However important we may regard school life to be, we can’t ignore the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore the great influence of parents can’t be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong supports of the school or they can consciously or unconsciously prevent the school from accomplishing its aims.

Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents apprised of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program and developmental math.

Moreover, the classroom teacher can also play an important role in explaining to parents what they should do. The informal tea and the many interviews carried on during the year, as well as new ways of reporting pupils’ progress, can significantly aid the interchanged of ideas between school and home.

Suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent change his method. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing he family budget, buying the food, using a measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.

If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in math and at the same time, enjoying the work.

Too often, however, teachers’ conferences with parents are devoted to unimportant accounts of children’s wrongdoing, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for punishments and rewards at home.

What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional advisor, plants ideas in parents’ minds for the best use of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters’ competence.

The underlined phrase “keep parents apprised of” (Line 1, Para. 2) probably means to let parents         .

A．judge       B．know C．design      D．develop

What is the purpose of the schools’ informal tea and interviews?

A．To improve the relationship between teacher and parents.

B．To explain to parents the change of the school curriculum.

C．To report students’ misdoings and suggestions for punishments.

D．To help develop good communication between school and home.

Why does the author provide all example in Paragraph 4？

A．To help parents to know the importance of home activities.

B．To show how the teacher can guide in home training.

C．To prove parents all non professional advisors.

D．To advice parents to teach kids math at home.

From the passage we learn that the author       .

A．thinks teachers should do better as professionals

B．is worried about children’s performance at home

C．is satisfied with the present state of school education

D．believes time spent out of the classroom has been wastedw.^w.k.s.5*u.c.#o@m

The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control

       The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”

       Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso（特羅姆瑟[挪威北部港市]）has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.

       The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.

       The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.

The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to

A provide more jobs for foreign workers.

B slow down the rate of its development.

C sell the oil it is producing abroad.

D develop more quickly than at present.

The Norwegian Government has tried to

A encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.

B prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.

C help the oil companies solve many of their problems.

D keep the oil industry to something near its present size.

According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to

A the development of industry.

B a growth in population.

C the failure of the development programme.

D the development of new towns.

In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be

A a large reduction on unemployment.

B a growth in the tourist industry.

C a reduction in the number of existing industries.

D the development of a number of service industries.

Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because

A they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.

B their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.

C their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.

D they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.

Nowadays more and more people regard traveling as part of their life, and Chinese transport has been strengthened for the holiday travel  ____.

A．a(chǎn)gent             B．diploma           C．dilemma          D．boom

 

(The Guardian)：              More UK universities should be profiting from ideas

　　A repeated criticism of the UK's university sector is its noticeable weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.

　　Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured, despite an annual £40m spent by the Department of Health on all kinds of research.

　　However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.

　　When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions (interference) of the past decade have helped transformed the performances of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK's position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.

　　This type of uneven distribution is not strange to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities are receiving 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialization work creates differences between universities.

　　The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. Their purpose is not to generate funds to add to the bottom line of the university or to substitute other income streams. Rather, these universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise (expert knowledge or skill) in order to build greater confidence in the sector.

　　Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialization spilling out of our universities. On the evidence presented in my report, there are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialization work.

　　If there was a greater coordination（協(xié)調(diào)）of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous (happening at the same time) investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.

1.What does the author think of UK universities in terms of commercialization?

A．They have lost their leading position in many ways.

B．They still have a place among the world leaders.

C．They do not regard it as their responsibility.

D．They fail to change knowledge into money.

2.What does the author say about the national data on UK universities’ performance in commercialization?

A．It masks the fatal weaknesses of government policy.

B．It indicates their ineffective use of government resources.

C．It does not rank UK universities in a scientific way.

D．It does not reflect the differences among universities.

3.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that “policy interventions (in Paragraph 4)” refers to _____.

A．concentration of resources in a limited number of universities

B．compulsory cooperation between universities and industries

C．government aid to non-research-oriented universities

D．fair distribution of funding for universities and research institutions

4.What dose the author suggest research-led universities do?

A．Fully use their research to benefit all sectors of society.

B．Generously share their facilities with those short of funds.

C．Advertise their research to win international recognition.

D．Spread their influence among top research institutions.

 

The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control

       The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”

       Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso（特羅姆瑟[挪威北部港市]）has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.

       The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.

       The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.

The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to

A provide more jobs for foreign workers.

B slow down the rate of its development.

C sell the oil it is producing abroad.

D develop more quickly than at present.

The Norwegian Government has tried to

A encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.

B prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.

C help the oil companies solve many of their problems.

D keep the oil industry to something near its present size.

According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to

A the development of industry.

B a growth in population.

C the failure of the development programme.

D the development of new towns.

In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be

A a large reduction on unemployment.

B a growth in the tourist industry.

C a reduction in the number of existing industries.

D the development of a number of service industries.

Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because

A they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.

B their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.

C their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.

D they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.