Scientists studying the impact of climate change on the Arctic need to consider ways to reduce their own carbon footprints(碳排放量), says Ryan Brook, a researcher who regularly flies north to study the health of caribous(馴鹿).He calls on scientists to show leadership by examining and sharing ways to reduce the impact of working in polar regions.

“The importance of the research is not at question here. It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change. But we need to think about better approaches,” says Brook.

“This is an issue for all scientists, though polar researchers often travel particularly long distances using commercial air travel. We also rely extensively on small aircraft, icebreakers, and snowmobiles, all of which produce large amounts of carbon.”

Brook studies the health of caribou herds in Nunavut and Northwest Territories. He works with northern wildlife managers. This work typically takes him north five or six times per year and when he calculated his own carbon footprint, he was not happy with the result.

“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident. Basically, I have two footprints — my own personal life, which is moderate, and my research footprint.”

Climate scientists can rightly argue that Arctic research is a specialized field and the community of scientists who travel north is relatively small. Even if all scientists working in the north reduced their carbon emissions, it would not make a big impact on the global scale. For Brook, it’s the option that matters.

There are ways researchers can reduce the amount of carbon they use. Some helicopters use less fuel than others. Solar and wind power are alternatives to gas-fired generators. And while carbon offsets(抵消) don’t reduce the amount of carbon emitted, they are an easy first step.

“There aren’t necessarily any easy answers, but we need to start talking about it,” says Brook. “This is particularly important for the next generation of scientists being trained and I hope to see them become leaders in this issue.”

What did Brook find when he calculated his own carbon footprints?

A. His carbon footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.

B. His personal life footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.

C. His research footprints are about the same as his personal life footprints.

D. His personal life footprints are more than his research footprints.

Brook’s opinion is challenged by the statement that       .

A. arctic research is very important

B. the Arctic is a special environment

C. the footprints of Arctic scientists are small

D. Brook’s situation is a common phenomenon

We can infer from the last paragraph that         .

A. we should take actions immediately instead of just talking

B. it’s easy to start talking about the problem of carbon emissions

C. it’s necessary now to pay attention to the problem of research footprints

D. the next generation of scientists are more interested in research footprints

What’s the main idea of the text?

A. The importance of arctic research is not at question.

B. Climate change becomes worse because of arctic research.

C. Brook suggests ways of reducing the use of carbon.

D. Scientists must look at their own carbon footprints.

你校學生會將為來訪的美國朋友舉辦一個晚會，要在學校廣播中宣布此事，并歡迎大家參加。為使美國朋友聽懂，請你使用英語寫一篇廣播通知。要點如下：

注意：

廣播稿約100詞；

應包括以上要點，但不要逐字翻譯，要組織一篇通順連貫的短文；

開頭語已為你寫好。

參考詞匯：to exchange gifts交換禮品；the Student Union 學生會

May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.

23. I was scared and feeling pretty anxious, _______in a new country.

   A. for the first time I was           B. I was the first time

   C. being the first time               D. this being my first time

My Dad did not             the idea that I would go camping with my friends this weekend. He said it was dangerous for girls to live outside.

A. depend on         B. approve of         C. leave out           D. give up

閱讀下列短文，根據以下提示：1）漢語提示，2）首字母提示，3）語境提示，在每個空格內填入一個適當?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，并將該詞完整地寫在右邊相對應的橫線上。所填單詞要求意義準確，拼寫正確。

       When natural disasters strike, the governments at different levels

always give a quick response．They send r________ teams, deliver relief    _____________

supplies, ________ meanwhile call on citizens to take immediate      ______

action．People, near and far, respond quickly and effectively．They _________    ____________

find ways to provide easy a_________ to food and clean water or donate       ____________

money．In addition, other countries and non-profit ________（組織）

                                                                         __________

express sympathy and provide support to the people a___________ in the           _____________

disasters and the families of the _____ （死者）．For example, they fly food 

                                                                             ____________

and supplies and send specialists to assist in s________ for survivors．     ___________

We are fully c_________ that, with all the international effort being            ___

made, we will win the battle ___________ natural disasters．          ___________

The firm invested approximately 60 million dollars in _____ it says is the world’s largest bottle-bottle recycling plant．

       A． which          B．where           C．how       D．what

Although she begged her father over and over again, he still didn’t _____ her marriage.

A. depend on       B. put forward       C. watch out       D. approve of

— Have you finished all your homework?

— Of course. I ________ it before I went out to play football.

      A. had finished   B. have finished     C. finished    D. was finishing

To their disappointment, the couple _______ the house but couldn’t find the missing ring, which was to bring them into great trouble．

       A．got through            B．went through     

       C．lived through         D．looked through

Its great contributions ________ the development of a modern China will never be forgotten.

A. by            B. to                  C. for             D. with