Butter is bad for you—so is margarine（人造黃油）．Coffee raises blood pressure, but may protect against cancer．Alcohol is okay, but only if it's wine．The confusing studies on what is safe to eat and drink are enough to make it impossible for anyone to understand what "good food" is．
Take the margarine-butter debate for example．Studies that linked fat—found mostly in animal products such as meat and butter—with cancer and heart disease sent millions rushing to buy margarine．But then another study found that people who ate a lot of margarine also had high levels of heart disease．For those who have a firm faith in science, this seems to be the end of the world．
But many doctors point out that their advice has never been conflicting．For years, and in various countries, they have recommended eating less fat．
People in western countries such as Britain and the United States get about 40 percent of their calories from fat．Doctors say this should be around 30 or even 25 percent,
"We must try to reduce total fat," said Dr．Robert Richardson of the University of Edinburgh, who has been studying the effects of fat on human health for years．
"We need to go to more such food as bread, in particular brown bread, and more fruit and vegetables．"
Fresh produce may not be so safe, either．Last month the British Government advised consumers to peel their pears before eating, while many Americans briefly avoided apples because of fears over an insect killing chemical．
But Dr．Arnold, a British scientist, said any risk of such poisoning would be outweighed by the costs of not eating plant foods．
"On balance, if you were to put both risks against each other, the advice has to be eating as much fruit and vegetable daily as possible," she said．
In general, doctors conclude, variety truly is the best policy．"The general advice is pretty much the same advice that doctors have been talking about for a long time—a varied diet, a mixture of foods and not too much of any one," Arnold said．
【小題1】In which section of the magazine are you most likely to find this passage?

A．Arts and Culture	B．Entertainment
C．Nature	D．Health

【小題2】The British Government advised consumers to peel their pears before eating because ________．

A．it found that there were insects on the pears

B．it wanted consumers to avoid insect, killing chemicals

C．the skin of pears was found to be bad for people's health

D．it was a bad habit not to peel them

【小題3】The underlined word "outweigh" （Para. 8） means " __________．"

A．to be heavier than usual or allowed	B．to be more dangerous than
C．to be greater in value or importance than	D．to be considered less important than

【小題4】What can we infer from the passage?

A．Many doctors say that their advice has never been conflicting．

B．Science provides answers to all our questions．

C．We should peel our pears before eating．

D．We should eat plant foods despite the risk of poisoning．

For better or worse, multiple marriages aren't just for actress Elizabeth Taylor （famous for her eight marriages） anymore．
More Americans than ever are tying the knot for the third time or more．
Lynn Y. Naugle, a 53-yeap-old family therapist in New Orleans, says that people's personal needs and desires simply change as their life evolves．
"What functions well in the first part of our lives may not function well in the second or third part of our lives," she explains．The first marriage lasted 21 years, her second marriage five years．Two years ago, she wed for a third time, and she describes this union as an "extremely easy marriage"．
Today, at an estimated one of seven weddings, the bride, the groom or both are making that trip down the aisle for at least the third time．That's twice as many as a generation ago, according to the US National Centre for Health Statistics．
In part, the sudden change in multiple marriages is a side effect of the 1970s divorce increase that has supplied an ever expanding pool of divorced singles．Even the simple fact that people are living longer has opened the door to marrying more often．No fault divorce laws （meaning no one is blamed for the failure of the marriage）, and cultural changes have also meant there's less pressure than in past generations to stay in a joyless or abusive marriage．
While a single divorce didn't block either Ronald Reagan or Bob Dole from seeking the most highly demanding job in America—the US presidency—modern society still raises an; eyebrow at more than one
marriage mistake．
Indeed, there are signs that attitudes are changing．"It's coming out of the closet or becoming more accepted," says Glenda Riley, who wrote a book on the history of divorce in the US．"There's still embarrassment on the personal level, while there is growing acceptance on the public level for three or more marriages in a lifetime．"
There is no guarantee, of course, that the third time is the best．To the contrary, second and third marriages run an equal or greater risk of divorce than first marriages, which today are given 4 out of 10 odds of failing, and they tend to end more quickly．Divorce statistics show that failed second marriages typically end two years sooner than first marriages, lasting six years on average rather than eight．That leaves some doubly divorced people open for a third try at a relatively young age．
【小題1】What does the underlined phrase "tying the knot" （Para．2） mean?

