Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months. The system， called Driver Alert， aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20%—40% that are caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue(疲勞).

Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristband(表帶). The device， worn by drivers or pilots， gives out a sound about every four minutes during a car journey. After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing the steering wheel(方向盤(pán)). A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time between the sound and the driver’s response. Tiredness is directly related to a driver’s response time. Usually， a watchful driver would take about 400 milliseconds to respond， but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds， it suggests that the driver is getting sleepy.

In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds， showing that the driver should open a window or stop for a rest. If the driver’s response continues to slow down， the sounds become more frequent until a nonstop alarm warns that the driver must stop as soon as possible.

The device has been delivered to the department’s laboratories for testing. If these tests， scheduled for six months’ time， are successful， the markets will bring the product to market within about a year.

Driver Alert

Ⅰ.                   ：

To reduce                      accidents.

Ⅱ. Working principle：

● (the device) based on                           

● (the device) giving out a sound                    

● (the driver)                         by squeezing the steering wheel

● (the device) giving out more regular and louder sounds when response time is        

● (the driver) stopping                   if a nonstop alarm rings

Ⅲ. Present situation：

● (the device) still            

● (the device) to be brought to market within about            if the tests are

The small victories in the fight against poverty and hunger have helped many people who are in trouble 　　　　 allowing them to maintain dignity.

A.before    B.after   C.for  D.while

No matter what you have achieved, you have no reasons to _____others in your field.

A. look on        B. look up to       C. look forward to     D. look down upon

Only after liberation（解放）      to be treated as human beings.

A. did they begin         B. they had begun    C. they did begin       D. has they begun

During the period when he was in hospital, I _______ him to give up smoking but it didn’t seem to help.

   A. persuaded     B. advised          C. suggested      D. thought

We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have_____ we have here and treat food nicely.

A. what        B. which          C. that         D. whether

People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in this country each year．Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do while there can either benefit or harm the environment．

       While on holiday

       Many of the things you can do to he greener on holiday will be the same things you can do at home—but there arc also sonic extra things too, like avoiding gifts made from endangered plants and animals．Here are some suggestions:

       ●Making the most of locally produced food and drink, and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport;

       ●Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect;

       ●Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats （棲息地）.

    Endangered species （物種）

       Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals．Check before you buy, but if you doubt, avoid animal and plant gifts．More details of the types of products to avoid and illegal trade hotspots can be found on the Souvenir Alert webpage．

    Making a positive contribution to the place you are visiting

       There are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment;

       ●There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats;

       ●When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit, you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects．

According to the passage, we can ____ to help reduce climate change effect.

       A. make good use of water                 B. buy local food and drink

       C. save electricity                        D. go around on foot

We can infer from the passage that ____．

       A. it is not easy for people to travel abroad

       B. not everyone can tell an illegal souvenir

       C. green holidays have been accepted by people

       D. volunteer work is a must for protecting natural habitats

The passage is mainly about _________

       A. travel dos and don'ts                  B. the harm done to the environment

       C. greener choices for holiday             D. tips on protecting endangered species

_____  Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

     The ridge （隆起） structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.     Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

    Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can be recorded easily.

______ Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. ______ .

When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.  ______ . Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

    A. Special techniques are used to "develop" them.

    B. A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.

    C. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.

    D. With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.

    E. A latent(隱約的)print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item.

    F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

    G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.

o make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______________ and weaknesses.

A. benefits    B. strengths    C. techniques     D. values

— I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.

    — Oh, it ____ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.

A．must have been                                  B．should have been  

C．could have been                                 D．may have been