答案.在本段的最后兩句話都提到了一個(gè)詞smell(嗅覺),四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中和嗅覺有關(guān)的詞只有A,故選A.
61.A 考查形容詞辨析.根據(jù)前面的搭配either…or…要么…,要么,表明此處是一個(gè)反義表達(dá).前面使用的是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),那么后面應(yīng)該是一種開放,也就是坦誠(chéng)以對(duì).故選A.
62.D 考查形容詞辨析. 根據(jù)In contrast(相反)以及后文"Althoughwe may not be aware of chemicals 盡管我們沒有意識(shí)到",結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境知道,在這里表達(dá)人類沒有像動(dòng)物那么有天賦.故選D.
63.B 考查名詞辨析. 根據(jù)上一句話最后一個(gè)單詞attractive,結(jié)合上下文知道此處的答案和這個(gè)單詞attractive是同根重現(xiàn),所以答案是attractiveness.故選B.
64.D 考查動(dòng)詞辨析. 根據(jù)該句是本段的總結(jié),前面提到的是研究者做的吸引力實(shí)驗(yàn),最后得出的結(jié)論就是我們?cè)u(píng)估吸 引力的方法自動(dòng)的.這是評(píng)估的方法,而不能是擁有,維持,或者是加強(qiáng),所以答案為assess,故選D.
65.C  考查形容詞辨析. 根據(jù)最后一句的表達(dá)"Seeingsomething attractive seems to cause happy thinking.看一些吸引力的事情似乎能夠?qū)е驴鞓?lè)的思考."不能得出答案的表達(dá)應(yīng)該是一種快樂(lè)思考,所以答案為positive積極的.故選C.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 解答此類題目可遵循以下步驟:第一步,通讀全文,了解文章大意,獲得整體印象,同時(shí)初選出一批較有把握的答案.第二步,邊核對(duì)初選答案邊補(bǔ)填留下的空格.如果短文難度較大,則可復(fù)讀幾遍,核對(duì)和確定答案.有些空一時(shí)決定不了,可作個(gè)記號(hào),待復(fù)查時(shí)再確定. 第三步,復(fù)查定稿.從整體理解角度出發(fā),仔細(xì)審核答案,確保意義上、語(yǔ)法上沒有錯(cuò)誤,同時(shí)對(duì)遺留下來(lái)的少數(shù)幾個(gè)空格作最后選擇.

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