What's your dream vacation? Watching wildlife in Kenya? Boating down the Amazon? Sunbathing in Malaysia? New chances are opening up all the time to explore the world. So we visit travel agents, compare packages and prices , and pay our money.
We know what our vacation costs us. But do we know what it might cost someone else? It's true that many poorer countries now depend on tourism for foreign income. Unfortunately, though, tourism often harms the local people more than it helps them.
It might cost their homes and lands. In Myanmar, 5,200 people were forced to leave their homes among the pagodas(佛塔)in Bagan so that tourists could visit the pagodas.
Tourism might also cost the local people their livelihood and dignity. Local workers often find only menial(卑微的)jobs in the tourist industry. And most of the profits do not help the local economy. Instead, profits return to the tour operators in wealthier countries, When the Maasai people in Tanzania were driven from their lands, some moved to city slums. Others now make a little money selling souvenirs or posing for photos.
Problems like these were observed more than 20 years ago. But now some non-government organizations, tour operators and local governments are working together to begin correcting them. Tourists, too, are putting on the pressure.     
The result is responsible tourism, or “ethical tourism.” Ethical tourism has people at its heart. New international agreements and codes of conduct can help protect the people's lands, homes, economies and cultures. The beginnings are small, though, and the problems are complex.
But take heart. The good news is that everyone, including us, can play a part to help the local people in the places we visit. Tour operators and companies can help by making sure that local people work in good conditions and earn reasonable wages.
They can make it a point to use only locally owned hotel, restaurants and guide services. They can share profits fairly to help the local economy. And they can involve the local people in planning and managing tourism.
What can tourists do? First, we can ask tour companies to provide information about the conditions of local citizens. We can then make our choices and tell them why. And while we're abroad, we can:
Buy local foods and products, not imported ones.
Pay a fair price for goods and services and not bargain for the cheapest price.
Avoid flaunting wealth.
Ask before taking photographs of people.
They are not just part of the landscape!
Let's enjoy our vacation and make sure others do, too.
【小題1】 What is probably the best title for the article?

A．Tourism Causes Bad Effects.	B．Tourism Calls for Good Behavior.
C．Vacations Bring a Lot of Fun.	D．Vacations Cost More Than You Think

【小題2】 Which of the following is not mentioned?

A．Local people were well paid to leave their lands.

B．Tourists may stay in hotels opened by local people.

C．Local people are mainly provided with low-paying work.

D．Tourists could bargain with local people for a reasonable price.

【小題3】 The underlined phrase "take heart" means"      ".

A．pay attention

B．take care

C．cheer up

D．calm down

【小題4】 According to the passage, the writer thinks          .

A．tourism is not a promising industry

B．dream vacations should be spent abroad

C．the problems caused by tourism are easy to settle

D．tourists should respect local customs and culture

Register(注冊) in person
Register by phone
Register by mail
1781 N. Winchester ST.
Call 264  8833
Use form given
Chicago
Basic Photography
This is an eight-hour course for beginners who want to learn how to use a 35mm camera. The teacher will cover such areas as kinds of film, light, and lenses(鏡頭). Bring your own 35mm camera to the class.
Course Charge: $150
Jan. 10, 12, 17, 19, Tues. & Thurs. 6-8p.m.
Marianne Adams is a professional photographer whose photographs appear in many magazines.
Understanding Computers
This twelve-hour course is for people who don’t know very much about computers, but who need to learn about them. You will learn what computers are, what they can and can’t do, and how to use them.
Course Charge: $75
Equipment Charge: $10
Jan. 7, 14, 21, 28, Sat. 9-12 a.m.
Joseph Saimders is a professor of computer science at New Urban University. He has over twelve years of experience in the computer field.
Stop Smoking
Do you want to stop smoking? Have you already tried to stop and failed? Now it is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods. You can stop smoking, and this twelve-hour course will help you do it.
Course Charge: $30
Jan. 4, 11, 18, 25 Mon. 4-7 p.m.
Dr.John Goode is a practicing psychologist(心理學家)who has helped hundreds of people stop smoking.
Typing
This course on weekdays is for those who want to type as well as those who want to improve their typing. You are tested in the first class and practice at one of eight different skill levels. This allows you to learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours. Bring your own paper.
Course Charge: $125
Materials Charge: $25
Two hours each evening for two weeks.
This course is taught by a number of business education teachers who have successfully taught typing courses before.
【小題1】 The word “professional” in this advertisement most probably means “_____”

A．spiritual

B．journalist

C．professor

D．experienced

【小題2】 The shortest course is _____.

