If U．S．software companies don't pay more attention to quality, they could kiss their business good-bye．Both India and Brazil are developing a world-class software industry．Their weapon is quality and one of their jobs is to attract the top U．S．quality specialists whose voices are not listened to in their country．

      Already, of the world's 12 software houses that have earned the highest rating in the world, seven are in India．That's largely because they have used new methods rejected by American software specialists．For example, for decades, quality specialists, W．Edwards Deming and J．M．Juran had urged U．S．software companies to change their attitudes to quality．But their quality call mainly fell on deaf ears in the U．S -- but not in Japan．By the 1970s and 1980s, Japan was grabbing market share with better, cheaper products．They used Deming's and Juran's ideas to bring down the cost of good quality to as little as 5% of total production costs．In U．S．factories, the cost of quality then was 10 times as high: 50%．In software, it still is．

      Watts S．Humphrey spent 27 years at IBM heading up software production and then quality assurance．But his advice was seldom paid attention to．He retired from IBM in 1986．In 1987, he worked out a system for assessing(evaluating) and improving software quality．It has proved its value time and again．For example, in 1990 the cost of quality at Raytheon Electronics Systems was almost 60% of total software production costs．It fell to 15% in 1996 and has since further dropped to below 10%．

Like Deming and Juran, Humphrey seems to be winning more praises overseas than at home．The Indian government and several companies have just founded the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute at the Software Technology Park in Chennai, India．Let's hope that U．S．lead in software will not be eaten up by its quality problems．

72．What country has more highest-rating companies in the world than any other country has?

A．India．                  B．The US．             C．Brazil．                 D．Germany．

73．Which of the following statements about Humphrey is true?

A．He is now still an IBM employer．B．He has worked for IBM for 37 years．   

C．India honors him highly．

D．The US pays much attention to his quality advice．

74．By what means did Japan grab its large market share by the 1970s and the 1980s?    

A．Its advertising was most successful．

B．Its products were cheaper in price and better in quality．

C．The US hardware industry was lagging behind

D．Japan hired a lot of Indian software specialists．

75． What is the writer worrying about?

A．Many US software specialists are working for Japan．

B．The quality problem has become a worldwide problem．   

C．India and Japan are joining hands to compete with the US．

D．The US will no longer be the first software player in the world

China wants _____ greater say in the decision-making of the International

Monetary Fund, and tougher regulations on _____ financial system in wealthy countries to prevent future problems.   

 A. a; the       B. the; 不填                 C. the; the                 D. a; 不填

 Shopping online can _____ both convenience and choice, but not _____ websites are safe enough for shopping.

　　A. charge; either 　　B. supply; any 　　C. offer; all 　　D. provide; both

Please do me a favor —______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.

A. to invite            B. inviting            C. invite                      D. invited

—Dear Sir, how can I remember the new words well?

   —Try to ______ at least an hour each day for learning new vocabulary.

A.set off  B.set out  C.set aside     D.set down

Ⅲ 寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)

第一節(jié) 基礎(chǔ)寫作(共1小題，滿分15分)

       [寫作內(nèi)容]

       你的英語老師要求你在班上用英文向同學(xué)們介紹你英語寫作的方法和心得。請根據(jù)下表提供的中文提綱，選擇相關(guān)的信息寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

  學(xué) 習(xí) 方 法             學(xué) 習(xí) 效 果

背誦范文       運用英語思維，進(jìn)行模仿性寫作

多閱讀英文文章    吸取語言材料

多聽英文廣播       提高聽力水平

學(xué)習(xí)語法       正確表達(dá)

多寫日記       在做中學(xué)

多練習(xí)口語    提高口頭技能

參考他人的習(xí)作    取長補短

       [寫作要求]    

1. 只能使用5個句子表達(dá)全部內(nèi)容；

2. 文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱；

3. 開頭與結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出。

       [評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]         句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。

Ladies and gentlemen,

Now I would like to tell you how I learn English writing.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

That’s all. Thank you.

The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.

Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.

Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.

As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals — many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.

During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.

41. We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.

A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody

B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up

C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948

D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers

42. What do we know about the NHS?

A. It’s managed by the central government.

B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.

C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.

D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.

43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________.

A. take care of the local people’s health

B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best

C. work under high pressure nowadays        D. have more responsibilities than before

44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?

A. suffering                  B. different                 C. prevented                        D. free

45. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________.

A. many hospitals are too old to be used     

B. some services are in the charge of individuals

C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment

D. there is not enough money for further reform

I still remember the days___ I spent ______ with you in Beijing．

     A．when; staying       B．what; to stay        

       C．that; staying                 D．during; to stay

The ______ used ______ to produce a rabbit from his hat.

A. magician; magical                      B. magic; magician    

C. magician; magic                        D. magical; magic

Many working women ________ relatives to help take care of their children.

       A. depend with             B. depend to                 C. rely in                      D. rely on