Want to be a happy married couple? Consider having kids．
A new study found that having children boosts happiness．And the more, literally, the merrier．
But unmarried couples shouldn’t expect to find greater happiness through child-raising．The study, published in the Oct．14 online edition of the Journal of Happiness Studies, suggests that having children has little or no effect on boosting happiness among couples who aren’t hitched(和諧)．
The findings contradict previous research that suggested that having more offspring doesn't lead to greater happiness and might even make people less satisfied with their lives．One theory behind the conclusion is that parents don’t receive many rewards in return for the hard work of raising children．
The new study, however, notes that parents say children are one of the most important things in their lives, if not the most important．
The study found that life satisfaction for married people -- women especially -- goes up the more kids they have．Single, separated and co-habiting people, by contrast, report negative experiences．
“One is tempted to advance that children make people rich under the ‘right conditions’ -- a time in life when people feel that they are ready, or at least willing, to enter parenthood,” Dr．Luis Angeles, of the University of Glasgow in Scotland, said in a news release from the journal’s publisher．“This time can come at very different moments for different individuals, but a likely signal of its approach may well be the act of marriage．”
小題1:he underlined word “offspring” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by _____．

A．generation

B．children

C．mothers

D．marriage

小題2:The best title of this passage should be _______．

A．Children Are the Source of Happiness

B．Are You Happy Married Couple?

C．Married with Children Paves Way to Happiness

D．The Right Conditions of Having Children

小題3:Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A．The more children women have, the happier they are．

B．The more children the married women have, the more unsatisfied they become．

C．Raising kids can give any person happiness．

D．Without marriage, one woman had better not raise kids．

小題4:In the passage, the underlined part ‘right conditions’ refers to _______．

A．a(chǎn) time when the couple are ready and willing to become parents

B．the situation where the family is rich enough to raise a child

C．the situation where the couple are very happy

D．a(chǎn) time when the couple thinks raising children can boost happiness

Once again, science supports what your grandmother told you: A good night's sleep helps your body fight a cold.
People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per   1  in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times   2  likely to get sick as those who   3  eight hours or more, a new study found.
Researchers used frequent telephone   4  to track the sleep   5  of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the course of a few weeks. Then they   6  the subjects to the virus, quarantined them for five days and kept   7  of who got sick.
  8  sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to   9  the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure   10  as 'sleep efficiency' - the percentage of time in bed that you're actually sleeping - were also   11  likely to get sick.
The results held   12  even after researchers   13  for variables such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies to the   14   .
  15  your grandmother, the researchers aren't exactly sure   16  sleeping better makes you less likely to   17  a cold. But they   18   take a stab at the answer: 'Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines（促炎細(xì)胞因子）, histamines, and other symptom mediators that are released in response to infection.' In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you're   19  with the cold virus   20  to the symptoms that define a cold.
The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
(   ) 1. A. day             B. night                C. week                       D. month
(   ) 2. A. more          B. as                    C. less                         D. same
(   ) 3. A. occurred     B. worked             C. averaged                  D. longed
(   ) 4. A. interviews   B. reports             C. announcements         D. demands
(   ) 5. A. hobbies       B. quality             C. progress                  D. habits
(   ) 6. A. exposed      B. placed              C. protected                 D. prayed
(   ) 7. A. touch          B. check                      C. track                       D. reward
(   ) 8. A. Except               B. Besides             C. Within                     D. Through
(   ) 9. A. benefit               B. guard                C. help                             D. assist
(   ) 10. A. known      B. acted                C. appointed                D. classified
(   ) 11. A. more         B. less                  C. far                          D. totally
(  ) 12. A. ideal         B. false              C. actual                     D. true
(   ) 13. A. adopted     B. adjusted            C. enlarged                  D. employed
(   ) 14. A. bodies       B. cells                 C. virus                       D. medicines
(   ) 15. A. Like          B. As                    C. Against                    D. By
(   ) 16. A. What               B. When               C. Where                     D. Why
(   ) 17. A. develop     B. form                C. fight                       D. prevent
(   ) 18. A. did           B. often                C. do                           D. never
(   ) 19. A. infected     B. surrounded       C. limited                    D. attached
(   ) 20. A. pulls         B. promotes          C. speeds                     D. contributes

