A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany．

The researchers found in a series of linked studies - using a messy desk and a messy shop front - that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand.

Visual and mental clutter（阻塞） forces human beings to focus and think more clearly.

Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious（聲名狼藉的） for their untidy desks.

“Messy desks may not be as detrimental（有害的） as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can improve work efficiency or increase employees' creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.

“Business and government managers often promote 'clean desk' policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity,” writes lead researcher Jia Liu of the University of Groningen in a paper published in the Journal of Consumer Research.

“This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one's mind and complicate one's judgments.”

“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind.”

The scientists tested people's response in various 'messy' environments - including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task 'reminded' people of messiness.

The authors found in the series of six studies people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.

“They categorized （分類(lèi)） products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that shows a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices.” said the researchers.

1. The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that _____．

A．A messy desk cannot contribute to clearer thinking

B．People thought more clearly about a messy desk and a shop front

C．People will feel confused when all around are chaos

D．People manage to simplify the tasks in messy environments

2. Why does the author take Albert Einstein as an example?

A．to support the idea that clearer thinking comes from messy environment．

B．to tell the fact that Einstein was known for his untidy desks．

C．to stop us from learning from Albert Einstein．

D．to call on us to develop a good habit．

3.How do people look at messy environment according to the conventional wisdom?

A．Messy environment will create clearer thinking．

B．Messy environment will simplify one' s judgment．

C．Messy environment can promote work efficiency．

D．Messy environment can block one' s mind．

4. What does the last paragraph imply?

A．People believe messy environment creates clearer thinking．

B．People sought more simplicity in the choices．

C．People were not willing to choose those complicated products．

D．Not all the people accept messy environment and complicated things

 

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.D

【解析】

試題分析：本文敘述了德國(guó)的研究人員日前表示，凌亂的辦公桌其實(shí)可以讓員工思維更清晰。視覺(jué)和心理的雜亂會(huì)迫使人們集中精力，而且更能理清思路。

1.段落大意題。根據(jù)The researchers found in a series of linked studies - using a messy desk and a messy shop front - that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)在一系列相連的研究——使用一個(gè)凌亂的書(shū)桌和一個(gè)混亂的店面——實(shí)際上人們的思想更加清楚，故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)來(lái)支持他的觀(guān)點(diǎn)凌亂的環(huán)境而是思維更加清晰，故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one's mind and complicate one's judgments故選 D。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)并不是所有的人接受混亂的環(huán)境和變復(fù)雜的事情，故選D。

考點(diǎn)：科普類(lèi)短文閱讀。

點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章由若干段話(huà)組成，要求給每段話(huà)歸納段落大意，意即找出該段的中心思想、主旨。本題型不是讓你寫(xiě)出每段話(huà)的段落大意，這樣不好評(píng)判對(duì)錯(cuò)。而是要求從選項(xiàng)列表中選擇。在現(xiàn)在的考試中，選項(xiàng)的數(shù)目往往大大多于文章中段落的數(shù)目，也就是說(shuō)，有很多干擾選項(xiàng)。讀每段話(huà)時(shí)，要抓住該段話(huà)的主題句和核心詞匯，正確答案常常是主題句的改寫(xiě)。讀每段話(huà)時(shí)，并不是該段話(huà)全要仔細(xì)閱讀。這樣，既浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，也不容易抓住重點(diǎn)。應(yīng)該抓住該段話(huà)的主題句。

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：河南省豫東、豫北十所名校2012年高三測(cè)試(四)英語(yǔ)試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean desk－but it seems that in terms of productivity, they could have it all wrong．A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany．

　　The researchers found in a series of linked studies－using a messy desk and a messy shop Front-that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand．Visual and mental clutter forces human beings to focus and think more clearly．Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious(臭名昭著的)for their untidy desks．

　　" Messy desks may not be as unfavorable as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can boost work efficiency or enhance employees' creativity in problem solving, "say the authors．

　　" Strangely, the effect seems to work most on conservatives(保守的人)－political liberals are less liable to be worried about mess in the first place, "say the researchers．

　　"Business and government managers often promote 'clean desk' policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity," wrote the lead researcher Jia Liu of the University of Groningen in a paper published in the Journal a/Consumer Research．"This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can confuse one' s mind and complicate one' s judgment．However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind．"

　　The scientists tested people' s response in various "messy" environments－including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task " reminded" people of messiness．

　　The authors found in the series of six studies that people tended towards simplicity in their thinking．

　　" They categorized products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that depicts a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices," said the researchers．

(1)

Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl are mentioned in Para．2 to ________．

[　　]

A．

show they are well-known people in the world

B．

tell us they are both thought to enjoy tidy desks

C．

prove that messy desks lead to clear thinking

D．

persuade people to work in a tidy environment

(2)

What is the conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind?