A．Getting married．	B．Getting engaged．
C．Having babies．	D．Attending funerals,

【小題2】What is NOT the reason for the increase in multiple marriages according to the passage?

A．People are healthier and enjoy a longer life than ever before．

B．Many people have become single after a divorce boom in the past years．

C．There is no divorce law restricting people to getting divorced．

D．People have less pressure to leave a joyless marriage．

【小題3】What can we learn from the seventh paragraph?

A．Ronald Reagan and Bob Dole failed in seeking the job （the US presidency） because they were divorced．

B．Ronald Reagan and Bob Dole succeeded in seeking the job （the US presidency） because they were not divorced．

C．Modern society accepts multiple marriages completely．

D．There is still prejudice against multiple marriages in modern society．

【小題4】Which of the statement is WRONG?

A．Acceptance to multiple marriages is different on personal level and public level．

B．Because second marriages end sooner than first ones, people get married for the third time at a relatively young age．

C．People learn from experience so that a second or third marriage is more stable

D．The first marriage lasts eight year on average．

Trees should only be pruned (修剪) when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.
First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.
One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease , but it is a wound that will heal (愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the materials available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter , for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference (妨礙) from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly .
【小題1】．Why should pruning be done?

A．To make the tree grow taller.	B．To improve the shape of the tree.
C．to get rid of the small ranches .	D．To make the small branches thicker.

【小題2】．Trees become unhealthy if the gardener__________.

A．giving a tree a special shape and a definite height

B．removing small side branches and making a tree look less thick

C．a(chǎn)llowing too many branches to grow in the middle

D．having a tree surrounded by many other trees

【小題3】．Why is a special material painted on the tree?

A．To help a wound to dry.	B．to cover a rough surface.
C．To make a wound smooth.	D．To prevent disease entering a wound.

【小題4】．A good gardener prunes a tree _________ .

A．several times throughout the year	B．a(chǎn)s quickly as possible
C．occasionally when necessary	D．regularly every winter

【小題5】．What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage?

A．To discuss different methods of pruning.

B．To introduce some common knowledge of pruning.

C．To explain how trees develop disease.

D．To give practical instruction for pruning a tree.

That “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.
The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2,600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.
Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.
A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.
The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（膽固醇）but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them,” he said.
Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.
“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal（內(nèi)分泌）changes in their bodies,” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavourable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot（血凝塊）in the arteries（動(dòng)脈）which will cause a heart attack.”
“When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity,” said Willich.
【小題1】．Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows,         .

A．is not so serious as people thought

B．is harmful to working people in Germany and Italy

C．is the first killer in Germany and Italy.

D．is created by researchers in Germany and Italy

【小題2】．To protect people from suffering from heart attack, doctors have paid much attention to     .     

A．people’s working time	B．people’s living place
C．people’s diet and lifestyle	D．people’s nationalities

【小題3】．It can be learned from this passage that heart attack has nothing to do with     .

A．blood pressure

B．heart rate

C．hormonal changes

D．blood group

【小題4】．If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?

A．Stop working on Monday	B．Create a pleasant working environment
C．Get up late on Monday morning	D．Go to work with a doctor

【小題5】.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week to non-workers

B．33% of the Germans have heart diseases, therefore heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any other country.

C．20%of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.

D．Non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.

