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LONDON ( Reuters)— Eco tourism ( 生態(tài)旅游) is causing A．lot of damage to wildlife and may be endangering the survival(生存) of the very animals people are flocking to see, according to researchers.
Biologists and conservationists ( 自然環(huán)境保護(hù)論者) are worried because polar bears, dolphins, penguins and other creatures are getting stressed and losing weight and some are dying.
"Evidence is growing that many animals do not react well to tourists in their backyard,” New Scientist magazine said.
The immediate effects researchers have noticed are changes in behavior, heart rates, or stress hormone levels but they fear it could get much worse and over the long term "could endanger the survival of the very wildlife they want to see".
Although money produced through ecotourism, which has been growing at about 10—30 percent A．year, has major benefits for poor countries and people living in rural areas, the Swiss-based World Conservation Union and some governments fear not all projects are audited (審計(jì)) and based on environmentally friendly policies, according to the magazine,
"The transmission(傳播) of disease to wildlife, or small changes to wildlife health through disturbance of daily life or increased stress levels, while not obvious to the casual observer, may translate to lower survival and breeding ,"said Philip Seddon, of the University of Ota go in Dunedin, New Zealand.
Scientists have noticed that bottleneck dolphins along the northeastern coast of New Zealand become nervously excited when tourist boats arrive. Similar changes in behavior have been observed in polar bears and yellow-eyed penguins in areas visited by eco tourists are producing smaller babies.
Conservationists are now calling for more research into the effect of eco tourism on animals and say the industry must be developed carefully. They also want studies done before new eco tourism projects are started.
“The animals’ welfare should be very important because without them there will be no eco tourism,” said Rochelle Constantine of the University of Auckland in New Zealand.
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