A．Basic Photography	B．Understanding Computers
C．Stop Smoking	D．Typing

【小題3】 A course which can do something good for your health will cost____.

A．$50

B．$30

C．$10

D．$125

【小題4】 There are typing courses_____.

A．on Saturdays and Sundays	B．from Monday to Friday
C．from Monday to Saturday	D．on each day in the week

There is a boy called Bill in my gym class who has unbearably yellow teeth that almost make everyone feel unpleasant．Recently another boy told Bill that he should "go Ajax" his teeth．Bill was crushed．If the other boy had been thinking, he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situation．He could have dealt with it with tact．He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful, sensitive way—that's "tact"．
If a person isn't sensitive to another's feelings, there is no way he or she can be tactful．Yesterday, my 5-year-old brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen on our television set．Unfortunately, he used furniture polish, which produced an oily film on the television screen．My mother smiled arid thanked him for his efforts—and then showed how to clean the screen properly．Her sensitivity enables my brother to keep his self-respect．Yet, sensitivity alone does not make tact．
"Tactfulness" also requires "truthfulness"．Doctors, for example must be truthful．If a patient has just been disabled in an accident, a tactful doctor will tell the truth—but express it with sensitivity．The doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling them curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment now available．Doctors must use tact with patients' relatives as well．Instead of bluntly saying, "Your husband is disabled," a doctor might say, "I'm sorry, but your husband has lost feeling in his legs and．．．"
Tact should not be confused with trickery．Trickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient an injection（注射） and says, "This won't hurt a bit．" Instead of trickery, the nurse might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of it．It would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patients about some of these benefits．
Tact is a wonderful skill to have, and tactful people are usually admired and respected．Without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in．
【小題1】The underlined word "crushed" in the first paragraph probably means____．

A．surprised

B．cheated

C．regretful

D．painful

【小題2】According to the author, his mother's praise for the brother is ____．

A．sensitive and tactful	B．sensitive but not tactful enough
C．truthful but not tactful enough	D．sensitive but trickish

【小題3】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
（The numbers stand for the paragraphs）

A single night of taking the drug Ecstasy (搖頭丸) can cause serious brain damage and speed up the start of Parkinson’s disease, scientists say. Just two or three Ecstasy tablets can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning, according to American research that links the drug to Parkinson’s for the first time.
A study by a team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, involving squirrel monkeys and baboons (狒狒) found that both species suffered permanent damage to key cells, which are lost in Parkinson’s, after receiving three low doses（劑量）of Ecstasy at three-hour periods.
The study is particularly important because baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain. George Ricaurte, who led the research, said that the widespread abuse of drug might have caused severe damage. “The most troubling result is that young adults using Ecstasy may be increasing their risk of developing Parkinsonism as they get older.”
Alan Leshner, a former director of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, said, “This study emphasizes the multi-aspect damage that Ecstasy causes to users. We’ve long known that repeated use damages brain cells. But this study shows that even very occasional use can have long-lasting effects on many different brain systems. It sends an important message to young people: don’t experiment with your own brain.”
Janet Betts, a mother whose teenage daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995, said, “This comes as no surprise. But people can’t see the effects at first, and they say it won’t happen to them. We’ll see the symptoms later, just as we have with smoking.”
【小題1】 The article is intended to ______.

A．explain the bad effects of drugs on people’s health

B．warn young people of the risk of taking the drug Ecstasy

C．persuade people out of such bad habits as smoking and using drugs

D．tell us the links between the drug Ecstasy and Parkinson’s disease

【小題2】 We know from the passage that a low dose of Ecstasy ______.

A．won’t cause serious brain damage

B．can permanently destroy one’s brain cells

C．will result in immediate symptoms

D．may bring on Parkinson’s at once

【小題3】Why are squirrel monkeys and baboons involved in the experiments?

A．Because their brain is similar to human being’s.

B．Because these animals usually take drugs.

C．Because these animals will soon get well after the experiment.

D．Because there is a model in the animals’ brains.

【小題4】 The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably means that ______.