Dear All，
Happy New Year! A list of important dates for this term is attached to this letter．
Interviews for our April and September Primary One classes will take place on Tuesday and Wednesday，18th&19th January．Now is the time to apply for admission to Peak School．
Children are expected to weal their uniforms this term．As is usual at this time of the year，mornings at the school are quite cold and l would suggest children wear their sweaters to school．As the temperature goes up during the day，children tend to take off their outer clothes，so it is important that all sweatshirts are labeled(貼有標(biāo)簽)．
I have received a few requests from parents asking if their children can wear summer uniforms this term．I am of the view that all children in the school should follow the school policy and be dressed in the appropriate uniforms．In the longer term，a number of US at school have questioned the need to have a winter and summer uniform．Perhaps．with careful consideration，we can develop a uniform that will serve children for the whole academic year．
As the foggy(多霧)mornings start to appear，a number of parents have raised concerns over the safety of those children who walk to school．  Our dark green uniforms are not particularly visible to motorists．Hopefully, the “Uniform Committee” to be set up this term will deal with this particular issue．I will keep parents informed of the channels through which views may be expressed in future newsletters．
We still have a “No Hat，No Play” rule on the playground，so children need to ensure that they have their sunhats in school at all times．
Yours sincerely，
P D Tunesi
Principal
【小題1】The letter was most probably written      ．

A．when the school year ended

B．before the new term started

C．a(chǎn)fter kids were admitted to school

D．a(chǎn)fter kids were interviewed

【小題2】This letter was mainly written to      ．

A．teachers

B．visitors

C．students

D．parents

【小題3】What do we know about the present school uniforms?

A．The school has solved the problems．

B．They are invisible to motorists on foggy days．

C．The school is considering changing them．

D．There is a winter and summer school uniform．

【小題4】We can infer from the text that      ．

A．the school has strict rules on uniforms

B．kids can’t have classes without wearing hats

C．parents are satisfied with the uniforms

D．most kids walk to school on foggy mornings

  Windsurfing is a sport that combines sailing and surfing．In 1948，twenty-year-old Newman Darby first thought of using a handheld sail to contro1 a small boat．Darby did not apply for a patent(專利)for his design at first．However，he is recognized as the inventor of the first sailboard．
Californians Jim Drake，a sailor and engineer，and Hoyle Schweitzer，a surfer and skier received the patent for a sailboard．They called their design a windsurfer．The early windsurfer boards measured 3．5 meters long and weighed 60 pounds．Later in the l980s，Newman Darby did apply for and receive a design patent for a one—person sailboat．
In the late l940s，Newman Darby found he could control a 3-meter-long sailboat and make turns even without a rudder(舵)．In l964 he designed the first universal joint(萬向接頭)to go along with a flat bottom sailing boat．This sailboard was equipped with a universal joint，a board and a kite—shaped free sail and thus windsurfing was born．
Naomi Darby，Newman’s wife，was the first woman windsurfer and helped her husband build and design the first sailboard．She sailed while standing up，controlling the boat without the use of a rudder．She tilted(傾斜)the sail to change directions．This was something that had never been done before．
Hoyle Schweitzer began producing sailboards in the early 1970s．The sport became very popular in Europe．By the late 1970s，windsurfing fever had Europe firmly in its grasp with one in every three families having a sailboard．
The first windsurfing world championship was held in 1973．Windsurfing first became an Olympic sport for men in l984 and for women in l992．
【小題1】Jim Drake and Hoyle Schweitzer received the patent for the design of     ．

A．a(chǎn) sailboard called windsurfer	B．a(chǎn) kite—shaped free sail
C．the first universal joint	D．a(chǎn) one—person sailboat

【小題2】What can we learn from the text?  

A．Hoyle Schweitzer was a sailor and Jim Drake was a surfer．

B．Newman Darby’s wife supported him in his invention．

C．Newman Darby was the first to tilt the sail to change directions．

D．The first world windsurfing competition was held in the late l970s．

【小題3】Which is the correct order of the following events?
a．Newman Darby thought of controlling a boat with a handheld sail．
b．Newman Darby received his design patent．
c．Windsurfing became popular in Europe．
d．Windsurfing became an Olympic sport for women．

A．a(chǎn)cbd

B．a(chǎn)bcd

C．a(chǎn)cdb

D．bacd

【小題4】What is the main idea of the text?

