Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different sense, to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses. While most animals use more than one sense.
Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda (大熊貓) eats only one particular type of bamboo (竹子). Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly (蝴蝶) will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet (多樣化飲食). The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.
Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health, Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.
【小題1】We can infer from the text that humans and animals - —.

A．depend on one sense in choosing food

B．a(chǎn)re not satisfied with their food

C．choose food in similar ways

D．eat entirely different food

【小題2】Which of the following eats only one type of food?

A．The white butterfly.

B．The small bird.

C．The bear.

D．The fox.

【小題3】Certain animals change their choice of food when _________

A．the season changes

B．the food color changes

C．they move to different places

D．they are attracted by different smells

【小題4】We can learn from the last paragraph that___________ .

A．food is chosen for a good reason

B．French and British food is good

C．some people have few choices of food

D．some people care little about healthy diet

Ten years ago I used to be very fit (健康的). I rode a bike to work and I got a lot of exercise at weekends. I used to play tennis a lot and go for long walks. In those days I didn’t earn very much. I had a job in an office. It wasn’t a very good job but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed doing.
Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day. I began to take people out to lunch. And I began to put on weight, too. I stopped playing tennis and going for long walks at weekends because I just didn’t have any time for things like that any more.
There’s a lot of stress (壓力) in my job. Perhaps that’s why I started drinking more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and instead of having one glass, I would have several. I started smoking a lot, too. I never used to smoke at all.
Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn’t believe it. Luckily it wasn’t very serious. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He also advised me to work less and get more exercise. But I just haven’t any time! My job takes everything out of me!
Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do something like I used to do. But if I do that, I won’t earn as much. I have a family to support. I have to think of them, too. I just don’t know what I should do. What do you think?
【小題1】Compared with ten years ago, what is worse for the author now?

A．His job.	B．His pay.
C．His means of transport.	D．His health.

【小題2】 According to the passage, when the author got the better job, which of the following is NOT true?

A．He got higher pay.

B．His working hours weren’t long.

C．He found it very stressful.

D．He had little free time at weekends.

【小題3】After the author had a heart attack, the doctor advised him _____.

A．not to work any longer

B．to take a long vacation abroad

C．to stop smoking and take exercise

D．not to eat out any more

Mark Ramirez, a senior executive at AOL, could work in the comfortable leather chair, if he wanted. No, thanks. He prefers to stand most of the day at a desk raised above stomach level.
“I’ve got my knees bent. I feel totally alive,” he said. “It feels more natural to stand.”
In the past few years, standing has become the new sitting for 10 percent of AOL employees at the firm’s Virginia branch. Part of a standing popularity is among accountants, programmers, telemarketers and other office workers across the nation.
GeekDesk, a California firm that sells desks raised by electric motors, says sales will triple this year.
Standers give various reasons for taking to their feet: It makes them feel more focused, prevents drowsiness(困倦睡意), and makes them feel like a general even if they just push paper. (Former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfels works standing up. So does novelist Philip Roth.)
But unknown to them, a debate (辯論) is spreading among ergonomics experts（人類工程學(xué)家） and public-health researchers about whether all office workers should be encouraged to stand—to save lives.
Doctors point to surprising new research showing higher rates of diabetes, obesity, heart disease and even mortality among people who sit for long stretches. A study earlier this year in the American Journal of Epidemiology showed that among 123,000 adults followed over 14 years, those who sat more than six hours a day were at least 18 percent more likely to die during the time period studied than those who sat less than three hours a day.
“Every rock we turn over when it comes to sitting is astonishing,” said Marc Hamilton, a leading researcher on inactivity physiology at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Louisiana. “Sitting is harmful. It’s dangerous. We are on the cusp (尖端) of a major revolution.” He calls sitting “the new smoking”.
Not so fast, other experts say. Standing too much at work will cause more long-term back injuries. Incidences of varicose veins(靜脈曲張) among women will increase. The heart will have to pump more.
Hedge, the Cornell professor, isn’t a fan of all this standing. “Making people stand all day is dumb,” he said.
The sensible and most cost-effective strategy（策略）, he said, is to sit in a neutral posture（姿勢(shì)）, slightly reclined(下彎的), with the keyboard on a tray above the lap. This position promotes positive blood flow. Workers should occasionally walk around, stretch and avoid prolonged periods at the desk. The key, he said, is movement, not standing.
【小題1】Marc Hamilton said “Every rock we turn over when it comes to sitting is astonishing” to show that________.

