“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine，newspaper, radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way to add to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure(查封)of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律訴訟)，and new devices appear continually. Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.
【小題1】It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are            .        .

A．objective

B．costly

C．unreliable

D．illegal

【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B. New products are more likely to be questionable.
C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D. The promoters usually just care about profits.
【小題3】FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product             

A．if it is a drug

B．if it is a device

C．if its consumers make complaints

D．if its distributors challenge FDA’s authority

【小題4】The Relaxacisor is mentioned as                   .

A．a(chǎn) product which was designed to produce electricity

B．a(chǎn) product whose distributor was involved in a legal case

C．a(chǎn) successful advertisement of a beauty product

D．a(chǎn)n example of a quality beauty product

【小題5】The author intends to            

A．make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promises

B．show the weakness of the law on product safety

C．give advice on how to keep young and beautiful

D．introduce the organization of FDA

Baby girls make their way directly for dolls as soon as they can crawl, while boys will head for the toy cars,  a study has shown. The findings, the first to show differences in very young babies, suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences.
Psychologists Dr Brenda Todd from City University London carried out an experiment involving 90 infants aged nine months to 36 months. The babies were allowed to choose from seven toys. Some were stereotypically boys' toys - a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy.  The rest were girls’ toys: a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set. They were placed a meter away from the toys, and could pick whichever toy they liked. Their choice and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded.
Of the youngest children (nine to 14 months), girls spent significantly longer playing with the doll than boys, and boys spent much more time with the car and ball than the girls did. Among the two-and three-year-olds, girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it. The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with cars, which the girls barely touched. There was no link between the parents’ view on which toys were more appropriate for boys or girls, and the children’s choice.
Dr Brenda Todd said: “Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given ‘toys that go’ while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preference. But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interests in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer moving objects, probably through hunting instincts（本能）, while girls prefer warmer colors such as pink, the color of a newborn baby.”
【小題1】Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because         .

A．baby boys are much more active

B．baby girls like bright colors more

C．their parents treat them differently

D．there is a natural difference between them

【小題2】Both baby boys and baby girls like to play with       according to the study.

A．a(chǎn) ball

B．a(chǎn) teddy

C．a(chǎn) car

D．a(chǎn) doll

【小題3】What can we infer from Paragraph 3 ?

A．Nine-month-old baby boys don’t play with dolls at all.

B．Two-year-old baby girls sometimes play with cars and balls.

C．The older the babies are, the more obvious their preference is.

D．Parents should teach their babies to share each other’s toys.

【小題4】What conclusion did Dr. Brenda Todd draw from the results of the study?

A．Adults purposely influence their babies preference.

B．Babies’ preference isn’t affected by social surroundings.

C．Baby boys preferring to moving toys will be good at hunting.

D．Baby girls preferring warmer colors will be warm-hearted.

【小題5】We may read this article in a        section of a newspaper.

A．science

B．health

C．education

D．entertainment

For centuries, the body's blood has been linked closely with the emotions．People who show no human emotions or feelings, are said to be cold-blooded killer．For example, the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer．He seems to kill for no reason, and no emotion, as if taking someone's life as nothing．
Cold can affect other parts of the body．The expression "get cold feet" has nothing to do with cold or your feet．The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do．For example, you agree to be president of an organization．But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned, and all the work of the organizations will be your responsibility．You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation．
The expression "give someone the cold shoulder" probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face to face．You may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you．Or, to someone who has lied about you to others．
A cold fish is not a fish．It is a person．But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth．A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone．Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted．Now a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathy．Several popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who, without feelings, broke the hearts of their lovers．
"Out in the cold" means not getting something that everybody else got．A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise——he was left out in the cold．And it is not a pleasant place to be．
【小題1】There are _____ expressions related to cold that are mentioned in the passage．

A．3

B．4

C．6

D．7

【小題2】When you refuse to speak to a man and treat him in a distant way, you may express by "_____"．

A．I give him the cold shoulder

B．I think he is a cold-blooded man

C．I think he is a cold fish

D．I'm likely to get cold feet

【小題3】If Sue shows absolutely no reaction to those awful pictures of starving children in Africa, you will say ______．

A．she is a cold-blooded killer

B．she gets cold feet

C．she is a cold fish

D．she is out in the cold

【小題4】We can use the expression "_____" to describe a man who abandons or hurts his lover without mercy．