A．Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995

B．taking drug has the same symptoms as smoking

C．occasional use of the drug can have long-lasting effects on the brain systems

D．people have long known that repeated use of the drug damages brain cells

Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your time properly, you can do your homework more quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.
The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesn’t mean that you must always like the subject. It does mean, however, that you must be wil1ing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them.
Here’s some advice for you: have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions(中斷); have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things; when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview.
Don’t try to spend a lot of time researching learning methods. There are many students who know many good learning methods but don’t study well. They forget that the most useful learning method is to study hard.
【小題1】 The main goal of the article is______

A．to prove that learning is not difficult

B．to make the readers be interested in study

C．to tell the importance of self teaching

D．to tell the students how to study well

【小題2】 The first thing to remember in studying is that

A．you must like the subject

B．you must follow the teacher

C．you must enjoy learning

D．you must study hard

【小題3】 We learn things because______

A．our parents want us to learn

B．every student learns at school

C．we may use these things in the future

D．we like the subjects

【小題4】 Which of the following is NOT the advice given in the article?

A．To put a pen, paper and books beside you before study.

B．To study at any possible time and place.

C．To review and preview

D．To pay attention to the most important things.

【小題5】 Which of the following statements is true?

A．The more learning methods we have, the better we will study.

B．Finding the best learning method is the most important in learning.

C．If you don’t work hard, though you have a good learning method, you can’t be good at study.

D．Once we have mastered a good learning method, we can improve our study greatly.

A well-dressed man entered a famous jewelry shop. He explained that he wished to buy a pearl for his wife’s birthday. The price didn’t matter. Since business had been very good for him that year. After examining a nice black one that cost $5000, he paid for the pearl in cash, shook hands with the jeweler, and left.
A few days later the man returned and said that his wife liked the pearl so much that she wanted another one just like it. It had to be exactly the same size and quality, as she wanted a pair of earrings made, “Can you give me any advice on how to get such a pearl?” said the man. The jeweler regretfully replied, “I would say it’s exactly impossible to find one exactly like that pearl.”
The rich man insisted that the jeweler advertise in the newspapers, offering $ 25,000 for the matching pearl. Many people answered the advertisement but nobody had a pearl that was just right.
Just when the jeweler had given up hope, a little old lady came into his store. To his great surprise, she pulled the perfect pearl from her purse. “I don’t like to part with it,” she said sadly, “I inherited it from my mother, and my mother inherited it from hers. But I really need the money.”
The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind. Then he called the rich man’s hotel to tell him the good news. The man, however, was nowhere to be found.
【小題1】The man said he wanted to buy a pearl for ______.
A. his wife             B. his mother-in–law 
C. his own mother           D. no one
57. He paid $ 5,000 for the black pearl without bargaining because ______.
A. he was very rich           B. he wanted to make the jeweler believe him
C. he was anxious to get it      D. his business had been successful
【小題2】He told the jeweler to get him another pearl that must be ______.

A．exactly the same size as the black one

B．exactly the same quality as the black one

C．worth no more than $ 25,000

D．exactly as big and nice as the black one

【小題3】 Many people answered the advertisement because they wanted _______.

A．to see the perfect pearl

B．to buy some beautiful pearls too

C．to get in touch with the rich man

D．to sell their own pearl at a high price

【小題4】 The jeweler couldn’t find the man anywhere because ______.

A．he died suddenly.

B．He happened to be out

C．He got $ 20,000 by cheating and had run away with the money.

D．He wouldn’t show up until the jeweler called him a second time.

A powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at two forty-six p.m. local time on March eleventh.2011. Japan's Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami（海嘯） warnings just three minutes later. The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.
There are more than four thousand Seismic Intensity Meters in place throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity. These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening. Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.
There are also concrete(混凝土) sea walls around much of the Japanese coastline. But these measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.
Costas Synolakis ，a tsunami expert at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles said，"Japan is one of those most well-prepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning. They had a warning. I think what went wrong is that they had not expected the size of this event."
He says there are two reasons for this. Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last one hundred fifty years. And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the coast of Japan.
The nine point zero magnitude earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide. It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan. The tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as thirteen meters in some areas.
Costas Synolakis says Japan's concrete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.
Experts say early warning systems will continue to be limited by these facts until earthquakes and tsunamis can be predicted
【小題1】Where can this passage probably be adapted from?

A．A magazine on science	B．A fairy Tale
C．A scientific fantasy book	D．A newspaper

【小題2】Which of the following statements NOT true ?

A．A terrible earthquake hit the northeastern coast of Japan

B．It was also the worst earthquake in Japan

C．The 9.0 earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan

D．Japan's concrete sea walls was unable to handle such high waves.

【小題3】According to Costas Synolakis, why did Japan suffer such a loss?