Like poorly managed stress, anger that isn’t handled in a healthy way can be not only uncomfortable, but even damaging to one’s health and personal life. Consider the following research on anger:
One study from the University of Washington School of Nursing studied   1  problems in husbands and wives. Researchers cited(引用) previous evidence that anger problems and depressive symptoms have been linked to all major   2  of death, but found that wives specifically found a greater association between anger and  3  of depression,   4  men tended to instead experience an   5  between anger and health problems.
According to a study from Ohio State University, those who had less control over their anger   6  to heal more slowly from wounds. Researchers gave blisters(起皰膏) to 98 participants and found that, after 8 days, those who had less control over their anger also tended to be   7  healers.    8  , those participants also tended to have more cortisol (a stress hormone) in their system during the blistering procedure,   9  that they may be more stressed by difficult situations as well.
  10  study from Harvard School of Public Health studied hostility(敵對(duì)行為) in men and found that those with  11  rates of hostility not only had poorer pulmonary functioning (breathing problems), but experienced higher rates of decline as they aged.
Research with children and   12  shows that anger   13  is important for the younger set as well. Findings showed that youth who cope inappropriately with their anger are at greater   14  for problem-ridden(受…支配的) interpersonal relationships. Their   15  is also at risk; those who cope poorly with anger tend to have more negative   16  when it comes to both mental and general health. This highlights the fact that anger management is an important skill to   17  early.
These are just a few of the many studies linking anger to   18  and emotional health problems, from the obvious to the   19  . Because poorly managed anger presents such a significant problem in so many areas of life, it’s important to take steps toward learning and using healthy anger management techniques in daily life,    20  stress management techniques.
(   ) 1. A. anger                 B. health               C. emotion            D. spirit
(   ) 2. A. causes                B. effects              C. excuses             D. factors
(   ) 3. A. times                 B. results              C. influences         D. symptoms
(   ) 4. A. but                    B. if                     C. while                      D. though
(   ) 5. A. appreciation       B. attention           C. association        D. attraction
(   ) 6. A. prepared            B. addicted           C. accustomed       D. tended
(   ) 7. A. faster                 B. more                C. slower              D. quicker
(   ) 8. A. As well as          B. In addition        C. Except             D. What’s worse
(   ) 9. A. predicting          B. promising         C. expecting          D. suggesting
(   ) 10. A. Other                      B. More                C. Another            D. The other
(   ) 11. A. higher              B. lower                      C. thicker             D. fewer
(   ) 12. A. adults               B. adolescents       C. elders               D. citizens
(   ) 13. A. development     B. management     C. argument          D. engagement
(   ) 14. A. chance             B. choice              C. rate                  D. risk
(   ) 15. A. body                B. feeling             C. health               D. emotion
(   ) 16. A. outcomes          B. meanings          C. effects              D. pains
(   ) 17. A. recite                      B. learn                C. understand        D. explore
(   ) 18. A. facial                      B. spiritual            C. psychological    D. physical
(   ) 19. A. unperfected      B. unexpected       C. unprotected       D. uncovered
(   ) 20. A. along with               B. along side         C. as with             D. for with

Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for their children, but experts now have identified a related threat to children's health that isn't as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke。
That's the term being   1  to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(顆粒) clinging(依附) to smokers' hair and   2 , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining   3 heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in,   4 if they're crawling or playing on the floor。
Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to   5 these chemicals in a new study that   6 on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the  7 issue of the journal Pediatrics。
"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad, 8 they don't know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。
"When their kids are   9 the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用帶子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and   10 , and they think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their  11 . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren't  12 ."
The study reported on  13 toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were   14 that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers  15 with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent's cigarette can   16 the health of infants and children"。
But   17 fewer of those surveyed were aware of the  18 of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room   19 where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。
Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that  20 , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。
(    ) 1. A. told                 B. discussed   C. used                 D. mentioned
(    ) 2. A. shoes                      B. clothing     C. body                D. mouth
(    ) 3. A. includes           B. covers       C. finds                D. improves
(    ) 4. A. especially         B. specially    C. immediately      D. regularly
(    ) 5. A. name                      B. call           C. explain             D. describe
(    ) 6. A. focused            B. tended       C. tried                 D. worked
(    ) 7. A. later                 B. latest         C. best                  D. previous
(    ) 8. A. but                  B. and           C. however           D. or
(    ) 9. A. alongside          B. out of        C. in                    D. beside
(    ) 10. A. cough             B. talk           C. observe            D. smoke
(    ) 11. A. cars                B. seats          C. kids                 D. windows
(    ) 12. A. visible            B. invisible    C. poisonous         D. concrete
(    ) 13. A. policies          B. attitudes    C. bans                 D. habits
(    ) 14. A. told                B. content      C. confident          D. aware
(    ) 15. A. opposed          B. agreed       C. fought              D. connected
(    ) 16. A. harm              B. destroy      C. improve           D. confuse
(    ) 17. A. quite              B. very          C. far                   D. too
(    ) 18. A. chances          B. risks          C. abilities            D. conditions
(    ) 19. A. tomorrow       B. today               C. yesterday          D. weekend
(    ) 20. A. statement               B. mark         C. discussion         D. prejudice

