LONDON—Life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to permanent(永久的) fast-forward.
Their full school day and her job as a lawyer's assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while dropping off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.
Often, the exhausted family doesn't get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today's world, middle-class American and British parents treat their children as if they are competitors racing for some finishing line.
Parents take their children from activity to activity in order to make their future bright. It seems that raising a genius has become a more important goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.
"Doctors across the country are reporting a growing number of children suffering from stomachaches and headaches due to exhaustion and stress," says child expert William Doherty of the University of Minnesota.
Teachers are dealing with exhausted kids in the classroom. It's a very serious problem. Many children attend after-school clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create an explosion of activities. They include sports, language, music and math classes for children as young as four.
"There is a new parenting trend under way which says that you have to tap all your child's potential at a young age; otherwise you will let him down,” says Terry Alter, a Cambridge-based child and adolescent psychiatrist （青少年精神病專家）
"It isn't entirely new: there have always been pushy parents. But what was previously seen as strange behaviour is now well accepted."
【小題1】From the second paragraph of this passage we can find that ______.

A．Hagner wastes much time helping her children's lessons

B．Hagner doesn't spend much time on her full-time job

C．Hagner is interested in spots and music

D．Hagner busies herself by following a trend

【小題2】British parents, as the writer described in this passage, _____.

A．treat their children as spots players

B．pay no attention to their children's lessons

C．bring up their children in a simple way

D．give their children little time to develop freely

【小題3】The writer's opinion about after-school clubs is that ______.

A．a(chǎn)ctivities in the country are too competitive

B．children should attend four clubs at a time

C．some clubs result in competitive pressures

D．clubs should have more subjects for school children

【小題4】The last paragraph tells us that in Britain ______.

A．parents used to take their children to every club

B．parents used to be wise on how to raise children

C．parents have all benefited from children's clubs

D．parents have come to know the standard of education

Kataria is the founder of the worldwide laughter movement. The celebration of world Laughter Day is a positive activity for world peace and is intended to build up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship through laughter. The first “World Laughter Day” gathering took place in Mumbai, India, on 11th January 1998. 12,000 members from India and international Laughter Clubs attended it. Now there are over 5,000 Laughter Clubs worldwide on all 5 continents.
“HAPPY-DEMIC” was the first World Laughter Day gathering outside India. It took place on 9th January 2000. In Copenhagen, Denmark , more than 10,000 people gathered at Town Hall Square. The event went into Guinness Book of World records. “World Laughter Day” is now organized on the first Sunday of May every year. Hundreds of people gather worldwide on that day to laugh together.
Today, many people fear widespread international terrorism. The world has never faced so much unrest before. People are at war within themselves. Laughter is a universal language, which has the ability to unite humanity without religion. Laughter can build a common connection between various religions and create a new world order. The idea may sound over-ambitious (野心太大的), and maybe it is. But maybe it is not. It is our deep belief that laughter and only laughter can unite the world, building up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship.
Studies also say that laughter helps your body do the following: lower blood pressure; lighten depression; reduce stress; work out the heart, especially for those who are unable to perform physical exercise. So in life, when you can laugh, you should laugh loudly and with your entire body—because it’s good for you.
【小題1】The purpose of celebrating World Laughter Day is        .

A．to build up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship through laughter

B．to build a common connection between various religions

C．to reduce stress and lighten depression

D．to lower blood pressure

【小題2】The first World Laughter Day gathering outside India took place _      _.

A．on llth January 1998	B．on the first Sunday of May
C．on 9th January 1996	D．on 9th January 2000

【小題3】The author's attitude towards laughter movement is      .

A．positive

B．negative

C．uninterested

D．objective

【小題4】The passage is mainly about _______.                           

