Question

According to the Ministry of Health, 260 million Chinese people have chronic（慢性）diseases, and 85 percent of all deaths in China are caused by such diseases．Among them, cardiovascular（心血管的）disease has bothered more people than any other kind of chronic disease．

According to the WHO（World Health Organization), salt consumption（消耗）, one of the key causes of high blood pressure that can lead to cardiovascular disease, is much higher in China than in other countries．

Douglas Bettcher, the director of the WHO’s Tobacco Free Initiative, says, “The average Chinese person consumes about 12 to 14 grams （of salt) per day, while the suggestion of the WHO is consumption of less than 5 grams per day．High salt consumption is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and high pressure in China．

Changing the way that food is prepared could reduce salt consumption in China．

Another major risk factor in China is smoking．Dr Michael O’Leary, a representative of the WHO, says, “We know already that one million deaths in China are related to smoking, This is an enormous number．It means that we are seeing nearly 3000 deaths a day in China, or two deaths every minute, related to smoking．

According to O’Leary, about 26 percent of men who die from smoking-related diseases in China die before the age of 60．People who can still contribute a great deal, in other words, are dying too young．

China has tried to ban smoking , but more efforts are needed．

More than half of chronic diseases are preventable by changing lifestyles and reducing risks．The four key risk factors are: smoking, diets high in fats, salt and sugar, environments that prevent physical activities, and alcohol consumption．These are the areas on which efforts to make changes need to concentrate．

1.Which of the following is more in China than in other countries?

A．The amount of salt consumed

B．The number of deaths caused by high blood pressure．

C．The number of people with cardiovascular disease．

D．The number of people with high blood pressure．

2.According to the WHO, how much salt should a Chinese person consume?

A．About 12 to 14 grams per day．

B．Less than 5 grams per day．

C．About 17 to 19 grams per day．

D．About 7 to 9 grams per day．

3.Why does O’Leary mention “26 percent of men” in Paragraph 6?

A．To show China needs to try to ban smoking．

B．To show smoking causes the deaths of elderly people．

C．To show smoking causes the deaths of too many young people．

D．To show the number of smoking-related deaths in China is large．

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．There are four causes of chronic diseases．

B．The change in lifestyles can prevent some chronic diseases．

C．No smoking or alcohol means no chronic diseases．

D．If we do physical activities, we will have no chronic diseases．

Answer 1

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】

試題分析:本文講訴的是2.6億的中國人有慢性疾病，百分之85的人都死于這些慢性疾病。其中死亡率較高的是心血管疾病和抽煙。因此作者提倡改變自己的生活方式和飲食習慣來使身體更加健康，生命得到延長。

1.1】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段：According to the WHO（World Health Organization), salt consumption（消耗）, one of the key causes of high blood pressure that can lead to cardiovascular disease, is much higher in China than in other countries．句意：根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織，食鹽的消耗，一個導致高血壓乃至心血管疾病的主要因素，在中國比其他國家都高。故選A.

2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段：The average Chinese person consumes about 12 to 14 grams （of salt) per day, while the suggestion of the WHO is consumption of less than 5 grams per day．句意：中國人每人每天的平均鹽消耗量在12到14克，而世界衛(wèi)生組織的建議消耗量：每天應少于少5克。故選B.

3.3】C細節(jié)推理題。第六段大意：根據(jù)歐里力所說，在中國，百分之26的男人在60歲之前死于和抽煙相關的疾病。那些仍能夠為這個數(shù)字作貢獻的人們，換句話說，都死的太年輕。可知抽煙導致大量的年輕人死亡。故選C.

4.4】B細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段：More than half of chronic diseases are preventable by changing lifestyles and reducing risks．句意：超過一半以上的慢性病都可以通過改變生活方式和減小風險來被預防。故選B.

考點：考查說明文閱讀