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【小題1】     If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the local manager of the supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market.【小題2】     If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.
If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market.
【小題3】     You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market.
【小題4】     But for each person or business that is making and selling something, it is very concrete(具體的). If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won’t be long before you get the message. 【小題5】   _____ It is telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do.

A．The market may be something abstract.

B．The sellers are always smarter than buyers.

C．When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market.

D．The market is a concept.

E. One has to make his ends meet when shopping.
F. The market is telling you something.
G. Your efforts are being directed by the market.

 【小題1】    If you use it often and in the right ways, you will become a more skilled thinker and your ability to focus will increase. But if you never use your brain, or abuse it with harmful chemicals, your ability to think and learn will decrease. Here are some simple ways that may help you.
   【小題2】   
Don’t you feel drained(勞累) after a couple of hours of watching TV? Your eyes are sore and tired of being focused on the light box for so long. When you feel like relaxing, try reading a book instead. If you’re too tired, listen to some music. When you’re with your friends or family, leave the tube off and have a conversation. All of these things use your mind more than television and allow you to relax.
Exercise.
I used to think that I’d learn more by not exercising and using the time to read a book instead.     【小題3】    It improves productivity(生產力) during the time afterwards. Using your body clears your head and creates a wave of energy. Afterwards, you can concentrate(專注) more easily.
Read challenging books.
If you want to improve your thinking and writing ability, you should read books that make you focus. Reading a classic novel can change your view of the world and will make you think in more elegant English.    【小題4】    Re-read it when necessary, and you’ll soon grow accustomed(習慣) to the author’s style.
Early to bed, early to rise.
   【小題5】    You’ll be the most energetic if you go to bed early and don’t sleep for more than 8 hours. In my experience the early morning hours are the most productive. If you have the opportunity, take a 10-20 minute nap(小憩) when you are hit with a wave of drowsiness(睡意).

A．Take a time to reflect.

B．Reduce television watching.

C．Spending some time alone will be helpful.

D．Your brain needs exercise just like a muscle (肌肉).

E. Don’t be afraid to look up a word if you don’t know it.
F. Nothing makes it harder to concentrate than sleep loss.
G. But I realized that time spent exercising always leads to greater learning.

Encouraging Positive Relationships
Choosing one’s friends is an important part of growing up. And although you can’t choose your children’s friends, you can have a positive influence on the relationships they make throughout their formative years. Use the following strategies to help your children to build positive relationships with their friends.
● Encourage diversity.   【小題1】  In addition to exposing your kids to more diversity, it will also help them learn more about themselves.
● Avoid criticism. Avoid criticizing friendships, but be honest with your kids when you’re concerned.   【小題2】  This may make them defensive and less receptive to what you have to say. Do be open and willing to listen to what they have to say, and talk about what makes you nervous.
● 【小題3】  If you feel that one of your child’s friends is having a negative influence on him, invite that friend to spend time with you and your child together so that you can have a positive influence on the relationship.
● Engage in community service. Engage your family in service and volunteering (or join a social group) through a local church, school, or other nonprofit organization.   【小題4】 
● 【小題5】  When talking about a friend who has a negative influence on your child, focus your comments on that friend’s behaviors, not on her personality. For example, instead of calling your child’s friend irresponsible for smoking, you could point out that the behavior has a negative effect on her health and recommend ways for your child to help her quit.

A．Offer advice.

B．Get involved.

C．Don’t condemn your child’s friends.

D．Help your kids find the group that they fit with.

E. These events can be great places to meet new friends.
F. It’s important to develop positive relationships with family members as well.
G. Challenge your children to get to know kids from many different backgrounds.

Doctors Say Most Heart Disease Preventable
Heart disease is the number one killer, worldwide, of men and women over the age of 60. But people of all ages die of heart attacks each year. And while death rates have declined in the U.S. and many western European countries, they are on the rise in the developing world. 【小題1】    .
No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack. She was not overweight. She did not smoke or exercise.“In 2004, the week after I turned 49, when I was on a business trip in Chicago, I had a major heart attack," she said. 【小題2】    . She now exercises daily, and monitors her heart health.
Dr. Patrice Nickens, who is with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable. “【小題3】    ,” she said, “Men are also facing the same problem, and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers”.
“Your weight, your blood cholesterol, blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk,” she said.
【小題4】    .
“And the steps to take are simple: don’t smoke, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks,” she said.
African-Americans are at higher-than-average risk for heart disease and stroke; people don't even know they have it, which increases the risk. Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this population. 【小題5】    . For example, helping the people monitor their blood pressure. If people realize they are at risk for heart disease, they'll make lifestyle changes: lose weight, exercise, eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor 

