It is common to believe that learning just takes place in school, but much of human learning happens outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and influences almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
Learning is closely related (相關(guān)的) to memory, which is the storage(儲存) of information in the brain (大腦). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences. ?
【小題1】The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________.

A．teachers

B．classmates

C．doctors

D．brothers or sisters

【小題2】When do children begin to know to behave well according to the passage?

A．After they go into society.	B．Before they enter school.
C．When they are at school.	D．Before they are born.

【小題3】Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A．As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life.

B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students.

C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors.

D．Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts.

1970 was the World Conservation(保護(hù))Year. Everyone must know that the world is in danger.   16   is one example of the   17 .At one time there were 1,300 different kinds of trees and flowers in Holland(荷蘭),but now only 866 remain(繼續(xù)存在),   18 have been destroyed by modern man. We are changing the earth, the air and the water, and    19 that grows and lives. If we go on like this , we shall destroy ourselves.
What will happen in the future? Perhaps   20   is more important to ask “What must we do now?” The people who will be living in the world tomorrow are   21  young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. Many are helping to save   22 .
Now fifteen million young people in many countries are studying   23  and the country around him. In some countries they spend much time as “conservation volunteers.” They plant trees and help to   24  wild birds and animals.
But everyone,   25 young people, must work to save our world.

【小題1】

A．Here B．It C．He D．There

【小題2】

A．trouble B．question C．problem D．difficult

【小題3】

A．some B．others C．the other D．the others

【小題4】

A．everything B．nothing C．something D．a(chǎn)ll things

【小題5】

A．this B．that C．one D．it

【小題6】

A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．/ D．the

【小題7】

A．ourselves B．our world C．our lives D．living things

【小題8】

A．man B．men C．a(chǎn) man D．the men

【小題9】

A．find B．protect C．catch D．keep

【小題10】

A．not only B．except C． also D．together with

In many countries, unusual names for children are becoming more popular, especially when more and more stars give their children special names. In Britain, you can call a child almost anything you like except dirty words.
Some parents choose names which come from popular culture. Because of the film the Lord of the Rings(指環(huán)王), six boys were named Gandalf. Names about sport are very common, too. Since 1984, 36 children have been called Arsenal after the football team.
Other parents like to make up names, or combine(合并) two names to make a special one. A mother in Britain invented the name Tiaamii for her daughter. She combined the names Thea and Amy (the two grandmothers).
In China, there are some rules about names ―- you can’t use foreign letters or symbols(符號) in a Chinese name. For example, parents are not allowed to name their baby @. In New Zealand, a name beginning with a number is not allowed. Other countries have stricter rules about calling children. For example, Japan, Denmark, Spain, Germany and Argentina have a list of names. Parents must choose the names in the lists for their children.
In Britain, some old-fashioned(過時的) names have become popular again, such as Maisie or Ella for a girl, and Alfie or Noah for a boy. But the most popular names are not the strange ones. The top names are very traditional--Jack and Thomas for boys, or Grace and Jessica f6r girls.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案，并將其字母代號填入答題卷相應(yīng)空格內(nèi)。(共5小題,每小題2分，滿分l0分)
【小題1】In Britain, people can’t use         words in their children’s names.    

A．strange

B．popular

C．old-fashioned

D．dirty

【小題2】Thirty-six children were called Arsenal because of a        .        

A．movie star

B．football star

C．football team

D．film

【小題3】 According to the passage, which of the following names is NOT allowed?     

A．Gandulf in Britain	B．Tiaarnii in Britain
C．李@in China	D．Real in New Zealand

【小題4】In          , people must name their children according to the list.  

A．Japan

B．Britain

C．America

D．China

【小題5】From the last paragraph(段落), we know        today.               

A．you can name a girl Alfie in Britain

B．strange names are the most popular in Britain

C．people don’t use old names in Britain

D．the most popular names are the traditional names in Britain

American cities are similar to other cities around the world: In every country, cities reflect（反映）the values of the culture. American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.
After World War Ⅱ, the population of most large American cities became smaller; however, the population shifts（轉(zhuǎn)移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became richer. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their flats in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊區(qū)）.
Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest. Many young people are moving back into the city. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and what the city offers.
This population shift is bringing problems as well as some advantages. Countless poor people must leave their flats in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make flats for sale instead of for rent（租金）. In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities.
Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright, new future. Others see only problems. One thing is sure: many dying cities are alive again.
【小題1】The main idea of the passage is _________.

A．cities around the world

B．the dying cities

C．the changing American cities

D．the changing of the American culture

【小題2】 Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?

A．Because older American cities were dying.

B．Because they were richer and needed more space.

C．Because cities included the worst parts of society.

D．Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.

【小題3】 According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in American cities _________.

A．a(chǎn)re faced with housing problems

B．a(chǎn)re made to move to the suburbs

C．want to sell their buildings

D．need more money for daily costs

【小題4】We can know from the passage that _________.

A．American cities are changing for the worse

B．the population is getting smaller in older American cities

C．many people are now moving from American cities

D．people have different views on American cities

Computer games are very popular. It is natural for people towant to  1  , so playing against a computer or against a friend on the computer can be  2  to stop . “Just one more game ,” often turns into another game , then another .

Computer games do have their 3  . They are excellent for training hand /eye coordination (協(xié)調(diào)). Surgeons(外科醫(yī)生) who played computer games   4    children are often more practical . Computer games can also be   5   for teaching students. The students are open to learning while playing. They can study for longer than a  6  would be able to teach . Students can also learn at their own speed and not feel   7   to match classmates. And with computers you can  8 a task as many times as you like . The more you do this, the better you will get,    9  you can do it perfectly .

But like anything else in life, things should be 10 . Too much time on the computer can 11  your eyes . Regular breaks are needed. If students cannot  12  playing computer games , they won’t do as well in other areas in their life-not just schoolwork,   13   in developing important social skills such as how to talk with people and how to work with others as part of a  14  . And their health will become worse if they are 15 taking regular exercise.

Computer games have their place, but people must also remember it is important to have a balanced lifestyle.

1.                A．win            B．lose            C．fight D．race

 

2.                A．easy           B．necessary       C．difficult   D．natural

 

3.                A．rules           B．a(chǎn)dvantages      C．disadvantages  D．mistakes

 

4.                A．to             B．between        C．for  D．a(chǎn)s

 

5.                A．good           B．bad            C．interesting D．necessary

 

6.                A．teacher        B．parent          C．doctor   D．computer

 

7.                A．excited         B．pleased         C．stressed  D．willing

 

8.                A．make          B．practice        C．put off   D．discover

 

9.                A．when          B．until           C．a(chǎn)fter D．while

 

10.               A．planned        B．developed      C．balanced  D．discussed

 

11.               A．break          B．hurt           C．relax D．close

 

12.               A．enjoy          B．start           C．stop  D．keep

 

13.A. but       C. and         C. or              D. though

14.               A．family          B．game          C．match D．team

 

15.               A．often          B．no longer       C．a(chǎn)lways D．still