Question

【題目】 The Ayaidah, a Bedouin tribe in north-eastern Egypt, is the last to practice the Bisha’h to determine whether a suspect (嫌疑犯) in a crime is innocent or guilty. They have to lick (舔) a red-hot spoon in the presence of officials. They are guilty, 【1】.

Believed to date back to ancient Mesopotamia, Bisha’h was used by most Bedouin tribes (部落) throughout the centuries, but all except the Ayaidah eventually abandoned it. 【2】. Considered by many of the world’s oldest rude system, Bisha’h was mostly used in situations where a crime was committed, but there were no witnesses. Suspects had to lick a heated spoon to prove their innocence.

The principle behind Bisha’h is that a lying person is nervous and has a dry mouth. 【3】. If they are innocent, they are relaxed, so the saliva (唾液) on the tongue will protect it against the red-hot metal.

【4】. This way not only causes physical harm to suspects, but also often leads to their mental damage.

Today, the Bisha’h is used as a last way, 【5】. It’s also used as a way of scaring suspects into admitting their crimes. For example, if the suspects admit what they had done, there is no need to move on with the Bisha’h. That is considered another weakness of this lie detection system, as some people will accept the blame if it means not having to lick hot metal to prove they are innocent.

A. if their tongue is hurt seriously

B. when they have used these methods

C. So their tongues will be burned by the hot metal

D. when there is no other proof or witnesses available

E. All the countries like the way of punishment

F. This way of punishment is banned in countries like Jordan and Saudi Arabia

G. However, those who are against the punishment think that it is not always the case

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】F

【3】C

【4】G

【5】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了埃及東北部的貝都因部落是最后一個(gè)使用比莎儀式來判定犯罪嫌疑人是否有罪的部落。

【1】根據(jù)前文“The Ayaidah, a Bedouin tribe in north-eastern Egypt, is the last to practice the Bisha’h to determine whether a suspect (嫌疑犯) in a crime is innocent or guilty.( 埃及東北部的貝都因部落Ayaidah是最后一個(gè)使用比莎儀來判定犯罪嫌疑人是無(wú)辜還是有罪的部落。)可知，本段在介紹這種判定是否犯罪的儀式，那么設(shè)空句應(yīng)對(duì)這種儀式是如何判斷的作出解釋，選項(xiàng)A“if their tongue is hurt seriously(如果他們的舌頭受傷嚴(yán)重)”結(jié)合空前內(nèi)容為判定方法。故選A項(xiàng)。

【2】根據(jù)前文“all except the Ayaidah eventually abandoned it.( 除了Ayaidah，所有部落最終都放棄了這一儀式)”,可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)會(huì)提及有哪些國(guó)家或部落放棄這一儀式作為舉例。選項(xiàng)F “This way of punishment is banned in countries like Jordan and Saudi Arabia.( 這種懲罰方式在約旦和沙特阿拉伯是禁止的)”符合語(yǔ)境分析。故選F項(xiàng)。

【3】根據(jù)后文“If they are innocent, they are relaxed, so the saliva on the tongue will protect it against the red-hot metal.”可知這里在對(duì)比說明無(wú)辜的人和撒謊的人在這個(gè)儀式中的不同表現(xiàn)和后果，無(wú)辜的人的唾液會(huì)保護(hù)舌頭免受傷害，撒謊的人就會(huì)受傷（So their tongues will be burned by the hot metal）。故選C項(xiàng)。

【4】根據(jù)后文“This way not only causes physical harm to suspects, but also often leads to their mental damage.( 這種方式不僅對(duì)犯罪嫌疑人造成身體上的傷害，而且往往導(dǎo)致其精神上的傷害。)”講述了其危害，可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是在表達(dá)“反對(duì)這項(xiàng)儀式”。選項(xiàng)G“However, those who are against the punishment think that it is not always the case(然而，那些反對(duì)懲罰的人認(rèn)為情況并不總是如此)”，句中既有“however”承接上文表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比，又提出了“反對(duì)”。故選G項(xiàng)。

【5】根據(jù)前文“Today, the Bisha’ h is used as a last way(今天，比沙被用作最后一種方式)”可知，它作為最后一種“不得不”的方式存在應(yīng)該是在沒有證據(jù)或證人的情況下使用的。選項(xiàng)D“ when there is no other proof or witnesses available(沒有其他證據(jù)或者證人的)”為使用條件，符合語(yǔ)境分析。故選D項(xiàng)。