A 本文主要敘述了居里夫人的生平及所做的貢獻(xiàn). 【查看更多】

 

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It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?

One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.

In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?

A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?

The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?

At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?

But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?

Learner’s Dictionary.?

However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?

An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.

On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?

And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?

66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?

解析:主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了因?yàn)橹袊?guó)載人航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展而派生的一個(gè)新英語(yǔ)詞匯“taikonaut”的由來(lái)。?

 

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閱讀理解

　　Between 1977 and 1981, three groups of American women, numbering 27 in all, between the age of 35 and 65, were given month-long tests to determine how they would respond to conditions resembling those aboard the space shuttle．

　　Though carefully selected from among many applicants, the women were volunteers and the pay was barely above the minimum wage．They were not allowed to smoke or drink alcohol during the tests, and they were expected to accompany with each other for the entire period．Among other things they had to stand pressure three times the force of gravity and carry out both physical and mental tasks whole exhausted from strenuous physical exercise．At the end of ten days, they had to spend a further twenty days absolutely confined to bed, during which time they suffered backaches and other discomforts, and when they were finally allowed up, the more physically active women were especially subject to pain due to a slight calcium loss．

　　Results of the tests suggest that women will have significant advantages over man in space．They need less food and less oxygen and they stand up to radiation better．Men’s advantages in terms of strength and stamina, meanwhile, are virtually wiped out by the zero-gravity condition in space．

　　本文是說(shuō)明文。但是文章大部分內(nèi)容敘述了一次試驗(yàn)，所以前面部分也可以說(shuō)是記敘文體。文章通過(guò)對(duì)27位年齡不等的婦女進(jìn)行的模擬宇宙飛船上的試驗(yàn)得出結(jié)論：女性在太空比男性更有優(yōu)越性。

(1)

What were those American women tested for during the whole month?

[　　]

A．

For the selection of the responsible persons．

B．

For the condition of different group of the women．

C．

To see if they were suitable for the space work．

D．

To see how they would react to conditions like those aboard the space shuttle．

(2)

From the passage we can learn that ________．

[　　]

A．

many women wanted to take part in the tests

B．

the pay was important for the women

C．

the women often quarreled with each other so they had to tolerate each other

D．

they could drink some wine after work

(3)

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[　　]

A．

They had to stand under the pressure three times the force of gravity．

B．

Ten days later in the test, they had to spend another twenty days in bed．

C．

During the whole test, they suffered backaches and other discomfort．

D．

Some of the women suffered great loss of calcium．

(4)

According to the passage, ________．

[　　]

A．

the women stayed together during the whole test

B．

most of the women taking part in the test are very active

C．

before the test, the women enjoyed smoking and drinking

D．

all the women taking part in the test traveled to space at last

(5)

What is the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．

Women’s Power

B．

An Unforgettable Experience

C．

Tests Show Women Suited for Space Travel

D．

Man Should Not Travel to Space Any More

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閱讀理解

　　Between 1977 and 1981, three groups of American women, numbering 27 in all, between the age of 35 and 65, were given month-long tests to determine how they would respond to conditions resembling those aboard the space shuttle．

　　Though carefully selected from among many applicants, the women were volunteers and the pay was barely above the minimum wage．They were not allowed to smoke or drink alcohol during the tests, and they were expected to accompany with each other for the entire period．Among other things they had to stand pressure three times the force of gravity and carry out both physical and mental tasks whole exhausted from strenuous physical exercise．At the end of ten days, they had to spend a further twenty days absolutely confined to bed, during which time they suffered backaches and other discomforts, and when they were finally allowed up, the more physically active women were especially subject to pain due to a slight calcium loss．

　　Results of the tests suggest that women will have significant advantages over man in space．They need less food and less oxygen and they stand up to radiation better．Men’s advantages in terms of strength and stamina, meanwhile, are virtually wiped out by the zero-gravity condition in space．

本文是說(shuō)明文。但是文章大部分內(nèi)容敘述了一次試驗(yàn)，所以前面部分也可以說(shuō)是記敘文體。文章通過(guò)對(duì)27位年齡不等的婦女進(jìn)行的模擬宇宙飛船上的試驗(yàn)得出結(jié)論：女性在太空比男性更有優(yōu)越性。

(1)

What were those American women tested for during the whole month?