[　　]

A．

A messy environment results in a messy mind．

B．

A messy environment can't confuse one' s mind．

C．

A messy environment can simplify one' s judgment．

D．

A messy environment has nothing to do with judgment．

(3)

Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

A messy environment is related to a messy thinking．

B．

Messy desks in the office can actually help employees．

C．

New findings about how to improve one' s productivity．

D．

Some useful advice on how to improve one' s judgment．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年福建省南安一中高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany．
The researchers found in a series of linked studies - using a messy desk and a messy shop front - that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand.
Visual and mental clutter（阻塞） forces human beings to focus and think more clearly.
Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious（聲名狼藉的） for their untidy desks.
“Messy desks may not be as detrimental（有害的） as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can improve work efficiency or increase employees' creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.
“Business and government managers often promote 'clean desk' policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity,” writes lead researcher Jia Liu of the University of Groningen in a paper published in the Journal of Consumer Research.
“This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one's mind and complicate one's judgments.”
“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind.”
The scientists tested people's response in various 'messy' environments - including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task 'reminded' people of messiness.
The authors found in the series of six studies people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.
“They categorized （分類(lèi)） products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that shows a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices.” said the researchers.
【小題1】 The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that _____．

A．A messy desk cannot contribute to clearer thinking
B．People thought more clearly about a messy desk and a shop front
C．People will feel confused when all around are chaos
D．People manage to simplify the tasks in messy environments
【小題2】 Why does the author take Albert Einstein as an example?
A．to support the idea that clearer thinking comes from messy environment．
B．to tell the fact that Einstein was known for his untidy desks．
C．to stop us from learning from Albert Einstein．
D．to call on us to develop a good habit．
【小題3】How do people look at messy environment according to the conventional wisdom?
A．Messy environment will create clearer thinking．
B．Messy environment will simplify one' s judgment．
C．Messy environment can promote work efficiency．
D．Messy environment can block one' s mind．
【小題4】 What does the last paragraph imply?
A．People believe messy environment creates clearer thinking．
B．People sought more simplicity in the choices．
C．People were not willing to choose those complicated products．
D．Not all the people accept messy environment and complicated things

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A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany．
The researchers found in a series of linked studies - using a messy desk and a messy shop front - that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand.
Visual and mental clutter（阻塞） forces human beings to focus and think more clearly.
Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious（聲名狼藉的） for their untidy desks.
“Messy desks may not be as detrimental（有害的） as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can improve work efficiency or increase employees' creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.
“Business and government managers often promote 'clean desk' policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity,” writes lead researcher Jia Liu of the University of Groningen in a paper published in the Journal of Consumer Research.
“This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one's mind and complicate one's judgments.”
“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind.”
The scientists tested people's response in various 'messy' environments - including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task 'reminded' people of messiness.
The authors found in the series of six studies people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.
“They categorized （分類(lèi)） products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that shows a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices.” said the researchers

  1. 1.

    The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that _____．

    1. A.
      A messy desk cannot contribute to clearer thinking
    2. B.
      People thought more clearly about a messy desk and a shop front
    3. C.
      People will feel confused when all around are chaos
    4. D.
      People manage to simplify the tasks in messy environments
  2. 2.

    Why does the author take Albert Einstein as an example?

    1. A.
      to support the idea that clearer thinking comes from messy environment．
    2. B.
      to tell the fact that Einstein was known for his untidy desks．
    3. C.
      to stop us from learning from Albert Einstein．
    4. D.
      to call on us to develop a good habit．
  3. 3.

    How do people look at messy environment according to the conventional wisdom?

    1. A.
      Messy environment will create clearer thinking．
    2. B.
      Messy environment will simplify one' s judgment．
    3. C.
      Messy environment can promote work efficiency．
    4. D.
      Messy environment can block one' s mind．
  4. 4.

    What does the last paragraph imply?

    1. A.
      People believe messy environment creates clearer thinking．
    2. B.
      People sought more simplicity in the choices．
    3. C.
      People were not willing to choose those complicated products．
    4. D.
      Not all the people accept messy environment and complicated things

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     In my thirty years as a Time Management speaker, I have observed a lot of what we can and should
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enough of right things. Time Management is not doing the wrong things quicker. Time Management is
doing the right things.
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office of a top manager, who is working with a clean desk environment, you will find that the manager
works effectively(有效地).
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throughout our days, that we are tired. For most people, they get the quantity of sleep, but they lack the
quality of sleep. Their days are filled with so much stress that they are out of control, working harder but
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hopes that it will give them more time to produce results. Studies have shown it may work just the
opposite. After doing what we do for several hours, we start to feel tired. A lunch break, even short,
gives us a chance to get our energy back again.
1. The purpose of this passage is to __________.
A. show how to become a speaker
B. explain the importance of Time Management
C. persuade us to get rid of bad habits
D. tell us to avoid Time Management mistakes
2.  We may know from the passage that Time Management is about ____________ . 
A. how to deal with a lunch break
B. how to get the quality of sleep 
C. how to do right things quicker and smarter
D. how to avoid doing the wrong things
3. What can we learn from the passage?  
A. Working with a plan of action can save one and a half hours per day.
B. Studies have shown that most people work with a messy desk.
C. People can't get a full night's sleep mainly because of too much stress.
D. The longer a lunch break is, the more efficiently people will work.
4. The author holds the following opinions EXCEPT ____________.
A. Time waits for no man.
B. Good order leads to great success.
C. A year's plan starts with spring.
D. No rest, no work.

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