A．cold-blooded

B．cold shoulder

C．cold feet

D．cold-hearted

【小題5】The topic of this passage is about _____．

A．the relationship between cold and our body

B．some expressions about friendship

C．some expressions connected with cold

D．how cold weather comes into being

When building houses, people used to think about not only the climate of the areas but also the building materials and the fashions for their houses. However, since electricity became more and more expensive, people began to pay much more attention to the energy they could get for their houses and the new ways they could find to protect their houses from both cold and heat.
Now, houses of an old yet new type have been widely built. In some parts of the world, people share their houses with their livestock（家畜）.During cold weather, they gather their cows, goats, or other animals and keep them on the first floor of their houses. The reasons are that the animals can be protected from the cold and that they can help to heat the houses as well. The body heat given off by the animals rises to the second floor of the houses, where people live. By sharing their houses with their livestock, people gain a source of heat.
People who live in or near cities do not usually keep livestock. However, home builders use the fact that heat rises. This natural law can be used in building houses in these areas. Instead of keeping livestock on the first floor, builders fill it with large rocks. As they are open to the sun’s rays during cold weather, these rocks take in heat. They also give off the heat, and, of course, the warm air rises into the living areas of the houses. So these houses are energy-saving.
House-building becomes a great challenge to building designers and energy engineers. They try to meet this challenge by learning from old traditions and by using modern technology. And someday in the future, people will be able to live in more energy-saving houses.
【小題1】What did people begin to consider as electricity was no longer cheap?

A．The climate of their areas.

B．The energy for their houses.

C．The fashions for their houses.

D．The building materials for their houses.

【小題2】People in some areas gain a source of heat by _________.

A．keeping their livestock downstairs

B．protecting their livestock from the cold

C．sharing their houses only with their cows

D．living on the second floor with their livestock

【小題3】The underlined words “natural law” in the third paragraph refer to the fact that ________.

A．heat raises the temperature in the houses

B．heat goes in the upward direction

C．heat goes up if temperature is raised

D．heat increases the temperature of rocks

【小題4】From the passage, we can conclude that __________.

A．people will no longer consider building materials in the future

B．energy-saving buildings will become more popular in the future

C．a(chǎn)lmost all people will move into the houses heated by large rocks

D．energy engineers will devote themselves only to modern technology

As a senior, my future is always on my mind. To be exact, thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test. Because of this, words of wisdom are a source of comfort. Steve Jobs gave a speech to Stanford’s graduating class in 2005 and his words resound repeatedly in my mind whenever I think about my future.
It wasn’t always like that, though. It started when I became a junior, when college came into view. It’s the first big step to making your life your own. So when Jobs discussed his life as a student, some fears were eased. He, too, felt the need to attend college to make something of himself. He faced what many are extremely afraid of: uncertainty. His lack of understanding caused him to stop attending college and focus on what he felt was important. His story had a happy ending, of course, since he certainly turned out well.
This doesn’t mean that students shouldn’t attend college, but rather that they shouldn’t worry so much. You’ll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding（蜿蜒的）than you’d like.
Jobs talked about the hardships in his work. His love of his work helped him carry on and he got where he was meant to be, which restates the point: don’t panic.
One particular part of his speech stayed with me. Steve Jobs quoted（引用）the saying “Stay hungry, stay foolish” and it has become my motto. Staying foolish is realizing that you are still a fool, no matter how much you’ve learned or experienced. There is always more to explore. Staying hungry is wanting to find those things about which you are still uneducated.
Steve Jobs’s level of success is attainable, and I aim to prove that. With the will power to go into the world living every day like it’s my last and allowing the future to take care of itself, I will do great things. In the last moments of my life, I’ll be proud of what I have done and hope to have all the wisdom a person could wish for.
【小題1】The author felt worried when _________.

A．he had to take tests at school

B．he thought about his future

C．he had lots of sleepless nights

D．he searched for words of wisdom

【小題2】It is suggested in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that _________.

A．Steve Jobs didn’t attend college

B．Steve Jobs failed because of his decision

C．the author is a college student

D．the author cares much about his future

【小題3】What did the author gain from Jobs’s speech?

A．Courage to drop out of school.

B．Confidence in defeating Jobs.

C．Interest in computer industry.

D．Bravery to face uncertainties.

【小題4】What did NOT Steve Jobs encourage students to do in his speech?

A．Have the desire to learn more.

B．Be content with what they know.

C．Stay calm in the face of hardships.

D．Be modest so as to learn more.

【小題5】The passage is mainly about _________.

