Watercolor is the oldest paints known. It dates back to the early cave men who discovered they could add lifelike qualities to drawings of animals and other figures on the walls of caves by mixing the natural colors found in the earth with water.

Fresco (壁畫), one of the greatest of all art forms, is done with watercolor. It is created by mixing paints and water and applying these to wet plaster （灰泥）. Of the thousands of people who stand under Michelangelo’s heroic ceiling in the Sistine Chapel, very few know that they are looking at perhaps the greatest watercolor painting in the world.

The invention of oil painting by the Flemish masters in the fifteenth century made fresco painting go downhill, and for the next several centuries watercolor was used mainly for doing sketches（草圖）or as a tool for study. It was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that English painters put back watercolor as a serious art form. The English have a widely-known love for outdoors and also small private pictures. The softness of watercolor had a remarkably strong attraction for them.

The popularity of watercolor continued to grow until the twentieth century. The United States passed England as the center for watercolor, producing such well-known watercolor artists as Thomas Eakins and Andrew Wyeth.

The purpose of the passage is to introduce ________.

A. the gradual weakness of fresco painting

B. oil’s power or influence over watercolor

C. the discovery of watercolor in England

D. the start and development of watercolor

In the 16^th and 17^th centuries the artists thought ________.

A. watercolor was softer, and thus better.

B. Oil painting lasted longer, and was better.

C. Watercolor wasn’t fit for finished works

D. Watercolor was too hard to use in any works.

According to the passage, watercolor painting was put back in England because ______.

A. it was easy to use outdoors     B. it was a strong medium（媒介）

C. it was extremely bright in color.  D. it was suited for popular tastes

What would the next paragraph most probably talk about?

   A. The works of famous US watercolor artists.

   B. Modern American oil painters.

   C. The weaknesses of oil as popular paints

   D. Techniques of producing watercolor

根據(jù)提示，寫出各句中所缺單詞的正確形式。(每空1分, 共10分)

______ (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.

Helen had to shout to make herself ________(hear) above the sound of the music.

The old man,______(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.

If people drink _________ (pollute) water, they might get sick.

He is such a bad man that he is ________(will) to help others.

At first my new ___________(周圍環(huán)境) were difficult to ________(忍受) .

You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom __________(enjoy) and ___________(值得).

After the flood, many villagers were _________ with virus. (感染)

Don’t _________ any letter in the word, or it will be a wrong word.

   A. find out   B. give out  C. leave out  D. look out

The place was flooded ________ it had been raining for several weeks.

A. because      B. because of        C. ever since   D. as a result of

It is unsafe for you to stay here．Please leave this place _____．

       A．a(chǎn)t all                    B．once again

       C．right away                  D．for a while

Ms．Zero was preparing food．Under one of the apple trees in the garden ______, smoking and looking at the harvest with a smile．

       A．stood her husband       B．did her husband stand

       C．her husband stood           D．her husband standing

Mr. Jones had always wanted to make a trip into the middle of Africa to shoot wild animals. 36  first he had no enough money, and then he was married. His wife had not wanted him to37  her. At last his wife   38  to the trip if he allowed her to go, too.

 “But it will be very uncomfortable,” Mr. Jones   39 her, “ It will be very hot and we shall live in a tent, and it   40  be dangerous. ”“I don’t care,” said his wife, “I want to go with you.” So they bought a big tent, camp beds, a refrigerator which did not need   41  and many other things which would make the trip 42, and went off to the middle of Africa.

The first morning,  43  Mr. Jones took his gun and left the tent, he  44  his wife a bell and explained to her , “If you fall in  45  and you need me ,  46  this bell and I’ll come at once.”

After a few minutes, he heard the bell and returned  47   to the tent. “What’s the matter?” he asked.“   48   ” said his wife, “I was only   49  the bell.” Mr. Jones went off, but after a quarter of an hour, the bell rang again .

Mr. Jones hurried back to the tent, but his wife said, “I’m   50 . I was cleaning our tent, and I knocked the bell over by mistake.” Mr. Jones returned to his  51  , but soon he heard the   52  once more. This time, when he got back to his   53  , the tent was burning and Mrs. Jones was lying on the ground, with  54  running from a big cut on her shoulder. “That’s better!” said Mrs. Jones. “This time the bell had been used  55 !”