A．A healthy lifestyle can prevent heart disease

B．So we must cure heart disease

C．It is the leading cause of death for women

D．With the right training, they can play an important role in community health

E. And that changed her life
F. Lack of exercise causes heart attacks
G. Yet most heart disease is preventable.

May the first is an important date in the college admission process in the United States. This is the last day for high school seniors to accept or reject offers of admission in the fall. But according to a recent report, there is a great change. Acceptance rates at the top colleges this year were lower than ever. 【小題1】       
These days, college applicants are applying to more colleges because online and common applications make the process easier. 【小題2】         On the other hand, deciding students for top colleges to accept can be difficult because it takes much time. Students may not like being put on waiting lists. Also, common colleges work more to get the students they accept to accept them. Some colleges hold visiting days that offer a chance to attend classes and stay overnight. Some universities send gifts. 【小題3】       .
For many families, the most important thing colleges can do is to show them the money, especially this year; the weak economy makes parents nervous. 【小題4】       . The recent problems that spread from the housing market to credit markets have even affected student’s loans. So lately, top schools have to spare lots of money to increase their financial aid for students.
 【小題5】        . The Education Department expects the number of high school graduates to start to go down. This will happen as the last of the children of the baby boom generation finishes high school. The number is not expected to start rising again until 2015.

A．Besides, top colleges are facing changes in the population.

B．What contributes to it?

C．But a mistake can be costly if it happens.

D．But top colleges ignore them.

E. They have international students who know English.
F. It can mean several acceptances to choose from.
G. They cannot afford college as planned.

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To emigrate means to move to another country and start a new life.   【小題1】    Also, it is the surest way to change a man’s life completely.
Nowadays, emigration is especially important to scientists and people possessing unique skills and talents.   【小題2】   Also, emigration might be your answer to all the difficult questions life brought to you. And, of course, if you are a scientist with a PH.D. degree and your country does not believe your research to deserve adequate funding, emigration may be your only way to continue professional activities.
 【小題3】  European finest professionals, talented scientists, engineers, inventors, doctors, writers, musicians, actors, artists, athletes began moving to the US soon after the end of the World War II.
 【小題4】  The United States is still attracting people from all walks of life. And most capable and talented among them are most welcome there. Even during the world economic crisis, America remains a country with the most stable economy and best funded research and development institutions. Thousands of immigrants arrive in the US every day in search of success and recognition.   【小題5】 

A．The USA is suffering from brain drain most in the world.

B．Emigration is and always has been an ultimate answer to challenges of life.

C．Emigration is becoming more and more serious in less-developed countries.

D．Today, sixty years later, that emigration of talents called brain drain still exists.

E.Emigration of people who can make a great contribution to scientific and cultural fields is not a new phenomenon.
F.People consider the USA as the perfect place where one can reap the best rewards for creativity and knowledge.
G.If your talent in music or literature, theater or painting seems not in need of in your country, emigration might be your best bet to achiever your creative goals.

Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables.
【小題1】  Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.
Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle.    【小題2】   . Ideal （理想的）study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity.   【小題3】
You’ll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you’ve set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.
【小題4】  Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.
【小題5】  This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.

A．Pick a place where your children can study properly.

B．Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.

C．Finally, spend time with your kids when they’re studying.

D．Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too.

E. Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.
F. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.
G. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.

Life is beautiful once you learn to change your view a little.【小題1】 . Complaining about what is wrong with an almost perfect picture stops you from seeing the beauty of the picture.  【小題2】 .  Having the wisdom of knowing what you can change, what you can control and what you can’t is happiness.
Being a good person is important. Being a good person at heart is more important. No one is loved by all or hated by all.【小題3】  . Even God gets a bad name. We humans are social animals. It’s not easy or possible to get along with everyone. The point is who draws the line of your life, you or someone else. Before doing that ask yourself whether the thing you believe in is right or wrong.  【小題4】  .
Go on living, smile, cry when you have to, and take joy in small things of life. Welcome and learn to see positive things happening around you.  【小題5】 . Love yourselves. Maybe you feel disappointed sometimes, but don’t let that take a long time with you and your life. Learn to take pride in who you are because you are beautiful, no one can be like you and no one can live your life better than you do.