A．The country has never experienced any event as big as this one over the past 150 years

B．Japan has the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.

C．There are not concrete sea walls around all of the Japanese coastline

D．The government didn’t announce its first tsunami warnings three minutes earlier.

When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say，”Well,it’s so-and-so’s fault.”or “I know I’m late，but it’s not my fault；the car broke down.”It is probably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However,you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success.
Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you  need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or  don’t rely on the person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.
This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don’t have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stop on for success.
【小題1】According to the passage, winners        .

A．deal with problems rather than blame others

B．meet with fewer difficulties in their lives

C．have responsible and able colleagues

D．blame themselves rather that others

【小題2】The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to        .

A．a(chǎn)void

B．a(chǎn)ccept

C．improve

D．consider

【小題3】When your colleague brings about a problem, you should        .

A．find a better way to handle the problem

B．blame him for his lack of responsibility

C．tell him to find the cause of the problem

D．a(chǎn)sk a more able colleague for help

【小題4】 When problems occur, winners take them as      

A．excuses for their failures

B．barriers to greater power

C．challenges to their colleagues

D．chances for self-development

【小題5】 Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．A Winner’s Secret.	B．A Winner’s Problem.
C．A Winner’s Opportunity.	D．A Winner’s Achievement.

  What time is it? Most people are pretty accurate in their answer. And if you don’t know for sure, it’s very likely that you can find out. There may be a watch on your wrist; there may be a clock on the wall, desk, or computer screen; or maybe you’re riding in a car that has a clock in the dashboard(儀表板).
Even if you don’t have a timepiece of some sort nearby, your body keeps its own beat. Humans have an internal clock that regulates(調(diào)節(jié)) the beating of our heart, the pace of our breathing, the discharge(排出) of chemicals within our bloodstream, and many other bodily functions.
Time is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally. 
By taking control of how you spend your time, you’ll increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you will have to spend on your outside interests.
The aim of time management is not to schedule every moment so we become slaves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, the aim is to permit us to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes.
【小題1】 The underlined word “ally” in Para.3 most likely means somebody or something that is ___.

A．your supporter and helps you	B．under your control and obeys you
C．under your influence and follows you	D．your slave and serves you

【小題2】 The author intends to tell you that time __________.

A．could be managed by the internal clock of human bodies

B．should be well managed for our own interest

C．should be saved for outside interests

D．could be regulated by a timepiece such as a clock or a watch

【小題3】 In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you _________.

A．how to make up for lost time	B．how to have a good time
C．how to make good use of time	D．how to keep up with the times

Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction workers, truck drivers, mechanican, steel workers, electricians, and the like. What makes this class differ from the lower class is, first, longer periods of employment—and therefore, more fixed incomes—and , second, employment in skilled or semi-skilled occupations, not unskilled ones. Although unemployment hits all levels of the American economy, including those of skilled and semi-skilled workers, it is most common at the bottom of the class structure and increasingly less common at each level upward. They consider themselves to be respectable and hard-working and they look down upon members of the “l(fā)ow” class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dishonest, and too ready to exploit public assistance.
Most people in the working class have at least high school education. Many have some experience of college(especially community college), though few are college graduates. Unionization has helped the working class, but a rapidly changing economy and frequent periods of high unemployment make it difficult for most of its members to be able to increase their savings greatly. Purchasing a house for people in this class is extremely difficult, although a certain percentage may receive houses from their parents. (Home-owning rises with social class.)
A greater number of the members of the working class take relatively little satisfaction in their jobs, because much of their work is ordinary and boring. As a result, many seek their main satisfaction in recreational activities. Many members of this class would like to earn enough money to leave their jobs and start their own businesses, though few make it. Many place their expectations on their children, hoping that they at least will rise in the ladder of success.
【小題1】 Which of the following is true about the working class?

A．They are often offered jobs with high incomes.

B．They are employed as skilled and semi-skilled workers.

C．They are often considered lazy and dishonest.

D．They are often exploited by the public.

【小題2】 The word “hit” in paragraph one roughly means__________.

A．have bad effects on	B．break up
C．beat	D．strike with a blow

【小題3】 Most people in the working class ________.

A．have at least some experience of college

B．receive houses from their parents

C．buy houses by themselves

D．have difficulty increasing their savings greatly

【小題4】 Many members from the working class are not satisfied with their jobs because _____.

A．they are not interested in their jobs.

B．they could not earn much money

C．they are not their own bosses

D．they could not rise in the ladder of success