Question

Beauty has always been regarded as something admirable. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal consultants (顧問) give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive persons. But in the executive circle (政界), beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive thing for a man’s rise, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to be the reasons for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives.
Why are attractive woman not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.
This is true even in politics. Anne Bowman recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates (候選人). She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked lo rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the woman who had been ranked most attractive always received the fewest votes.
小題1:In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness _____.

A．strengthens the feminine qualities required

B．makes women look more honest and capable

C．is of great importance to women

D．often enables women to succeed quickly

小題2:Bowman’s experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _____.

A．turns out to be an obstacle to men

B．a(chǎn)ffects men and women alike

C．has as little effect on men as on women

D．is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women

小題3:It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beauty are often _____.

A．practical

B．old-fashioned

C．prejudiced (偏見的)

D．serious

小題4:The author writes this passage to _____.

A．discuss the negative aspects of being attractive

B．give advice to job-seekers who are attractive

C．demand equal rights for women

D．emphasize the importance of appearance

Answer 1

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:A

小題1:推斷題。由文章第三段可知，人們覺得有魅力的女人比不那么有魅力的女人要更有女人特質(zhì)。因此，在傳統(tǒng)上女人所從事的工作中，有魅力的女人具有一定的優(yōu)勢。但在傳統(tǒng)上男人所從事的工作中，有魅力的女人看起來缺乏所需的男性特質(zhì)。由此可推出，在傳統(tǒng)上女人所從事的工作中，魅力加強了所需的女人特質(zhì)。A項符合題意。
小題2:推斷題。由文章最后一段可知，有魅力的男性徹底擊敗了缺乏魅力的男性。而那些被認為最有魅力的女性常常得到最少的選票。由此可推出，在政界中，對于女性來說，魅力是一個障礙，而不是益處。
小題3:推斷題。由文章第—段可知，幾乎每個入都認為有魅力的人比別人更幸福健康。他們的婚姻更美滿，并且擁有更令人尊敬的職業(yè)。在找工作方面，私人顧問給他們更好的建議。甚至法官對于有魅力的被告都手下留情。由此可推出，人們對美的看法往往是帶偏見的，而沒有事實的依據(jù)。
小題4:主旨題。本文雖然也講述了魅力的許多積極方面，但那不是文章的主要方面。文章主要敘述了魅力給行政部門和政界中的女性所造成的不利因素。由此可見，作者寫這篇文章是要討論有魅力的消極方面。