A．The invention of windsurfing．	B．How windsurfing was popular in the world．
C．The history of windsurfing．	D．How windsurfing became an Olympic sport．

Hey there,
So you're about to spend four years of your life and tens of thousands of dollars of your parents' money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do you ever consider why you're going? 
Relax. You're making the right decision. First of all, you'll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. It's hard to decide whether you want to be a painter if you've never painted any pictures, until you're in a drawing-room on campus. College is also a lot of fun — after you graduate, you'll be working every weekday for 50 or so years. And remember that college graduate earn about twice the income of those who never attended college. 
Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, Johnson Review is here to help you every step of the way. 
*Researching Schools. The most important decision you'll make is to choose the school that really suits your best — not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped rooms. 
*Applying to School. On JohnsonReview.com, you’ll find hundreds of actual college applications and links to many more. 
*Raising Your Scores. American College Test is one of the most difficult parts of the admission(錄取) course. It's not the most important, though, and not everyone needs to prepare for the test. But, if you can do better, find the right course for better scores. 
*Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college instead of learning the ways to get financial aid. If you really do your research, you'll learn that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost. 
For more information, call 600-3681 or visit JohnsonReview.com. Wherever you go, have a nice trip! 
Johnson Smith 
Founder and CEO 
Johnson Review 
【小題1】How many reasons for going to college does the author mention in the text? 

A．5

B．4

C．3

D．2

【小題2】The author thinks you should choose the college that is _______________. 

A．famous

B．suitable

C．competitive

D．well-equipped

【小題3】 What does the author advise you to do to pay the high cost college? 

A．To study the financial courses.

B．To ask the society for donation.

C．To get to know how to ask for financial aid.

D．To do research on the financial system of college

【小題4】 What's the author's purpose of writing this test?

A．To make Johnson Review popular.

B．To help readers find the right college.

C．To suggest ways to prepare for college learning.

D．To introduce college life to high school students.

Most of the news in the newspapers is bad but sometimes there is a story with good news. This is one of those stories. Millions of people around the world suffer from AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and other serious diseases. There are medicines to treat these diseases but for people in poor countries, these medicines are too expensive to buy. When a pharmaceutical（制藥的）company produces a new medicine, they receive a special license called a patent. This license means that the new medicine or drug is protected for a period of 20 years. The company that produced the drug can fix the price of the drug and no other company is allowed to produce the same drug or a copy of the drug for 20 years. At the moment, these patents operate all over the world, both in rich countries and in poor countries. The drugs companies say that they need patents so that they can get the money to pay for research to find new drugs and medicines. In rich countries people usually have enough money to pay for these drugs but in poor countries people can’t afford to buy them and cannot treat diseases like AIDS and malaria.
Last month, however, a group of experts published a report which says that patents are very bad for poor countries. The report says that drug companies do not want to find new medicines for diseases of poor people in poor countries. It says that poor countries should be allowed to buy cheap drugs without patents from other countries.
The authors of the report were lawyers, scientists and a senior director from the drug company Pfizer. Of course, the pharmaceuticals industry doesn’t agree with the report, “We need patents so that we can develop new medicines to fight disease both in the developed and developing world,” said a spokesman. But the report is the first sign that there might be a change in the patent system. This change could save millions of lives in the world’s poorest countries. This really is good news.
【小題1】 Why are medicines expensive for people in poor countries?

A．They are protected by patents.	B．They are produced in rich countries.
C．They are imported.	D．They can cure the deadly diseases.

【小題2】 What does the underlined word “patent” in Para1 mean in Chinese?

A．執(zhí)照

B．專利權(quán)

C．專利品

D．商標(biāo)

【小題3】Why do drugs companies need patents?

A．To sell drugs in rich countries.

B．To sell drugs in poor countries.

C．To get money to produce new drugs.

D．To compete with other companies.

【小題4】 What does the report say?

A．Poor countries should spend more money on drugs.