A．World Laughter Day and its significance（重要意義）

B．the worldwide laughter movement

C．a(chǎn) universal language

D．laughter

If you want to keep healthy, you should have good habits. What is a habit? It is something we do very often. We don’t even think when we do it. It has become a part of our lives.
“Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” This is an old English saying. Do you know what it means? It means that we must go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning. If we do, we shall be healthy, rich and clever.
Is this true? Perhaps it is. We know the body must have enough sleep. Boys and girls need eight or nine hours’ sleep every day.
Some people go to bed late at night and get up late in the morning. This is a very bad habit. Then you will not think or do your work well. Of course, you can’t be healthy, wealthy or wise.
When we get up early in the morning, we can go out and do morning exercises. Exercise means doing things with the body. Walking, running jumping, swimming, and playing ball games are all exercise. If we don’t exercise, our body will become weak.
Exercise helps the blood (血液) to move around inside our body. Blood takes food to all parts of our body.
Our body also needs air to breathe. Without air, we will die. We must have lots of clean fresh air if we want to be healthy. That is why many people like to go out to do morning exercise.
【小題1】From the passage we know that it is good for our health to ____ .

A．eat a lot

B．go to bed early

C．get up late

D．go to bed late

【小題2】How long should young boys and girls need to sleep a day?

A．More than ten hours	B．Over eleven hours.
C．Less than seven hours.	D．Eight hours or so.

【小題3】If we want to keep healthy, we must ____ .

A．eat more food

B．sleep more

C．get up late

D．take enough exercise

【小題4】Which of the following habits is NOT GOOD?

A．Don’t go to bed until twelve o’clock..

B．Take a walk after supper.

C．Run in the open air early in the morning.

D．Climb hills for half an hour early in the morning.

Health experts are calling for action to expand cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer aggressively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries.
They discover cancer dills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis (肺結(jié)核) and malaria (瘧疾) combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries.
Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the authors of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer.
Felicia Knaul says, “And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It’s the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it’s the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it.”
Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs.
【小題1】What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Cancer – a leading cause of death in poor countries

B．What should we do in preventing and treating cancer?

C．What makes the first killer in developing countries?

D．Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer in poor countries.

【小題2】Felicia Knaul’s experience in Mexico shows that       .

A．many Mexican women suffer from breast cancer

B．there is not enough medicine for cancer there

C．many Mexican women can’t afford medical care

D．patients with breast cancer are treated differently

【小題3】From what Felicia Knaul says, we can draw the conclusion that       .

A．breast cancer is a great threat to young women

B．people don’t pay enough attention to breast cancer

C．breast cancer is the second killer among women in Mexico

D．effective treatment for breast cancer is available in developing countries

【小題4】Who plays an important part in preventing the cancer in developing countries?

A．The cancer patients.

B．The health experts.

C．Community health workers.

D．Young women.

【小題5】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The number of cancer cases is decreasing.

B．HIV/AIDS is not being taken seriously in Africa.

C．Over 7.5 million people die of cancer every year.

D．It is very expensive to treat cancer.

When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn't understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laughs turned into crying.
So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing are controlled by the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so does crying.
Whatever helps us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.
Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendlier and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don't even know we're very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.
Just as crying can be healthy, not crying---holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering---can be bad for physical health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can 1ead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illness. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural, healthy and emotional response.
【小題1】Why didn't the author cry when her grandmother died?

A．Because her father did not want her to feel too sad.

B．Because she did not love her grandmother.

C．Because she was too shy to cry at that time.

D．The author doesn't give the explanation.

【小題2】It can be inferred from the text that _______________________.

A．there are two ways to keep healthy

B．emotional health has a close relationship to physical health

C．crying and laughing play the same roles

D．crying does more good to health than laughing

【小題3】According to the author, which of the following statements is true?

A．Crying is the best way to get help from others.

B．Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.

C．We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.

D．We must cry if we want to reduce pressure

【小題4】What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A．Why We Cry	B．How to Keep Healthy
C．Power of Tears	D．New Scientific Discovery

【小題5】What is the author's attitude to "crying"?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Touched.

D．Upset.