A．the wisdom drawn from a speech

B．the most impressive quote in life

C．a(chǎn) memorable meeting with Jobs

D．a(chǎn)n experience of a speech

St. Paul’s Cathedral
Ludgate Hill, EC4
Underground: St. Paul’s; Bus: 6, 8, 11, 15, 22, 25
Open: Daily 8:00-19:00 (17:00 from Oct. to Mar.)
Entrance free
Designed by the great architect, Sir Christopher Wren, St. Paul’s Cathedral was built following the Great Fire of London of 1666, which destroyed the gothic cathedral on the site at that time. It is an inescapable attraction for all travellers to this great city and the most recognisable gothic cathedral in England. Its choir（唱詩班）is internationally famous. Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer were married here in 1981.
Buckingham Palace
South end of the Mall (SW1)
Underground: St. James’s Park, Victoria, Hyde Park Corner, Green Park; Bus: 2, 11, 14, 16, 19, 22, 24, 29, 30, 38, 52, 73, 74, 137
Buckingham Palace is Queen Elisabeth II’s official residence（住所）, and has been the official residence of Britain’s monarch（君主）since 1837. The State Rooms at Buckingham Palace have been opening to the public for the Annual Summer Opening, in August and September, since 1993. The Queen is not at Buckingham Palace when it is open to the public; she goes to one of her country residences. The State Rooms are extremely grand. You can see many of the treasures of the Royal Collection: paintings by Rembrandt, Rubens and Canaletto; and beautiful examples of English and French furniture.
The Tower of London
Tower Hill, EC3
Underground: Tower Hill; Bus: 42, 78
Open: Mon.— Sat.9:00-18:00; Sun.8:00-19:00
Parts of the Tower of London are over nine centuries old, as building began under William the Conqueror in 1078. Famous as a prison in the distant past, the Tower has also been a royal residence, a zoo and an observatory（瞭望臺）. It is now a museum and many thousands of people visit it every year in particular to see the Crown Jewels. Only by going inside can you experience nearly a thousand years of history and hear the myths and legends that make it “a day out to die for”.
Westminster Abbey
Broad Sanctuary, SW1
Underground: Westminster, St James’s Park; Bus: 3, 11, 12, 24, 29, 39, 53, 59, 76, 77, 88, 109, 155, 168, 170, 172, 184, 503
Open: Daily 8:00-18:00 (Mar. — Dec., Tuesday till 20:00)
Entrance free
Located next to the Houses of Parliament in the heart of London, Westminster Abbey is a gothic church and place of worship. The building of the present Abbey was started by King Henry III in 1245. The oldest parts of the building date back to 1050. Westminster Abbey has hosted many royal weddings including the wedding of The Queen and Prince Philip in 1947 and the wedding of Prince William and Kate in 2011. It is a traditional place of coronation（加冕禮）and burial for English monarchs—38 monarchs have been crowned at the Abbey. There are many tombs there, including those of Queen Elizabeth I, “Bloody” Queen Mary, naturalist Charles Darwin, many poets and writers.
【小題1】You can see the inside of all the buildings all the year around except ______.

A．St. Paul’s Cathedral	B．the Tower of London
C．Westminster Abbey	D．Buckingham Palace

【小題2】The two places you can visit by getting off at the same underground station are ______.

A．Buckingham Palace and Westminster Abbey

B．Buckingham Palace and St. Paul’s Cathedral

C．Westminster Abbey and the Tower of London

D．the Tower of London and St. Paul’s Cathedral

【小題3】Where is the text most probably taken from?

A．A history book about London.

B．A guidebook for visitors to London.

C．A book about London’s development.

D．A book about London’s churches.

“Cool” is a word with many meanings．Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold．As the world has changed，the word has had many different meaning．
“Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything．
When you see a famous car in the street，maybe you will say，“It's cool．”You may think，“He's so cool，”when you see your favorite footballer．
We all maximize（擴大） the meaning of “cool”．You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”．Here's an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used．A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall（瀑布）they had visited．On one student's paper was Just the one sentence，“It's so cool．Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt．
But the story also shows a scarcity（缺乏）of words．Without “cool”，some people have no words to show the same meaning．So it is quite important to keep some credibility（可信性）．Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word “cool”？ I can．And I think they are also very cool．
【小題1】We know that the word "cool" has had ________.

A．only one meaning	B．no meanings
C．many different meanings	D．the same meaning

【小題2】In the passage，the word “express” means “________”.

A．see

B．show

C．know

D．feel

【小題3】If you are _______ something，you may say，“It’s cool.”

