Question

Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years more and more research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest  infancy （嬰兒）, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys. The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often and will come back to again and again. Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited(遺傳的) abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby's ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.
The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling(亂涂) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others．
By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed —to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
小題1:The writer wants us to understand that a child_______.

A．cannot grow up without toys	B．matures（使成熟） through play
C．uses toys as friends	D．has to be taught how to play

小題2:According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ________.

A．determine his character

B．will not change after the age of three

C．partly determine the standard he is likely to reach

D．to a large extent determine the choice of toys

小題3:The passage tells us that children are the most curious when they are about______.

A．two years old

B．one year old

C．six years old

D．four years old

小題4:The article is about_______.

A．the importance of play

B．the importance of books

C．the relationship between play and work

D．children’s speech development

Answer 1

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A

試題分析：本文主要講述的是通過(guò)玩，孩子可以學(xué)到很多的餓知識(shí)。玩在孩子的發(fā)展過(guò)程中起著很重要的作用。
小題1:B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段1,2行Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years more and more research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.說(shuō)明本文主要講述的是通過(guò)玩，孩子可以學(xué)到很多的餓知識(shí)。玩在孩子的發(fā)展過(guò)程中起著很重要的作用。故B正確。
小題2:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段1,2,3三行In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited(遺傳的) abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life.說(shuō)明C正確。
小題3:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.
說(shuō)明在3-5歲之間孩子是好奇心最重的，故D正確。
小題4:A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容所敘，是關(guān)于在各個(gè)年齡段中玩對(duì)于孩子的成長(zhǎng)的重要性。故A正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文敘述了玩在孩子的發(fā)展中的重要性，文章基本上是考查細(xì)節(jié)題，對(duì)此類(lèi)題型考生可以首先從問(wèn)題中找到關(guān)鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。