"Children should not be left unsupervised (無(wú)人監(jiān)督的) to play with a dog." say experts in this week's British Medical Journal. Their advice is part of a review aimed at doctors who deal with dog bites.
"Dog bites and maulings are a worldwide problem, particularly in children." write Marina Morgan and John Palmer. Every year 250,000 people who have been bitten by dogs attend minor injuries and emergency units in the United Kingdom, and half of all children are reportedly bitten by dogs at some time, boys more than girls.
Accurate death figures are difficult to obtain, but in the past five years, two to three cases a year have made news headlines.
Based on the latest medical evidence, they advise doctors how to examine and treat a patient presenting with a dog bite. They discuss the risk of infection and when to refer to specialist care. For travelers bitten abroad, they suggest assessing the risk of rabies(狂犬病).
In terms of prevention, they suggest that children should be taught to treat dogs with respect, avoid direct eye contact, and not tease them. They should be taught not to approach an unfamiliar dog; play with any dog unless under close supervision; run or scream in the presence of a dog; pet a dog without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating, sleeping, or caring for its babies.
"Dog owners also need to change their behavior", says Rachel Besser, a children's doctor and lifetime dog owner, in an article.
"It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog", she says. Just as some parents are obliged to take parenting classes, she would like to see compulsive classes for expectant dog owners to teach them about the responsibilities of dog ownership. Educational programs are also needed to teach children about some precautionary （預(yù)防的) behaviors around dogs.
Finally, she would like to see animal doctors advising dog owners about bite prevention, and doctors promoting bite prevention when treating patients who have been bitten by dogs.   
【小題1】Dog biting is a problem which _____.

A．only happens to a few children	B．should be paid attention to
C．only boys may meet with	D．has made news headlines

【小題2】The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refers to "________" .
A. doctors         B. parents            C. experts            D dog owners
【小題3】To avoid dog bites, a child should be taught to_____.

A．have direct eye contact	B．a(chǎn)pproach an unfamiliar dog
C．run or scream in the presence of a dog	D．leave a dog feeding itself

【小題4】What are Rachel Besser's words mainly about?

A．It's necessary to teach children how to raise dogs.

B．Children should be taught not to play with dogs.

C．All the dog owners would like to attend classes on caring for dogs.

D．Some dog owners would like children to be left unsupervised with a dog.

【小題5】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A．Dogs, Dangerous To Children

B．Children Should Know Behaviors Around Dogs

C．Doctors, Treat Dog Bites Correctly

D．Never Leave Children Unsupervised With Dogs

Why does the rate of heart attacks increase during the World Cup football finals? How can we help an overweight patient to lose weight? They’re just some of the topics covered in a new book by University of Sussex academics, which is helping student doctors to consider the importance of psychology in medical practice.
Psychology for Medicine is the first textbook of its kind, providing medical trainees and new doctors with all the relevant psychological knowledge they need. Previously, students had to refer to many different books for the relevant psychology.
The book, by Sussex psychologists Dr. Sussex Ayers and Dr. Richard de Visser, has been well received by fellow academics and medical doctors and was finished with the help of the students and staff of the Brighton and Sussex Medical School. The students proofread（校對(duì)） the chapters, provided ideas for the content and even modeled for the photographs. The book provides a solid grounding in psychological study relevant to medicine, along with practical tips and advice for practice. One student, Simon Hall, drew cartoons for the book.
The study psychology is important for doctors for a number of reasons. Psychological and physical symptoms are highly related. Up to a third of patients will have psychological disorders, while physical causes are usually only found in around 15 per cent of people’s symptoms. In treatment, a lot of the effect drugs can be due to patients believing they will recover rather than the drug itself.
Dr. Ayers says, “The important thing about this book is that it’s applied science --- it shows why psychology is important to medicine and how we should use it. The book’s presentation is really important. It’s not just lots of theory, but full of tips and advice so that students can take what they learn in the classroom and apply it to real-life situations.”
【小題1】The book Psychology for Medicine is mainly written for ________.

A．scientists

B．overweight people

C．patients

D．student doctors

【小題2】What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．The topics of the book.	B．The comments on the book.
C．The contributors to the book.	D．The characteristics of the book.

【小題3】According to the text, the book Psychology for Medicine _________.

A．is a bit difficult to understand.

B．is mainly about how to lose weight.

C．included tips on training football players.

D．focuses on the importance of psychology in treatment

【小題4】We can infer that the text is a(n) ______.