Unhappy people glue（使粘牢） themselves to the television 30 percent more than happy people.
The finding, announced on Thursday,   1  from a survey of nearly 30,000 American adults conducted between 1975 and 2006 as part of the General Social Survey.
  2  happy people reported watching an   3  of 19 hours of television per week, unhappy people reported 25 hours a week. The results held even after   4  into account education, income, age and marital status.
In addition, happy individuals were more socially   5 , attended more religious services, voted more and    6 a newspaper more often than their less-chipper（沒有精神的） counterparts.
The researchers are not sure, though, whether unhappiness   7 more television-watching or more viewing leads to unhappiness.
In fact, people say they like watching television: Past research has shown that when people watch television they   8   it. In these studies, participants reported that on a   9 from 0 (dislike) to 10 (greatly enjoy), TV-watching was nearly an 8.
But perhaps the high from watching television doesn't  10  .
"These conflicting data  11  that TV may provide viewers with short-run   12 , but at the expense of long-term malaise(精神欠爽)," said researcher John Robinson, a sociologist at the University of Maryland, College Park.
In this case, even the happiest campers could turn into Debbie-downers if they continue to   13 at the TV. The researchers suggest that over time, television-viewing 14  push out other activities that do have more lasting   15 . Exercise and sex come to mind, as do parties and other forms of socialization known to have psychological benefits.
Or, maybe television is simply a refuge(慰藉物) for people who are already  16 .
"TV is not judgmental 17 difficult, so people with  18 social skills or resources for other activities can engage in it," Robinson and UM colleague Steven Martin write in the December issue of the journal Social Indicators Research.
They add, "  19  , chronic unhappiness can be socially and personally debilitating（使人衰弱的） and can interfere with work and most social and personal activities, but even the unhappiest people can click a remote and be passively   20 by a TV."
The researchers say follow-up studies are needed to tease out the relationship between television and happiness.
(    ) 1. A. comes                B. arrives              C. differs              D. results
(    ) 2. A. When                 B. As                    C. While               D. Therefore
(    ) 3. A. average              B. amount             C. number            D. effort
(    ) 4. A. speaking             B. talking             C. taking              D. getting
(    ) 5. A. active                 B. positive            C. crazy                D. cozy
(    ) 6. A. look                   B. read                 C. see                   D. take
(    ) 7. A. builds up            B. cuts down         C. leads to            D. tends to
(    ) 8. A. hate                   B. enjoy                      C. adopt                      D. adapt
(    ) 9. A. fashion                      B. group               C. scale                D. rate
(    ) 10. A. last                   B. decrease           C. widen               D. disappear
(    ) 11. A. report                      B. suggest             C. improve           D. admit
(    ) 12. A. excitement               B. pleasure            C. suffering          D. sadness
(    ) 13. A. glare                B. look                 C. stare                 D. fix
(    ) 14. A. should              B. must                C. could                      D. need
(    ) 15. A. comforts           B. laughter         C. pressures          D. benefits
(    ) 16. A. tired                 B. lonely              C. bored                      D. unhappy
(    ) 17. A. and                  B. neither             C. nor                  D. but
(    ) 18. A. few                  B. little                 C. many                     D. quantity
(    ) 19. A. Therefore          B. Furthermore     C. However          D. Yet
(    ) 20. A. controlled         B. transformed      C. persuaded         D. entertained

