Without her help, we could not have finished our work on time.

__________ __________ her help, we finished our work on time.

A relationship is defined as a state of connectedness between people．Although in today’s society with its crazy rhythm of everyday life, when people tend to live in thickly populated cities, spending most of their time in the office and hardly knowing their neighbors name, we still find ourselves in some kinds of relationships—with friends, family, or colleagues．

Family relationships are the first relationships people enter．Parents and relatives influence our emotional development by creating a model that we are sometimes bound to follow all our lives, often subconsciously．In day-care, at school, then in the office we spend a lot of time among fellow students and co-workers．We learn to keep business relationships, to work in a team environment, then form smaller groups of like-minded people and finally select some of them as our friends．

What is a true friendship? How does it start? Are we destined to become friends with certain people or can we actually plan whom to be friends with?

"Everybody's friend is nobody's”, said Arthur Schopenhauer．Unlike a companionship based on belonging to the same team or group, friendship is a very personal and selective type of relationship．It calls for trust, sincerity, and emotional bonds．

Sociologists believe that most people are looking for similarities in views, social status, and interests when choosing friends．No wonder that our friends are often people of the same age, sex, and education．Another important factor is joint activity and solidarity．This is the reason why many of us befriend our colleagues and other people who work in the same field．

Most people would agree that a friend is someone who always listens and understands. Understanding in this context implies a lot of meanings—ompassion, sympathy, and emotional closeness. It's a process in which your friend reads your emotional state, shares your feelings, identifies himself or herself with you.

1．What is the first relationship that people often enter, according to the author?

　 A．Friendship.　　　　 　　　　　 B．Companionship.

　 C．Family relationship.　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 D．Customer relationship.

2．How do we understand “Everybody's friend is nobody's” by Arthur Schopenhauer?

　 A．Try to be everybody's friend.　　　　 　　　　　 B．Try to be somebody's friend.

　 C．Not to be everybody's friend.　　　　 　　　　　 D．Not to be somebody's friend.

3．The important reason why many of us befriend our colleagues is ___　　 _.

　 A．the same age　　　　　　　　　 　 B．the same sex

　 C．the same education　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 D．joint activity and solidarity

4．What is the writing purpose of the passage?

　 A．To tell the readers what the real friend is.

　 B．To stress the importance of family relationship.

　 C．To explain the connectedness between people.

　 D．To introduce a new companionship.

I told you that you shouldn't waste your time playing the computer games,_____________?

A. didn't I　 B. did I　 C. should you　 D. shouldn't you

He couldn’t believe that such a little boy could _______ his English with so little time.
A. improve           B. to improve           C. improving           D. to improving

The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist（恐布分子） with a gun,

but the man with the portable computer in business class． In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic（電磁） interference（干擾）． The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones．

RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry, has recommended that all

airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing． Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights． Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines． And although some airlines prohibit （禁止）passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights．

The difficulty is prediction how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers．

Experts know that portable device emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication． But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not．

The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable（易受損的）to interference raises the risk that terrorists

may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment． As worrying though, is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music is too loud ．

1．What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?

　 A．They may have taken place during take-off and landing．

　 B．They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems．

　 C．They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference．

　 D．They were proved to have been caused by the passengers’ portable computers．

2．Few airlines want to impose（強(qiáng)加）a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because 　　　　　．

　 A．they have other effective safety measures to fall back on

　 B．they don’t believe there is such a danger as radio interference

　 C．the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved

　 D．most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players

3．Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers?

　 A．Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research．

　 B．Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane．

　 C．Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with．

　 D．Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs．

The study of ________ can be very interesting.

A. a history　　 B. the history　　 C. history　　 D. histories

Go and get your coat. It's _______ you left it.

A. there B. where C. there were 　 D. where there

Canada has vast areas of wilderness, from the Arctic north, _______ average winter temperatures are usually -20 ⁰C, to the border with the USA in the south, _______ is said to be the longest border in the world not defended.

A. which, where B. whose, which　 C. where, where　 D. where, which

He studied very hard all the time because he didn’t want to _____in his studies.

   A. fall behind   B. be left behind   C. left behind   D. Both A and B

1.    --- The button in the kitchen is out of order.

---________

A.I’m really sorry to hear that B.No problem. It’ll be OK.

C.Anything else I can do?　 D.Why not get Mr. Kidder to have a look?