A. And             B. But            C. For              D.Although

A. leave            B. miss           C. marry            D. care

A. allowed          B. promised       C. satisfied          D. agreed

A. told             B. advised         C. persuaded        D. warned

A. may             B. must           C. can’t            D. shall

A. money           B. electricity       C. force            D. power

A. different         B.comfortable      C. perfect           D. interesting

A. while            B. until           C. before           D. after

A. gave             B. sent           C. lent             D. bought

A. hurry           B. surprise        C. safety           D. danger

A. hit             B. knock          C. beat             D. ring    

A. again           B. back           C. quickly          D.finally

A. Something       B. Nothing        C. No              D. None

A. ringing          B. trying         C. using             D. testing

A. happy           B. sorry          C. tired             D. all right

A. wife            B. tent           C. trip              D. hunting

A. cry             B. shot           C. bell             D. shout

A. garden          B. house          C. camp            D. office

A. water           B. tears           C. blood            D. sweat

A. correctly        B. wrongly        C. frequently         D. carefully

Attractions in Wisconsin

Wisconsin Historical Museum

30 N. Carroll Street on Madison’s Capitol Square

Discover Wisconsin’s history and culture(文化) on four floors of exhibits. Open for public program. Admission is free.

Open Tuesday through Saturday, 9:00am -- 4:00 pm.

(608) 264-6555  www.wisconsinhistory.org/museum

Swiss historical village

612 Seventh Ave., New Glarus

The Swiss Historical Village offers a delightful look at pioneer life in America’s heartland. 14 buildings in the village give a full picture of every day life in the nineteenth-century Midwest.

Tue.—Fri., May 1^st –October 31^st , 10:00 am—4:00 pm. Admission is $20.

(608) 527-2317  www.swisshistoricalvillage.com

Artisan Gallery & Creamery Café

6858 Paoli Rd., Paoli, WI

One of the largest collections of fine arts and crafts(手工藝品) in Wisconsin. Over 5000 sp. ft. of exhibition space in a historic creamery. While visiting enjoy a wonderfully prepared lunch at our café overlooking the Sugar River. Just minutes from Madison!

Gallery open Tue. –Sun., 10:00 am—5:00 pm.

Café open Wed. –Sat., 11:00 am –3:00 pm.

Sun. brunch with wine, 10:00—3:00 pm.

  (608) 845-6600  www.artisangal.com

Christopher Columbus Museum

239 Whitney St., Columbus

World-class exhibit –2000 quality souvenirs(紀念品) marking Chicago’s 1893 World Columbian Exhibition. Tour buses are always welcome.

Open daily, 8:15 am – 4:00 pm.

(920) 623-1992  www.columbusantiquemall.com

Which of the following is on Capitol Square?

    A. Wisconsin Historical Museum.               B. Swiss Historical Village.

    C. Artisan Gallery & Creamery Café.       D. Christopher Columbus Museum.

Where can you go for a visit on Monday?

    A. Wisconsin Historical Museum.         B. Swiss Historical Village.

    C. Artisan Gallery & Creamery café.      D. Christopher Columbus Museum.

Where can visitors have lunch?

    A. At Wisconsin Historical Museum.          B. At Swiss Historical Village.

    C. At Artisan Gallery & Creamery Café.       D. At Christopher Columbus Museum.

We learn from the text that___________.

    A. Swiss Historical Village is open for half a year

    B. Christopher Columbus Museum overlooks a river

    C. tickets are needed for Wisconsin Historical Museum

D. Artisan Gallery & Creamery Café are open daily for 4 hours

Scientists have discovered that living to the age of 100 may have nothing to do with the lifestyle you lead and everything to do with the type of genes you have.

For the lucky carriers of “Methuselah” genes， worries over smoking， eating unhealthily and not getting enough exercise may not be as necessary as to those of us without the special gene pattern.   The “Methuselah” genes could give extra protection against the diseases of old age such as cancer and heart disease. They could also protect people against the effects of the unhealthy lifestyles that we believe will lead us to an early death， scientists say. However， the genes are very rare.

The genes include ADIPOQ， which is found in about 10 percent of young people but in nearly 30 percent of people living past 100. They also include the CETP and the ApoC3 genes， which are found in 10 percent of young people， but in about 20 percent of people over 100 years old.

Some of those genes were discovered by a research group at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York， led by Professor Nir Barzilai. The team studied the genes of over 500 people over 100 years old， and their children.

The studies show that tiny mutations (變異) in the make-up of some genes can greatly increase a person’s lifespan. Barzilai told a Royal Society conference that the discovery of such genes gave scientists clear targets for developing drugs that could prevent age-related diseases， allow people to live longer and stay healthy.

David Gems， a researcher at University College London， believes that drugs to slow ageing will become widespread.

“If we know which genes control longevity (長壽) then we can... target them with drugs. That makes it possible to slow down ageing，” he told The Times.

“Much of the pain and suffering in the world are caused by ageing. If we can find a way to reduce that， then we are obliged to take it.”

Which genes could give extra protection against the diseases of old age？ (No more than 3 words) (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________________　

Whom did Barzilai’s team study？ (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________________

What can greatly increase a person’s lifespan？ (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)

__________________________________________________________________________

What can scientists do if they are aware which genes control longevity？(No more than 6 words) (3 marks)

__________________________________________________________________________.　

Many children may be fond of animals， but 　　　　 ever think of making the study of animals their career.

A. a few   B. few        C. some            D. any