Here's a new warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for prolonged periods — even if you also exercise regularly — could be   1 for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place — at the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV — just the overall number of hours it   2  .
Research is preliminary, but several studies   3 people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial   4 this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define   5 activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines   6 minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated   7  .
"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send   8 signals," Ekblom-Bak said. She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the   9 start to shut down.
Even for people who   10  , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day —   11 still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day,    12 in a single bout.
That wasn't   13 news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting    14  a computer. Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art  15 wrestling, and also does Thai boxing.
"I'm sure there are some detrimental   16 of staying still for too long, but I hope that being   17 when I can helps," he said. "I wouldn't want to think the sitting could be   18 dangerous."
Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat   19 had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised.
Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to    20 just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.
(   ) 1. A. bad                    B. good               C. mean                       D. dead
(   ) 2. A. does                  B. occurs              C. matches                   D. dies
(   ) 3. A. advise                B. talk                 C. suggest                    D. say
(   ) 4. A. thrown                      B. caught              C. seen                        D. published
(   ) 5. A. biological           B. physical           C. psychological           D. logical
(   ) 6. A. commending      B. mending           C. recommending         D. communicating
(   ) 7. A. stand                B. state                C. post                 D. position
(   ) 8. A. harmful             B. careful             C. wonderful         D. skillful
(   ) 9. A. head                  B. arm                  C. body                D. foot
(   ) 10. A. sleep                B. rest                 C. walk                D. exercise
(   ) 11. A. and                  B. so                    C. but                   D. then
(   ) 12. A. rather than              B. other than        C. more than         D. less than
(   ) 13. A. bad                  B. harmful            C. disadvantage     D. welcome
(   ) 14. A. behind             B. back                C. in front of               D. forward
(   ) 15. A. referring          B. involving         C. taking              D. bringing
(   ) 16. A. effects              B. prefects           C. affects              D. offers
(   ) 17. A. inactive            B. active               C. interactive               D. positive
(   ) 18. A. such                 B. little                C. lot                  D. that
(   ) 19. A. less                  B. fewer                     C. more                D. further
(   ) 20. A. leave out          B. bring out         C. hold out           D. figure out

Elderly people who drink several cups of green tea a day are less likely to suffer from depression, probably due to a "feel good" chemical found in this type of tea, Japanese researchers said.
Several studies have    1 drinking green tea to lessening psychological problems and Kaijun Niu, of Tohoku University Graduate School, and colleagues found people    2  70 and older who drank four or more cups of green tea daily were 44 percent   3    likely to experience depression.
Green tea is widely  4   in many Asian countries, 5   China and Japan.
Niu's team  6    1,058 relatively healthy elderly men and women. About 34 percent of the men and 39 percent of the women had symptoms of    7  , according to the study that was  8     in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
A total of 488 participants said they    9   four or more cups of green tea a day, 284 said they downed two to three cups    10  and the rest reported having one or fewer cups daily.
According to the researchers, the    11   effect of drinking more    12   tea on alleviating symptoms of depression did not    13  after they factored in social and economic status, gender, diet, history of medical problems and       14 of antidepressants.
There was no   15   between consumption of black or oolong tea, or coffee, and   16    symptoms of depression.
A green tea component, the amino acid thiamine（硫胺素）, which is  17   to have a tranquilizing（鎮(zhèn)靜的）  18  on the brain, may 19  the "potentially beneficial effect" shown in the current study, Niu noted,   20  that more study is needed.
(   ) 1. A. linked              B. taken         C. considered               D. regarded
(   ) 2. A. aging                      B. aged          C. years                D. age
(   ) 3. A. more                B. little          C. less                  D. much
(    ) 4. A. sold                 B. planted      C. spread               D. consumed
(    ) 5. A. including          B. concluding C. containing               D. considering
(    ) 6. A. looked for               B. checked     C. investigated      D. asked
(    ) 7. A. optimism          B. happiness   C. bitterness          D. depression
(    ) 8. A. published         B. come out   C. appeared           D. showed
(    ) 9. A. ate                   B. drank               C. swallowed               D. chewed
(    ) 10. A. weekly           B. daily          C. monthly           D. yearly
(    ) 11. A. apparent         B. light          C. huge                D. gentle
(    ) 12. A. black                     B. oolong      C. coffee              D. green
(    ) 13. A. fade                      B. disappear   C. run                  D. decease
(   ) 14. A. influence               B. effect               C. use                   D. result
(    ) 15. A. association      B. use            C. comparison       D. difference
(    ) 16. A. lower             B. increase     C. strengthen         D. cause
(    ) 17. A. assumed          B. thought     C. imaged              D. hoped
(    ) 18. A. effect             B. affect               C. effort                      D. outcome
(    ) 19. A. report             B. confirm     C. complete          D. explain
(    ) 20. A. adding            B. addressing        C. speaking           D. saying