A．If it’s really worth the pain.

B．Life is full of happiness and sorrow.

C．Everyone has their good’s and bad’ s.

D．Everyone should avoid the negative aspect of life.

E. Appreciating it is better than focusing on its negatives.
F. No one, including even the wealthiest and the most beautiful people, has a perfect life.
G. Distinguish between want and need, and adjust to what life throws at you.

Hollywood movies are regularly filled with sex and violence. They can be exciting films but sometimes all you want is a little light-hearted entertainment.
Have you heard of Bollywood? All singing, all dancing and unrealistic, it is the perfect alternative to normal Hollywood movies. Bollywood is the Indian film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay.   【小題1】 Yet Bollywood is the largest producer of films in the world. This year the Indian Filmgare Awards, Bollywood's Oscars, turn 50 years old.
The typical Bollywood movie usually has the following ingredients: a cup of romance, a tea-spoon of comedy, a dash of international sight-seeing, served with a huge slice of singing and dancing. There will also be one brave hero, one beautiful heroine and one baddie.  【小題2】
Bollywood films are full of ideal things and free of daily worries. 【小題3】  The actors change clothes and locations within a single song. But the audience don't mind. To Indian movie lovers, especially the poor, such films are a gateway to heaven and the stars are their gods. The films take them to a magical world away from their everyday troubles. The films tell them the impossible is possible and that true love conquers all.
  【小題4】   Behind the beautiful scenes, Bollywood still emphasizes traditional family values. In most films, if two lovers want to break an arranged marriage, they can't just run away. They must win over their parents.
Bollywood is a decent refreshing replacement for those over-stimulating Hollywood films.  【小題5】  They will take you to a brighter, cheerier and more colorful world, where it's still cool to dance around a tree and sing a love song.

A．Bollywood has gradually won its reputation on the world stage.

B．There is never any mention of politics, poverty or war.

C．Most Chinese school kids have probably never seen an Indian film.

D．Bollywood films are mostly comic romances with light-hearted incidental music.

E.  Bollywood pays great attention to traditional values. 
F．The result is a fun-filled musical.
G．So if you're tired of all that Hollywood actions, check out the following Bollywood films.

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The Dark Age of Greece
【小題1】Among early civilizations, we call the low points "dark ages", because civilizations often dropped to such a low level that it is hard to get an accurate picture of their history during these periods. During a dark age, a civilization may not have produced monuments, statue, or other objects which we use to learn about early civilizations.
One' of the most important dark ages was the dark age of Greece,which lasted from about 1100 BC to 900 BC. Prior to-that-time,Greece had a highly advanced society called the Mycenaean civilization. The Mycenaeans were a trading civilization【小題2】In fact, the Mycenaean civilization was so important that when it collapsed in the 12th centuryBC,most other civilizations in the region collapsed as well.The next 200 years are like a blank page to  historians and we know very little about this period.【小題3】The collapse of the Mycenaeans brought an end to writing in the area, and thus an end to the written records historians rely on.
The little that we know about this period has been learned from archaeology. It seems that civilization became much less advanced. The pottery from this period is much simpler and less artistic. This suggests that there was lack of wealthy people to buy higher quality products. 【小題4】   This would suggest a large decrease in population, possibly due to a widespread lack of food and consequent starvation.
Sometime around 800 BC, the Greeks began to emerge from this dark age, most probably due to the influence of other civilizations. They had lost their early writing system, but began to use the writing system of the Phoenicians at this time.【小題5】Over the next 300 years, their civilization continued to rise, and their dark age was forgotten.

A．Many civilizations undergo a series of high points and low points during their history.

B．Many early civilizations underwent dark ages, but Greece never recovered from its dark age.

C．They began constructing larger cities and trading with their neighbors again.

D．Another interesting point is that most of the large cities of earlier time periods appear to have been abandoned in favor of much smaller settlements.

E.Many pieces of evidence suggest that there was a huge increase in population during the dark age of Greece.
F.and they did much to spread their culture across the eastern Mediterranean.
G.One major reason for this is that writing basically stopped.