Except for the sun, the moon looks like the biggest object in the sky. Actually it is one of the smallest, and only looks big because it is so near to us. Its diameter(直徑) is only 2,160 miles (3,339 km) ,or a little more than a quarter of the diameter of the earth.
Once a month, or more exactly, once every 29.5 days, at the time we call “full moon”, its whole disc looks bright. At other times only part of it appears bright, and we always find that this is the part which faces towards the sun, while the part racing away from the sun appears dark. People could make their pictures better if they kept this in mind — only those parts of the moon which are lighted up by the sun are brighter. This shows that the moon gives no light of its own. It only throws back the light of the sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky.
Yet the dark part of the moon’s surface is not completely black; usually it is just light enough for us to be able to see its shape, so that we speak of seeing “the old moon in the new moon’s arms”. The light by which we see the old moon does not come from the sun, but from the earth. We know well how the surface of the sea or of snow, or even of a wet road, may throw back uncomfortably much of the sun’s light on to our faces. In the same way the surface of the whole earth throws back enough of the sun’s light on to the face of the moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which would otherwise be dark.
1. Why is the dark part of the moon not completely black?
A. The sun shines on the moon’s surface.
B. The earth throws back sunlight on to the moon.
C. The moon throws back the light from the sun.
D. The moon has light of its own.
2. The underlined word “disc” in the second paragraph refers to _______.
A. a round plate B. a round record
C. the moon that reflects sunlight D. the moon which looks like a round plate
3. By saying “the old moon in the new moon’s arms” , we mean a time when ______.
A. the two moons are closely linked
B. the new moon is at its brightest
C. the moon is partly bright and partly dark
D. the new moon is hugging the old moon
4. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The moon which appears round at its brightest is called full moon.
B. The moon’s diameter is exactly one fourth of that of the earth.
C. The light by which we see the old moon comes from the sun
D. The part of the moon which is not lighted by the sun is completely dark.
1.B 推理判斷題,可用邏輯推斷法來解。由原文最后一句In the same way the surface of the whole earth throws back enough of the sun’s light on to the face of the moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which would otherwise be dark.可以推出,月亮暗的一面之所以不完全暗是因為地球?qū)⒁徊糠痔柟饩反射到它上面。
2.A 語境詞義判斷題,可用語境詞義推斷法來解。認真閱讀分析該詞所在句可知,disc與full moon關(guān)系密切,可見其應指圓盤。
3.C 推理判斷題,可用邏輯推斷法來解。由第三節(jié)首句Yet the dark part of the moon’s surface is not completely black; usually it is just light enough for us to be able to see its shape, so that we speak of seeing “the old moon in the new moon’s arms”.可推出答案。
4.A 細節(jié)判斷題,可用直接就題找文法來解。認真閱讀分析原文可知,A內(nèi)容符合原文事實,但B、C、D內(nèi)容不符合原文事實。
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C.It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modem society.
D.Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.
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In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty (貧困), and only the rich could manage without great 36 . Three of those rich men and their servants were 37 together on a road when they came to a very 38 village.
The first could not stand seeing the poverty, 39 he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons (四輪載重馬車) and shared 40 out among the villagers. He wished them all the best of luck, and he left.
The second rich man, seeing the 41 situation, stopped for a short time and gave 42 all his food and drink, since he 43 see that money would be of little 44 to them. He made sure that they each 45 their fair share and would have enough food to 46 for some time. Then, he left.
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However, three days later, they 51 the third rich man, who was coming in the opposite direction. He was 52 travelling quickly, but his wagons, 53 the gold and valuables they had been 54 , were now full of farming tools and bags of 55 . He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
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14.A. whether B. how C. where D. when
15.A. good B. certain C. true D. strange
16.A. welcomed B. met C. accepted D. persuaded
17.A. still B. already C. always D. indeed
18.A. except for B. instead of C. apart from D. along with
19.A. loading B. treasuring C. carrying D. earning
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