[　　]

A．

For the selection of the responsible persons．

B．

For the condition of different group of the women．

C．

To see if they were suitable for the space work．

D．

To see how they would react to conditions like those aboard the space shuttle．

(2)

From the passage we can learn that _________．

[　　]

A．

many women wanted to take part in the tests

B．

the pay was important for the women

C．

the women often quarreled with each other so they had to tolerate each other

D．

they could drink some wine after work

(3)

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[　　]

A．

They had to stand under the pressure three times the force of gravity．

B．

Ten days later in the test, they had to spend another twenty days in bed．

C．

During the whole test, they suffered backaches and other discomfort．

D．

Some of the women suffered great loss of calcium．

(4)

According to the passage, _________．

[　　]

A．

the women stayed together during the whole test

B．

most of the women taking part in the test are very active

C．

before the test, the women enjoyed smoking and drinking

D．

all the women taking part in the test traveled to space at last

(5)

What is the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．

Women’s Power

B．

An Unforgettable Experience

C．

Tests Show Women Suited for Space Travel

D．

Man Should Not Travel to Space Any More

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III．閱讀理解

  命題意圖：以下幾篇題閱讀理解題主要選用了主題突出，語(yǔ)言流暢的敘述文、應(yīng)用文和說(shuō)明文，旨在訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的基本閱讀能力------快速搜索信息能力和簡(jiǎn)單的信息處理能力（如時(shí)空排序能力等）。請(qǐng)針對(duì)學(xué)生實(shí)際情況，選用以下訓(xùn)練題。

   （1） ------易題

Doing Favours Can Be Dangerous

    I found out one time that doing a favour for someone could get you into a lot of trouble．I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test．During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand．So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen．She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write．I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.

Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed．As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she mentioned how important it was to stand on your own feet and be responsible for your own acts．For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves．She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave．I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.

Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test．When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as though I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper．I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed awfully strange to her that I hadn’t mentioned anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test．Even though I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favour by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.

1．As the author didn’t understand what the girl was whispered, he __________．

       A．paid no attention to her

       B．turned to the teacher for help

       C．tried to find out what it was all about

       D．whispered back, meaning to silence her

2．The teacher believed that the author was trying __________．

     A．to help the girl next to him    B．to copy the answers from others

   C．to lend his pen to his partner  D．to whisper the answers to the girl

3．The main point stressed in the teacher’s talk was __________.

       A．honesty    B．independence   C．sense of duty         D．willingness to help

4．The boy came to see what had happened to him __________．

     A．the moment he was asked to stay behind

     B．when the teacher started talking to him

     C．when he was walking out

     D．only some time later

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閱讀理解

　　Somewhere on the South Coast

　　England

　　Dear Mum and Dad,

　　It was a great idea to send me over to Britain to learn English this summer! I’ve met so many students－from Sweden, France and all over the world．And there are lots of students from Germany here too．It’s just like being at home．What a relief to find normal people, even in England, and to speak in a normal language most of the time．

　　Of course, we do have English lessons in the day, and I have to talk to the family I stay with here．Do you know, some of my friends have said they won’t go out with us in the evening any more－they want to speak English and find English friends．I think they’re mad．

　　The family I live with are very nice．But they have some strange habits．They drink tea all day：at breakfast, in the afternoon and at bedtime．And they eat butter with salt in it!If I go out in the evening, I often eat fish and chips．The food is wrapped up in a newspaper; at least reading the paper takes your mind off the fish and chips!Here at the coast, we travel by bus．The buses are always late．I was knocked down by an old lady the other day because I didn’t stand in the queue．English people seem very quiet and reserved, so I was very surprised to see how violent they become about queues．Also, if you ask them directions, they suddenly become very chatty and go on for hours．

　　I’d like to come back here next year to see all my friends again－oh yes, and to learn some more English…

Your son,

Hans

本文是一封書信，是應(yīng)用文的一種。信中敘述了作者在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的情況和感受。他結(jié)識(shí)了許多來(lái)自其他國(guó)家的學(xué)生，他們都是來(lái)英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的。他介紹了他所寄宿的家庭和他們喝茶的習(xí)慣。他還講述了他乘車沒(méi)有站隊(duì)的經(jīng)歷和體會(huì)。信的開頭和結(jié)尾都表達(dá)了作者對(duì)這次來(lái)英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的喜愛(ài)。學(xué)習(xí)本文時(shí)還應(yīng)注意信的格式。

(1)

According to the passage, the writer of the letter is from _________．

[　　]

A．

England

B．

France

C．

Germany

D．

Sweden

(2)

“I think they’re mad”(Last sentence in Paragraph 2)probably means that _________．

[　　]

A．

they are wildly interested in English

B．

they are angry with me

C．

they are becoming wild in England

D．

they do not like to play outside

(3)

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．

I live with very good people here．

B．

I live with very strange people here．

C．

The family I live with like to drink tea．

D．

The family I live with eat butter with salt in it．

(4)

“I was knocked down by an old lady the other day”(Paragraph 4)shows that _________．

[　　]

A．

British people are not friendly

B．

the old ladies in Britain are not friendly

C．

British people are very quiet

D．

you must line up to take a bus

(5)

From the passage, we know that _________．

[　　]

A．

the writer has many friends in Britain now

B．

the writer doesn’t like British old ladies

C．

Britain is a good place to stay in

D．

British people like their weather

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