It seems parents have long been right. Going to bed early is key to getting enough sleep and helping adolescents feel on top of the world, a new study reported.
A   1  of sleep among youngsters may    2  depression and suicidal (自殺的)thoughts, according to the study by the Columbia University Medical Center.
"Our results are   3  with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for depression, working with other   4  and protective factors through multiple possible causal pathways to the development of this   5  disorder," said lead author James Gangwisch.
"  6  quality sleep could therefore be a preventative measure against   7  and a treatment for depression," he added in the study   8  in the Friday issue of Sleep magazine.
The study followed the nightly habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and   9  those who consistently went to bed   10  midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who turned in before 10:00 pm.
Night owls（夜貓子）also ran a 20 percent   11  risk of battling suicidal thoughts, the study added.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine   12  that adolescents should sleep at least nine hours or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10:00 pm reported they slept    13  about eight hours and 10 minutes.
But that amount of sleep  14  significantly for those in bed after midnight.
And adolescents who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more   15  to suffer depression and 48 percent more     16  becoming suicidal, the study said.
"It is a common perception and societal   17  that adolescents do not need as much sleep as pre-adolescents, yet studies suggest that adolescents may  18  require more sleep," said Gangwisch.
"Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed   19  enough to make up for earlier school start times, and transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be   20  with significant sleep deprivation（剝奪）. "
(    ) 1. A. night                B. moderation       C. limit                D. lack
(    ) 2. A. result in           B. lie in                C. come about       D. bring in
(    ) 3. A. opposed           B. mixed              C. related              D. consistent
(    ) 4. A. risk                  B. chance              C. potential           D. reason
(    ) 5. A. mood                      B. body                C. feeling             D. mind
(    ) 6. A. little                B. lack                 C. Adequate          D. over
(    ) 7. A. suffering          B. depression               C. disorder            D. sadness
(    ) 8. A. reported           B. published          C. reflected           D. noted
(    ) 9. A. found                      B. investigated      C. appraised          D. supported
(    ) 10. A. before            B. from                C. by                    D. after
(    ) 11. A. lower             B. higher              C. more                D. less
(    ) 12. A. appeals           B. recommends     C. calls                 D. plans
(    ) 13. A. on average      B. in place            C. ahead of           D. in number
(    ) 14. A. increased               B. disappeared       C. strengthened     D. dropped
(    ) 15. A. likely             B. probable           C. possible            D. perhaps
(    ) 16. A. at sight of       B. at risk of          C. in front of               D. as a result of
(    ) 17. A. wish               B. expectation       C. suggestion               D. attempt
(   ) 18. A. exactly           B. immediately      C. directly            D. actually
(    ) 19. A. early              B. lately                      C. soon                 D. quickly
(    ) 20. A. separated               B. associated         C. divided             D. depended

People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.
The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”
The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.
It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.
The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.
While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等級(jí)的） societies remain stable.
The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females’ own ideal.”
小題1:When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it        .

A．faces danger	B．has breeding rights
C．eats its competitor	D．leaves the group itself

小題2:The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to        .

A．the fish beaten up	B．the fish found out
C．the fish fattened up	D．the fish driven away

小題3:The experiment showed that the smaller fish        .

A．fought over a feast	B．went on diet willingly
C．preferred some extra food	D．challenged the boss fish

小題4:What is the text mainly about?

A．Fish dieting and human dieting.

B．Dieting and health.

C．Human dieting.

D．Fish dieting.

Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse,according to the doctors.I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded(包圍)by shops selling unhealthy,fatty foods,such as fried chicken and ice cream,at low prices.This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves.If there were fewer of these restaurants,then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight.I agree with this,because good eating habits begin early in life,long before children start to visit fast food shops.If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food,or are always allowed to choose what they eat,they will go for sweet and salty foods every time,and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation.Children these days take very little exercise.They do not walk to school.When they get home,they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games.Not only is this an unhealthy pastime(消遣)，it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food.What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem,and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active,as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
小題1:According to the text,what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?

A．Those who often take exercise.

B．Those who often watch television.

C．Those who often have meals at home.

D．Those who often walk to school.

小題2:The author thinks that children are becoming overweight because ________.

A．their parents often cook meals for them

B．they are too busy to go out and play

C．they can’t choose what to eat

D．there are too many fast food shops around

小題3:The word“steering”underlined in the last sentence most probably means ________.

A．forcing	B．guiding
C．driving	D．moving

小題4:The main purpose of the text is to ________.

A．tell a story	B．provide facts
C．give advice	D．compare opinions