B．Poor countries shouldn’t obey a pharmaceutical patent.

C．Poor countries should import drugs.

D．Poor countries should be allowed to make copies of drugs.

【小題5】What might happen if the patent system is changed?

A．Millions of lives will be saved in poor countries.

B．Drugs companies will stop producing drugs.

C．Drug companies will make more money.

D．The competition will be canceled.

Bernstein had been appointed Assistant Conductor for the New York philharmonic only a few months before that night. Just 25 years old, he was relatively inexperienced. At the last minute, Bernstein was told he was to take Walter’s place, so he didn’t have any time to rehearse（排演）. The music he was going to conduct was very difficult. Plus, the concert was going to be broadcast nationally on the radio. Despite all these pressures, Bernstein rose to the occasion and received a standing ovation（長久的鼓掌）at the end of the concert. The event made national headlines, and Bernstein became famous overnight.
Some people feel they do their best under the most stressful circumstances. What was it about Leonard Bernstein that made him do so well in such a difficult situation?
Perhaps Leonard Bernstein did so well because music was his devotion. The son of a man who supplied hairdressing products, Bernstein became interested in music at the age of 10. By the time he was a teenager, he was performing in public. He became a soloist of the Boston Public School Orchestra, and for 13 weeks in 1934, he played classics on the radio.
【小題1】The underlined word “break” in the first paragraph means “__________”.

A．rest

B．chance

C．pause

D．gap

【小題2】Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph?

A．The concert Bernstein was to play at was going to be broadcast nationally on TV.

B．The music Bernstein was going to conduct was very difficult.

C．When Bernstein was told he was to take Walter’s place, he had no time to practice the performance.

D．Before his performance as a conductor, Leonard Bernstein had little experience.

【小題3】Leonard Bernstein was successful at the concert because of __________.

A．the wonderful music	B．the stress of the circumstances
C．his devotion to music	D．Bruno Walter’s absence

【小題4】 From the last paragraph, we can learn that __________.

A．Leonard Bernstein was very clever

B．Leonard Bernstein’s parents worked hard

C．chances are important to a famous person

D．early interest led to Leonard Bernstein’s success

【小題5】What might be the best title for the text?

A．Leonard Bernstein’s Debut	B．Leonard Bernstein’s Life
C．A Young Soloist	D．A Great Conductor

When did you last see a polar bear? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club. These "Polar Bears" are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water. That day, the air temperature was 3℃, and the water temperature was a bit higher. The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60. Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group. This is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.
　　Doctors do not agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming. Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body's temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops. Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.
The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming. They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system（循環(huán)系統(tǒng)）because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm. Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water. A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold-water swimming.
　　The main benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming are probably mental. The Polar Bears love to swim year-round; they find it fun and relaxing. As one 70-year-old woman says. "When I go into the water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away."
【小題1】 The members of the Polar Bear Club must meet the following requirements except that
__________.

A．they must reach the age of 60

B．they should be easy to make friends with

C．they must swim outdoors at least 8 times in the four cold months

D．they must agree to swim outdoors from November through February

【小題2】 Doctors __________.

A．encourage people to take part in cold-water swimming actively

B．point out the possible danger of blood illness during cold-water swimming

C．believe swimming is helpful both in winter and in summer

D．have different ideas about the medical effects of cold-water swimming

【小題3】According to the passage, some doctors believe it is true that __________.

A．you are healthy if cold-water swimming turns your skin color blue

B．cold-water swimming causes more heart attacks in summer than in winter

C．cold-water swimming can make the body temperature dangerously high

D．Polar Bears are bears swimming in freezing water

【小題4】The Polar Bears like to swim all the year round, for __________.

A．they can remain young	B．it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winter
C．they find it enjoyable and interesting	D．they might meet fewer troubles in life

【小題5】 The passage is mainly about __________.

A．a(chǎn) group of cold-water swimming lovers

B．the polar bears' life

C．doctors' ideas about cold-water swimming

D．the requirements of the Polar Bear Club