A．the result of the study about sitting too long is shocking

B．we need to remove many rocks

C．we need to smooth away many difficulties

D．sitting on a rock is necessary

【小題2】 The following are the reasons why some experts are against standing too long except      .

A．It will cause more long-term back injuries

B．it will raise the burden of heart

C．incidences of varicose veins among women will increase

D．standing too much at work per day is too tiring

【小題3】 According to the studies in the passage mentioned,      .

A．it is better not to stand more than 6 hours

B．sitting too long can arouse illnesses easily

C．sitting long is specially harmful to adults

D．standing much is better than sitting long

【小題4】Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Standing is not better than sitting

B．Standing more does no harm to people

C．Standing will promote the efficiency

D．More office workers take standing against sitting

Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experi­ment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention to class.
Opposite to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.
【小題1】During the test, those who were tested were given ________.

A．no breakfast at all	B．very rich breakfast
C．little food for breakfast	D．different breakfasts or none

【小題2】The results of the test show that ________.

A．breakfast has great effect (影響) on work and studies

B．breakfast has little to do with a person’s work

C．a(chǎn) person will work better if he has a simple breakfast

D．those working with brains should have much for breakfast

【小題3】The passage mentions that many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast, you will ____.

A．lose weight

B．not lose weight

C．be healthier

D．gain a lot of weight

【小題4】Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

A．Poor breakfast affects those who work with brains.

B．Morning diet may cause one to get fatter.

C．Reducing lunch and supper is of less value in weight losing.

D．Eating less in lunch and supper may help to lose weight.

Having one of those days—or weeks—when everything seems to annoy you? Even if you do nothing about it, your bad mood(心情) will probably go away after some time. But with a little effort, you can forget it much faster—often within a day or two.
Walk it off
Exercise is the most popular bad ­mood buster. A person who's in a bad mood has low energy and high tension. Taking a fast ten­-minute walk, or doing some quick  exercises can do wonders towards changing the bad mood.
Tune it out
Listening to your favorite music for a while can also make tension go away quickly, because music starts connection with past positive experiences we've had.
Give yourself a pep talk
Stop and listen to what's on your mind. Bad moods are often started by too many negative thoughts. Write them all down on paper, the pessimistic(悲觀的) messages you've been giving yourself, and then give optimistic answers. (“I still don't have a job.” vs “I have two interviews next week.”)
Reduce your stress
Relaxation techniques are wonderful mood­lifters. These include deep breathing, stretching and visualizing(想像), all of which sound complicated(復(fù)雜的) but aren't. One easy way to visualize: close your eyes and picture a favorite place, such as the beach. Another simple way to distress is to make a to­do list. One reason for being in a bad mood is feeling you have no options. By taking control over certain areas,  you realize you're not helpless. You can make changes in your mood and life.
Avoid things that won't improve your mood
TV may not help much: you need to increase your energy level and stimulate(刺激) your mind—something that the TV show “Neighbors” won't do. And before you reach for that piece of cake and coffee, think about how mood and food are linked. Sugar and caffeine contribute to depressed moods. The better choice? Research shows that carbohydrates, such as potatoes and pasta(面食), produce calming effects in people who have a desire for them.
【小題1】Which of the following may help us stop a bad mood?

A．Doing nothing about it	B．Exercising and enjoying music.
C．Writing down negative thoughts	D．Talking about it with neighbors.

【小題2】Why is it suggested that you close your eyes and picture the beach?

A．It helps remove bad mood.	B．It brings us a new technique.
C．It is not complicated to do so.	D．It is an area to be easily controlled.

【小題3】TV may not improve your mood because it _____________.

A．shows what happens around you	B．does not energize you
C．reminds you of eating and drinking	D．produces a calming effect

【小題4】Which would be the best title for this passage?

A．Energy Level and Stress	B．How to Beat a Bad Mood
C．Bad Mood and Our Life	D．How to Control Your Feeling

In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”. To many people the cause is obvious (明顯的): they eat too much. But scientific evidence (證據(jù)) does little to support this idea. Going back to America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they at e more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch television.
Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people don’t eat more on average than thinner people. A 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers showed that fat people eat less than slim (苗條的) people.
Studies also show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting facts:
The more the man ran, the greater loss of the body fat.
The more they ran, the greater increase in food intake.
Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.
【小題1】Nowadays many Americans have the problem that ______.