A．interested in	B．a(chǎn)ngry about
C．a(chǎn)fraid of	D．unhappy with

【小題4】The writer takes an example to show he is ______the way the word is used．

A．pleased with	B．strange to
C．worried about	D．careful with

【小題5】In the passage，the writer suggests（暗示）that the word “cool”________．

A．can be used instead of many words

B．usually means something interesting

C．can make your life colorful

D．may not be as cool as it seems

Facebook means never having to say goodbye. The social media website has earned a reputation for reconnecting old friends. Last week，a guy whom I hadn't seen since my bachelor party five years ago sent me a friend request. I accepted and waited for “Easy E” to send me a greeting of some kind. He had sought me out，after all.
I learned from his profile that he was in a relationship and had a son. However，I'm pretty sure we won't ever write wall-to-wall，let alone e­mail each other. But he'll remain a friend of online until one of us makes a point of removing the other from his official list.
My pool of friends consists of family members，college buddies，co­workers from past and  present，and friends of friends. There are 35 in all. If I spent some time uploading old e­mail addresses，I'm confident that I could increase my friend count actually.
A person could make a mission out of reconnecting with childhood friends，former  classmates，distant cousins, and those one would like to get to know better. And some people can even handle hundreds of on­screen relationships，keeping up with the daily happenings of  their small army of companions. After all，there are worse fates than having too many friends.
Thanks to e­mail，the inability to schedule face-to-face meetings no longer means a  friendship must come to a close. But even with e­mail，people will lose touch if one or both  parties stop writing back. That’s normal. People move from school to school，job to job，city to city. You never have to feel guilty for breaking away.
Every day，the masterminds of Web 2.0 find new ways of making human communication  easier. However，convenience can be a crutch(拐杖)．Some things shouldn't be simplified. When it comes to friendship，there can be no shortcuts.
【小題1】According to Paragraph 1，the website is famous because ________.

A．it has an interesting name of “Facebook”

B．it helps people get in touch with old friends

C．it can send people a greeting of some kind

D．it reminds people of events in the past

【小題2】From the second paragraph we can learn that the writer ________.

A．would write to the friend quite often

B．a(chǎn)sked the friend to e­mail him

C．did get some information about the friend

D．would keep in touch with the friend forever

【小題3】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．There are 35 people in the author's list of friends right now.

B．The author communicates with all the 35 friends by e­mails.

C．The list of 35 friends doesn't include the old e­mail addresses.

D．It is not difficult for the author to increase his friend count.

【小題4】What does the author think of the convenience of communicating online?

A．The technology could not keep true friendship forever.

B．The social website of Facebook means nothing at all.

C．There will be no ways of making real friends online.

D．People will not lose friends with the help of the Facebook.

City buses are white and blue. Please board at the front door and pay the fare as you get on. The fare per ride is $1.50 for adults and $1.00 for senior citizens. The fare may be paid by cash, bus pass or multiple passes. Please pay the exact amount directly into the slot at the top of the fare box. Remember that bills are not accepted and drivers cannot make change for riders.
When you wish to get off the bus, please notify the driver in advance by pressing one of the buttons provided throughout the bus for this purpose. The bus may pass bus stops without stopping if no one is getting off or waiting to get on.
There are five subway lines in the city. The fare is set at five rates from $2.00 to $3.50 according to the number of predetermined “price zones” traveled. To purchase the appropriate ticket, please check the fare on the boards installed above the ticket-selling machines in each subway station.
Pass through the automated ticket gates by inserting the ticket into the slot. When getting off the subway at a station beyond the validity of the ticket, pay the additional fare at a fare-adjustment machine.
【小題1】What is the lowest cost of a subway ride for an adult?

A．$1.00.

B．$1.50 .

C．$2.00.

D．$3.50.

【小題2】How can a rider determine the fare of a subway ride?

A．It is automatically determined.

B．It is always $2.00

C．Fare-adjustment machines determine the fare.

D．All fares are posted.

【小題3】Bus riders can NOT use _________.

A．change

B．bills

C．a(chǎn) bus pass

D．a(chǎn) multiple pass

【小題4】According to the information, all bus riders should _________.

A．exit from the back door

B．let the driver know in advance if they want to get off

C．a(chǎn)sk the driver for chang.

D．pay according to a “price zone”

【小題5】This text mainly tells us _________.

A．how to use city buses and subways

B．how convenient city buses and subways are

C．how to pay the fare for city buses and subways

D．how well city buses and subways are equipped

The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public place. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700’s the world’s first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant (每日新聞). It came out in March 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter (波士頓新聞通訊), the first newspaper published in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation (發(fā)行量) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Dhimbun (朝日新聞).It sells more than 11 million copies every day.
【小題1】The first daily newspaper came out in _____.

A．59 BC

B．700’s

C．1609

D．1620

【小題2】The first regular published newspaper in Europe was printed in _____.

A．England

B．Germany

C．France

D．Sweden

【小題3】The first printed newspaper in America came out in _____.

A．Washington

B．New York

C．Boston

D．New Orleans

【小題4】Today there are about _____ daily newspaper printed in the United States.

A．1621

B．1704

C．1760

D．1800

【小題5】Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A．The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam.

B．English language newspaper sells more than 11 million copies every day.

C．Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper in 1608.

D．The first daily English newspaper came out in March 1702.