閱讀理解

　　Humans are social animals．They live in groups all over the world．As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which from different cultures．One important particular side of every culture is how its people deal with time．

　　Time is not very important in non-industrial societies．The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word TIME that is in agreement with the abstract thing we call time．The daily lives of the people of such non-industrial societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule(時(shí)間表)based on the clock．They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down．They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe．They measure time not by a clock or calendar(日歷),but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other event Frequently such a society measures days in terms of“sleeps”or longer periods in terms of“moons．”Some cultures, such as the Eskimos of Greenland measure seasons according to the migration of certain animals．

　　Some cultures which do not have a written language or keep written records have developed interesting ways of“telling time”．For example, when several Australian aborigines(土著)want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree．Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly．In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way．When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place．

　　In contrast(成對(duì)比),exactly correct measurement of time is very important in modern, industrialized societies．This is because industrialized societies require the helpful efforts of many people in order to work．For a factory to work efficiently(well, quickly and without waste)，for example, all of the workers must work at the same time．Therefore, they must know what time to start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon．Passengers must know the exact time that an airplane will arrive or depart．Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends．Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers．Complicated(復(fù)雜的)societies need clocks and calendars．Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly work at all．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

閱讀下列短文從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A，B，C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Humans are social animals．They live in groups all over the world．As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which form different cultures．One important particular side of every culture is how its people deal with time．

　　Time is not very important in non industrial societies．The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word TIME that is in agreement with the abstract thing we call time．The daily lives of the people of such non industrial societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule(時(shí)間表)based on the clock．They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down．They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe．They measure time not by a clock or calendar(日歷), but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other event．Frequently such a society measures day in terms of “sleeps ”or longer periods in terms of “moons”．Some cultures, such as the Eakinos of Greenland measure seasons according to the migration of certain animals．

　　Some cultures which do not have a written language or keep written records have developed interesting ways of “telling time”．For example, when several Australian aborigines want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree．Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly．In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way．When this happens, the people see that the agreed - upon time has arrived and the event can take place．

　　In contrast (成對(duì)比), exactly correct measurement of time is very important in modern, in detribalized societies．This is because industrialized societies require the helpful efforts of many people in order to work．For a factory to work efficiently (well, quickly and without waste), for example , all of the workers must work at the same time, Therefore, they must know what time to start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon．Passengers must know the exact time that an airplane will arrive or depart．Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends．Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers．Complicated (復(fù)雜的)societies need clocks and calendars．Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly work at all．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中。

　　On the Australian coat of arms the Emu and the Kangaroo were selected as symbols of Australia to represent the country progress because they are always moving forward and never move backwards．

　　The Emu is a large flightless bird．They stand to be 1.5 to 2 metres tall, and on average weight 36 kg．They have 3 toes, and long legs which allows them to run extremely fast．In this species, the female is larger than the male．

　　The Emu feed on grass, leaves and small insects．They live all over Australia in grasslands．

　　The female lays up to 20 eggs, which are large and are soft dark green in colour．These eggs are often prized not only by humans for decoration pieces, but by animals as a food source．The male hatches the eggs for a period of 7-8 weeks, and does not leave the nest for this period．When the eggs hatch, the male emu looks after the hatchlings for another six months．

　　The Emu is the world's third largest bird．The Ostrich and the Cassowary take the top positions．The nest of an Emu can be up to 1.5 metres wide!

　　Kangaroos are the largest marsupial(有袋)mammals．Kangaroo moves by hopping on its hind legs using its tail for steering and balancing while hopping at speed up to 60kmh．When kangaroo is moving slowly the tail is used as an extra leg and supports the kangaroo when it is standing on its hind legs．Most kangaroos can only move both back legs together and not one at a time．

　　Kangaroos are found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea．They eat grass, young shoots and leaves．Kangaroos need very little water to survive and are capable of going for months without drinking at all．

　　A male kangaroo is called a buck．It is also commonly called a "boomer" or an "old man"．A female kangaroo is called a doe, or a flyer．A baby kangaroo is called a joey．

　　Kangaroos have good eyesight but only respond to moving objects．They have excellent hearing and can turn their large ears in all directions to pick up sounds．

　　Kangaroos are social animals that live in groups or "mobs" of at least two or three individuals and up to 100 kangaroos．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)