A．they are too slim	B．they work too hard
C．they are too fat	D．they lose too much body fat

【小題2】According to the passage, how many people in 900 Americans have a “weight problem”?

A．150.

B．300.

C．600.

D．270.

【小題3】Is there any scientific evidence to support the idea that eating too much is the cause of a “weight problem”?

A．Yes, there is plenty of evidence.

B．Of course, there is some evidence to support this.

C．There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.

D．We are not sure.

【小題4】The Americans in 1910 ________.

A．a(chǎn)te more food and had more physical activities

B．a(chǎn)te less food but had more physical activities

C．a(chǎn)te less food and had less physical activities

D．had more problems

Nowadays more and more people are trapped in too busy work to relax themselves. We have no time to tell a bed-time story to our children, or enjoy a nice dinner with our family, or take a break to think about how we live the precious life, or even meet friends. All we notice is that the distinctions that used to guide and steady us ------ between Sunday and Monday, public and private, here and there ------ are gone. We have more ways to communicate, but less and less to say. Partly because we’re so busy communicating.
Maybe that’s why more and more people I know, even if they have no religious commitment, seem to be turning to yoga, or meditation, or tai chi. Some friends of mine try to go on long walks every Sunday, or to “forget” their cellphones at home. A series of tests in recent years has shown that after spending time in quiet rural settings, subjects “exhibit greater attentiveness, stronger memory and generally improved cognition. Their brains become both calmer and sharper.” More than that, empathy, as well as deep thought, depends on neural processes that are “inherently slow. ” The very ones our high-speed lives have little time for.
In my own case, I turn to eccentric and often extreme measures to try to keep my sanity and ensure that I have time to do nothing at all. I’ve not yet used a cellphone and I’ve never Tweeted or entered Facebook. I try not to go online till my day’s writing is finished, and I moved from Manhattan to rural Japan.
None of this is a matter of principle or asceticism (苦行主義): it’s just pure selfishness. Nothing makes me feel better-----calmer, clearer and happier----than being in one place, absorbed in a book, a conversation, a piece of music. It’s actually something deeper than mere happiness: it’s joy, which the monk David Steindl-Rast describes as “that kind of happiness that doesn’t depend on what happens.” That is the highest of the highest we have been longing for----The Joy of Quiet.
【小題1】The writer sometimes doesn’t do anything because ________.

A．he is out of work .

B．whatever he does make no sense

C．he is worried about his writing.

D．he can enjoy himself in his leisure time.

【小題2】When the writer uses the word “forget” , his real meaning is _______.

A．Somebody really forgets his cellphone at home.

B．Somebody thinks cellphone is not a suitable means of communication.

C．Somebody hates modern techniques such as the cellphone.

D．Somebody leaves his cellphone at home on purpose.

【小題3】Which of the following is right?

A．It is better to go back to the ancient times since we are so busy now.

B．The writer is unwilling to help others since he is selfish.

C．Slowing down to find time and space to think and enjoy oneself is urgent.

D．We have more to say because we have more ways to communicate.

【小題4】What does the underlined word mean?

A．difference

B．sameness

C．simplicity

D．complication

【小題5】What is the main idea of the article?

A．The importance of spending time in quiet.

B．We can do some sports such as yoga to relax.

C．Principle or asceticism is important in one’s life.

D．The more we communicate, the more we will be closer.

Mom noticed that something was wrong when I started getting so thirsty. I’d have a lot to drink before bed, which was unusual for me. One time, I opened a big container of apple juice and kept refilling my glass. Before I knew it, I’d drunk the entire container! My mom called my doctor. I then had a few blood tests, and the results were certain — I had diabetes (糖尿病), which meant that the amount of sugar in my blood was very high. That can be dangerous, so I had to learn how to control my blood-sugar level.
My eating habits had to change in a big way. With diabetes, I can’t eat a lot of sugar or carbohydrates (碳水化合物). I have to figure out exactly how much sugar I plan to eat, and then I get an injection of insulin (注射胰島素) before the meal to help my body process the food. Also, I test my blood-sugar level often. I’m always trying to keep my blood sugar at a healthy level. The level can drop when I exercise, but that doesn’t keep me out of gym class or off the basketball court — I just keep some juice boxes around to boost my blood sugar if I need to.
It’s a lot of work — and not a lot of fun — to keep track of everything, but I’ve gotten used to my new habits. I was a little scared at first because I wasn’t sure how my life would change. Once I knew what I needed to do, though, it wasn’t a big deal. My life is different now from what it was before, but it has become completely regular to me.
【小題1】The first paragraph is mainly about _____.