A．research report	B．introduction to a book
C．a(chǎn)dvertisement for a book	D．introduction to a psychologist

Long ago, operation usually had to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best to save him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.
Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called “l(fā)aughing gas”. Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didn’t seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself．He asked a friend to help him．
Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Wells’ teeth. Wells felt no pain at all.
As he didn’t know enough about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out. 
Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never forgot this terrible event.
【小題1】Long ago，when the sick man was operated on, he _________．

A．could feel nothing	B．could not want anything
C．could feel all the pain	D．could do anything

【小題2】Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to _________．

A．be afraid of anything

B．feel pain

C．want to go to the parties

D．be ill

【小題3】If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he _________．

A．felt nothing	B．felt very comfortable
C．still felt pain	D．would die

【小題4】One who took too much of the laughing gas _________．

A．would laugh all the time	B．would be very calm
C．would never feel pain	D．would die.

The physical memory dump error is a big problem that affects even the most advanced computer systems．Although it's quite a rare error, it's one of the most stopping what you're doing and restarting your computer—making you lose all your unsaved data．This is a big problem, but there is actually a very easy way to fix it．
There are two reasons why the physical memory dump happens．The first is pretty simple and is to do with the "hardware", and if any of these pieces are not fit for your system, it will cause the physical memory dump．So, if you've recently added any hardware to your PC, then take that out and see if it works．
The other reason is your system, the "registry"．The registry is a big database that operates in the background of Windows, storing all sorts of settings and information about your PC．The problem with the registry is that since it has so many important files inside, it's constantly got hundreds of files open every time you use your PC．And because there are so many files to open at once, Windows is constantly getting confused, leading it to save many of these files in the wrong way．These files go wrong when saved wrongly, making them difficult for your computer to read．However, if it can't read the files at all, it has no choice but to stop everything it's doing and restart your PC．This is why the physical memory dump error appears so easily—because when a registry file is so wrong that it can't be read, your computer needs to refresh itself immediately．
This latter reason for causing the physical memory dump is actually extremely common and the likelihood is that your PC is suffering from it, if you're seeing this error．Luckily, it's also incredibly easy to fix—you just need to use a software tool called a "registry cleaner" to go through the registry and fix all the problems in there．
【小題1】From the text we can infer that ________．

A．the dump error often happens to your PC

B．the dump can be dealt with easily

C．only the advanced computers suffers from the error

D．the dump error can cause the data in your PC to be lost

【小題2】The reason that your PC has the dump error is that ___________．
A．the hardware loses its memory
B．your Windows needs to be upgraded
C．you have saved wrong files in the PC
D．you have stored too many files in the PC．
【小題3】What’s problem with the registry when your PC goes wrong?
A．The register can’t read the files correctly．
B．It must open 100 files every time you use your PC．
C．The register doesn’t agree with the database．
D．The register must save many important files inside．
【小題4】What does a registry cleaner means?

A．A software which can help you save time．

B．A software which can remove unnecessary files

C．A software which can repair the machine．

D．a(chǎn) software which makes your PC down．

NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive experiences in nightmares.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly wipe out the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain, So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are wiped out. They are not sure to what degree people's memories are affected.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
“Some memories can ruin people's lives. They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.“This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say that maybe the pills can change people's memories and changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
“All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were terrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser ,a medical ethicist.
【小題1】The passage is mainly about       .

A．a(chǎn) new medical invention

B．a(chǎn) new research on the pill

C．a(chǎn) way of wiping out painful memories

D．a(chǎn)n argument about the research on the pill

【小題2】We can infer from the passage that       .

A．experts are not sure about the effects of the pills.

B．the pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories

C．taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health

D．the pill has already been produced and used by the public in America

【小題3】Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with in the last paragraph?

A．some memories can ruin people's lives.

B．people want to get rid of bad memories.

C．experiencing bad events makes us different from others.

D．the pill will reduce people's sufferings from bad memories.

【小題4】You may probably read the passage in     

A．a(chǎn) guidebook	B．a(chǎn) textbook
C．a(chǎn) medical magazine	D．a(chǎn) science fiction