You can’t buy happiness but it looks like you can at least inherit（遺傳）it, British and Australian researchers said on Thursday.

A study of nearly 1000 pairs of identical and non-identical twins found genes control half the personality traits（特性）that make people happy while factors such as relationships, health and careers are responsible for the rest of our well-being.

“We found that around half the differences in happiness were genetic,” said Tim Bates, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh who led the study. “It is really quite surprising.”

The researchers asked the volunteers – ranging in age from 25 to 75 – a series of questions about their personality, how much they worried and how satisfied they were with their lives.

Because identical twins share the same genes and fraternal twins （異卵雙胞胎） do not, the researchers could identify common genes that result in certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness.

People who are sociable, active, stable, hardworking and conscientious tend to be happier, the researchers reported in the journal Psychological Science.

“What this study showed was that the identical twins in a family were very similar in personality and in well-being, and by contrast, the fraternal twins were only around half as similar,” Bates said. “That strongly implicates genes.”

The findings are an important piece of the puzzle for researchers trying to better understand depression and what makes different people happy or unhappy, Bates said.

People with positive inherited personality traits may, in effect, also have a reserve of happiness to draw on in stressful times, he said.

“An important implication is that personality traits of being outgoing, calm and reliable provide a resource, we called it ‘a(chǎn)ffective reserve,’ that drives future happiness” Bates said.

1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the study?

       A．Identical twins tend to be happier than fraternal twins.

       B．About half the differences in happiness can be inherited.

       C．Relationships, health and careers can affect one’s happiness.

       D．Genes control half the personality traits affecting one’s happiness.

2．The underlined word “predispose” in paragraph 5 probably means         .

       A．lead                    B．switch                 C．force                  D．fix

3．The purpose of paragraph 7 is to inform us that         .

       A．the fraternal twins’ happiness has nothing to do with genes

       B．the identical twins’ happiness has nothing to do with genes

       C．the difference between the identical twins and the fraternal twins

       D．genes play an important part in one’s personality and happiness

4．Bates thinks that         .

      A．peoples’ happiness is only dependent on some related genes

       B．happiness reserve consists of positive personality traits

       C．people ought to reserve more positive personality traits

       D．people should have their character trained hard

You can’t buy happiness but it looks like you can at least inherit (遺傳) it, British and Australian researchers said on Thursday.

A study of nearly 1000 pairs of identical and non-identical twins found genes control half the personality traits（特性）that make people happy while factors such as relationships, health and careers are responsible for the rest of our well-being.“We found that around half the differences in happiness were genetic,” said Tim Bates, a researcher at the University

of Edinburgh who led the study. “It is really quite surprising.”

The researchers asked the volunteers – ranging in age from 25 to 75 – a series of questions about their personality, how much they worried and how satisfied they were with their lives.

Because identical twins share the same genes and fraternal twins do not, the researchers could identify common genes that result in certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness.

People who are sociable, active, stable, hardworking and conscientious tend to be happier, the researchers reported in the journal Psychological Science.

“What this study showed was that the identical twins in a family were very similar in personality and in well-being, and by contrast, the fraternal twins were only around half as similar,” Bates said. “That strongly implicates genes.”

The findings are an important piece of the puzzle for researchers trying to better understand depression and what makes different people happy or unhappy, Bates said.

People with positive inherited personality traits may, in effect, also have a reserve of happiness to draw on in stressful times, he said.

“An important implication is that personality traits of being outgoing, calm and reliable provide a resource, we called it ‘a(chǎn)ffective reserve,’ that drives future happiness” Bates said.

1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the study?

       A．Identical twins tend to be happier than fraternal twins.

       B．About half the differences in happiness can be inherited.

       C．Relationships, health and careers can affect one’s happiness.

       D．Genes control half the personality traits affecting one’s happiness.

2．The underlined word “predispose” in paragraph 5 probably means         .

       A．lead                    B．switch                 C．force                  D．fix

3．The purpose of paragraph 7 is to inform us that         .

       A．the fraternal twins’ happiness has nothing to do with genes

       B．the identical twins’ happiness has nothing to do with genes

       C．the difference between the identical twins and the fraternal twins

       D．genes play an important part in one’s personality and happiness

4．Bates thinks that         .

      A．peoples’ happiness is only dependent on some related genes

       B．happiness reserve consists of positive personality traits

       C．people ought to reserve more positive personality traits

       D．people should have their character trained hard

5．What is the probable title for the article?

       A．A study of twins             B．Happiness can be inherited

       C．Genes affect everything   D．Genes determine your fortune