2009年高考完形填空分析指導(dǎo)(二)
完形填空題考查哪些能力?
完形填空屬于綜合性語(yǔ)言能力測(cè)試題。它不僅考查語(yǔ)言知識(shí)水平,同時(shí)還考查分析、判斷、推理、想象、比較和綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的實(shí)踐能力,F(xiàn)結(jié)合高考完形填空試題剖析如下(以下試題一律使用原題號(hào)):
一、閱讀理解能力
二、分析、判斷、比較和想象等思維能力
36. A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out
37. A. into B. at C. of D. from
38. A. burning B. used C. exploding D. broken
39. A. lit B. bought C. piled D. removed
40. A. patiently B. calmly C. worriedly D. excitedly
41. A. silver B. new C. colorful D. gold
42. A. mountains B. valleys C. streets D. shops
43. A. games B. meetings C. sports D. events
44. A. for B. to C. with D. in
45. A. danced B. gathered C. drank D. shouted
46. A. village B. scene C. night D. ground
47. A. on the edge of B. on the way to
C. in the center of D. in the direction of
48. A. while B. until C. unless D. though
49. A. tip B. back C. top D. bottom
50. A. inside B. near C. off D. across
51. A. fond B. little C. full D. free
52. A. jumped B. sat C. stood D. bent
53. A. so B. even C. yet D. still
54. A. follow B. show C. notice D. admire
55. A. clean B. gray C. peaceful D. empty
Key:36-40 CABAD 41-45 ACDCB 46-50 CABCA 51-55 CBDDB
第38題:我們可根據(jù)分析判斷得知答案: paper remains指的是爆竹燃放后的“殘骸”,故應(yīng)是“燃放過(guò)的”fireworks,“用過(guò)的,燃放過(guò)的”應(yīng)用used,而不是broken。
第39題:我們可以通過(guò)回憶自己孩童時(shí)期燃放爆竹的情形做出合理的想象:孩子們先“點(diǎn)燃”爆竹,然后就捂著耳朵等待爆竹爆炸,這樣一個(gè)接一個(gè)地燃放,故選A(點(diǎn)燃)。
第40題:孩子點(diǎn)燃爆竹等待其爆炸時(shí)的心情是怎樣的呢?想想自己小時(shí)候,顯然是異常“興奮”。故選D。
第41題:月亮是什么顏色?是“銀白色的”,故選A。
第55題:午夜之后,人們才停止燃放爆竹,但整個(gè)城市卻早已是“煙霧繚繞”“灰蒙蒙的”了,故選B。
完形填空以自身的內(nèi)容提供完整的語(yǔ)篇信息,其問(wèn)題交織滲透著各類相關(guān)的文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí),考查考生靈活運(yùn)用該方面知識(shí)的能力,F(xiàn)以2004年江蘇卷為例, 分析如下:
On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair
of woolen gloves. Summertime 40 out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat
pulled low over her sunglasses. 41 , she was an ordinary working woman.
Of course, I 42 all this only after she was seen no more.
It was then that I realized how 43 I expected to see her each morning. You
might say
I 44 her.
“Did she have an accident? Something 45 ? ” I thought to myself about her 46 .
三、根據(jù)文化背景知識(shí)及生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理的能力
39. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy
40. A. took B. brought C. carried D. turned
41. A. Clearly B. Particularly C. Luckily D. Especially
42. A. believed B. expressed C. remembered D. wondered
43. A. long B. often C. soon D. much
44. A. respected B. missed C. praised D. admired
45. A. better B. worse C. more D. less
第39空:根據(jù)生活常識(shí),wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves (穿棉衣和帶羊毛手套),自然只能是在snowy days。
第40空為bring out詞組,根據(jù)上述信息,該女士“clearly (顯然)”是個(gè)普通上班族,第41空填clearly。
第42空:等到有一天,這個(gè)婦女突然消失時(shí),我才“記起” (remember)這一切。
第43空:根據(jù)生活常識(shí),人們往往只有在失去某物時(shí)才意識(shí)到它的重要性,等意識(shí)到其重要性時(shí),就會(huì)期盼經(jīng)常得到或見到它。作者也是如此,以前天天見到這個(gè)女士時(shí)并沒有感覺到什么,等到有一天她消失后,就期盼著能每天再見到她。第44空填missed(想念)。
見不到這個(gè)女士的時(shí)間一長(zhǎng),作者就會(huì)有各種猜測(cè)。難道她出事了?根據(jù)生活常識(shí),我們?cè)谶@種情況下,多會(huì)做出一些不祥的猜測(cè),故第45空填worse。
本部分答案為:39-40 DB 41-45 ACDBB
完形填空試題的選項(xiàng)多數(shù)以詞匯或短語(yǔ)的形式出現(xiàn),考查考生從選項(xiàng)所提供的詞匯或短語(yǔ)本身的特點(diǎn)、意義和用法入手進(jìn)行分析,逐一排除錯(cuò)誤、欠妥、不適宜或不貼切的選項(xiàng),最終確立最佳答案的能力。例如:
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37 but a failure.”
After five years of 38 jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl.(2005安徽卷)
四、熟練掌握并靈活運(yùn)用詞匯和短語(yǔ)的能力
37. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
38. A. low B. poor C. good D. useful
本空主要涉及到nothing but這一結(jié)構(gòu)的理解和運(yùn)用,to be nothing but a failure意為”除了失敗,別無(wú)所獲”,意即”必然失敗,不可能成功”。因句中有never,故選anything,而非nothing。
第38空涉及到詞語(yǔ)搭配的問(wèn)題,指工資高低用high或low,而指工作好壞應(yīng)使用good或poor,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,顯然一開始工作做得不好,故選B。
再如2004年江蘇卷:
We may look at the world around us, but somehow we manage not to see it until whatever we’ve become used to suddenly disappears. 36 , for example, the neatly-dressed woman I 37 to see―or look at―on my way to work each morning.
For three years, no matter 38 the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00 am.
36. A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have
37. A. happened B. wanted C. used D. tried
38. A. what B. how C. which D. when
這三題均考查固定詞組、句型或習(xí)慣搭配的掌握和靈活運(yùn)用能力。根據(jù)上下文,第36空顯然為舉例,故用take…for example/ instance,只是這里take的賓語(yǔ)the neatly-dressed woman因其后有一定語(yǔ)從句修飾,句子過(guò)長(zhǎng),因而后置了。
第37空根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容,如下一段開頭的for three years一句,可知這個(gè)婦女是作者過(guò)去?匆姷,而現(xiàn)在卻看不到了,故用used to這一固定詞組。
第38空what… like也為固定搭配,What is sb. / sth. like? 為一常用固定句型。sth. like? 為一常用固定句型。
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