A．who found the author had diabetes

B．the author’s life before having diabetes

C．how the author was found to have diabetes

D．the author’s eating habits before having diabetes

【小題2】What did the author do after knowing she had diabetes?

A．She stopped playing basketball in the gym.

B．She controlled her blood-sugar level strictly.

C．She stopped eating food with natural sugar.

D．She tested her blood-sugar level before every meal.

【小題3】What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Increase.

B．Control.

C．Absorb.

D．Test.

【小題4】What’s the author’s attitude toward her having diabetes now?

A．Worried.

B．Frightened.

C．Pessimistic.

D．Positive.

The Five Rules for Keeping Fit
Hi, there! I'm Grystal Collins, and I'm very happy to share some time with you. So, you want to keep fit, huh? Well, you surely came to the right place. Together we can keep fit and healthy, and succeed in doing that. It's easy. Everybody can do it, you hear? Just remember the five golden rules.
Number one: Always wear comfortable clothes when you are exercising. You need to feel comfortable and relaxed（放松）.
Number two: You should always do some warming-up exercise first to get your body ready for the real thing.
Number three: Never try to do too much exercise too soon. Take it nice and easy now, you hear? There's no rush about this.
Number four: Don't forget to relax for about five minutes when you've finished your exercise. You need to rest a little bit after you've been exercising.
And here is the golden rule Number five. Stop at once if you feel any pain in your neck, head or any part of your body.
【小題1】The students may most probably be the people ___________.

A．who are ill

B．who want to be healthier

C．who are Crystal Collins' good friends

D．who are not interested in taking exercise

【小題2】Crystal Collins may most probably say this            .

A．before the exercise starts

B．when the exercise is over

C．during the exercise

D．a(chǎn)s soon as the exercise has started

【小題3】Which of the following is NOT true?

A．You should do some warming-up exercise before the real thing.

B．You should wear comfortable clothes.

C．You should rest for a while when you are doing warming-up exercise.

D．You should stop if you feel any pain in your body.

For many years, I had a belief that my suffering was due to my size. I believed that when the weight disappeared, it would take old wounds, hurts, and rejections with it.
Many weight－conscious people also mistakenly believe that changing our bodies will fix everything. Perhaps our worst mistake is believing that being thin equals being loved，being special, and being cherished. We fantasize（幻想） about what it will be like when we reach the long－awaited goal. We work very hard to realize this dream. Then, at last, we find ourselves there.
But we often gain back what we have lost. Even so, we continue to believe that next time it will be different. Next time, we will keep it off. Next time, being thin will finally fulfill its promise of everlasting happiness, self－worth, and, of course, love.
It took me a long while to realize that there was something more for me to learn about beauty. Beauty standards vary with culture. In Samoa a woman is not considered attractive unless she weighs more than 200 pounds. More importantly, if it’s happiness that we want, why not put our energy there rather than on the size of our body? Why not look inside? Many of us strive hard to change our body, but in vain. We have to find a way to live comfortably inside our body and make friends with and cherish ourselves. When we change our attitudes toward ourselves, the whole world changes.
【小題1】The passage tries to highlight the importance of ________.

A．body size

B．a(chǎn)ttitudes toward life

C．culture difference

D．different beauty standards

【小題2】What does the word “everything” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．All the problems.	B．All the properties.
C．The whole world.	D．The absolute truth.

【小題3】What can be inferred about the author?

A．The author is a Samoan.

B．The author succeeded in losing weight.

C．The author has been troubled by her/ his weight.

D．The author probably got wounded in wars or accidents.

【小題4】According to the author, what is the common view of those who have lost some weight first and gained it back later?

A．They feel angry about the regained weight.

B．They are indifferent to the regained weight.

C．They feel optimistic(樂觀的) about future plans on weight control.

D．They think they should give up their future plans on weight control.